Soufiane Touil

Green Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of Novel γ-Cyano-α- hydroxyphosphonate Derivatives

Herein we report an efficient, simple and green synthesis of novel types of α-hydroxyphosphonates bearing a nitrile group, from the reaction of γ-ketonitriles with dialkyl phosphites in the presence of magnesium oxide as solid support, under solvent-free conditions. All the title compounds were screened for their antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical, reducing power and ferrous ion chelating (FIC) methods and they showed significant antioxidant activity.

Oxidative stress, genotoxicity and histopathology biomarker responses in Mugil cephalus and Dicentrarchus labrax gill exposed to persistent pollutants. A field study in the Bizerte Lagoon: Tunisia.

The use of biomarkers has become an important tool for modern environmental assessment as they can help to predict pollutants involved in the monitoring program. Despite the importance of fish gill in several functions (gaseous exchange, osmotic and ionic regulation, acid-base balance and nitrogenous waste) its use in coastal water biomonitoring focusing on protection and damage is scarce. This field study investigates biochemical (catalase, superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation), molecular (DNA integrity) and morphological (histology) parameters in gill of mullet (Mugil cephalus) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and originating from Bizerte lagoon (a coastal lagoon impacted by different anthropogenic activities) and from the Mediterranean Sea (a reference site). Remarkable alterations in the activities of oxidative stress enzymes and DNA integrity in the tissue of the two studied fish species were detected in Bizerte Lagoon. The study of histopathological alterations of gills in both two fish species from Bizerte Lagoon suggest thickening of primary lamellae, cellular hyperplasia, aneurism, curving, shortening and fusion of secondary lamellae. The adopted approach, considering simultaneously protection responses and damaging effects, revealed its usefulness on the pollution assessment.

New Routes to β-Iminophosphonates, Phosphineoxides, and Sulfides

Abstract Two synthetic methods leading to β-iminophosphonates, phosphineoxides, and sulfides 2 are reported. The first method involves the reaction of imines with chlorophosphines and phosphites followed by oxidation or sulfurization. The second one utilizes the reaction of imines with diethylchlorophosphate and thiophosphate. The stereochemistry of the obtained products is discussed, and their structure is confirmed by NMR (1H, 31P, 13C) and IR spectroscopies, and by mass spectrometry. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publishers online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements to view the free supplemental file. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Reactivite Des α -Phosphonylketones Dans la Reaction de Gewald: Synthese de Nouveaux Derives de L′aminophosphonothiophene

The reaction of α -phosphonylketones 1 with active methylenenitriles 2 leads to phosphonoalkylidenes 3 . The reaction of compounds 3 with sulfur under basic conditions leads to the new 2-amino-4-phosphonothiophenes 4 . The structure of all obtained products was confirmed by NMR (1H, 31P, 13C) and IR spectroscopy, and in some cases by mass spectrometry.

ACTION DU REACTIF DE LA WESSON SUR LES HYDRAZONES γ-PHOSPHONATEES: SYNTHESE DE NOUVEAUX DERIVES DE LA Δ5-3-THIOXO-1,2,3-DIAZAPHOSPHOLINE

Abstract The Lawesson reagent (L.R) reacts with phenylhydrazones of ketones γ-disubstituted phosphonates and phosphine oxide 1 to give 1,2,3-diazaphospholine derivatives 2 and 2′. Two diastereomers were obtained in some cases. The structure of the products 2 and 2′ is confirmed by NMR and IR spectroscopy.

Application of Ynamides in the Synthesis of 2-(Tosylamido)- and 2,5-Bis(tosylamido)thiophenes

A step-economic and metal-catalyst-free synthesis of 2-(tosylamido)- and 2,5-bis(tosylamido)-thiophenes from nonsymmetrical 1,3-butadiynamides and symmetrical 1,3-butadiyne-1,4-diamides is reported. The reaction proceeds in the presence of Na2S·9H2O (2-3 equiv) under mild reaction conditions (50 °C) and is facilitated by polarized carbon-carbon triple bonds in ynamides. This new approach to thiophenes based on the chemistry of ynamides was applied to the synthesis of a bis(tosylamido)-capped terthiophene having a string of N,S-heteroatoms embedded in a highly π-conjugated molecular frame.

Synthese de 2-Amino-5-(phosphonomethyl) Thiophenes

The reaction of γ-ketophosphonates 1 with malonic derivatives and sulfur in basic conditions leads to 2-amino-5-(phosphonomethyl)thiophenes 2 . The structure of compounds 2 was confirmed by NMR and IR spectroscopy and in some cases by mass spectrometry.

ACTION DES CYANOARYLIDENES ACTIVES SUR LES β -CETO- δ -CARBETHOXYPHOSPHONATES ET PHOSPHINEOXYDES: SYNTHESE DE 2-AMINO-6-(PHOSPHONOMETHYL)-4H-PYRANES

The reaction of β-keto-δ-carbethoxyphosphonates and phosphineoxides 1 with active cyanoarylidenes 2 in basic conditions provides a convenient access to the new 2-amino-6-(phosphonomethyl)-4H-pyranes 3. The reaction is found to be highly regioselective. The structure of all obtained products is confirmed by NMR ( 1 H, 31 P, 13 C), IR spectroscopy, and in some cases by mass spectrometry.

Reactivite des β-Cetophosphonates dans la Reaction de Gewald: Synthese de 2-Amino-5-phosphono et de 2-Amino-4-(phosphonomethyl)thiophenes

The reaction of β-ketophosphonates 1 with active methylenenitriles 2 and sulfur in basic conditions led to new 2-amino-5-phos-phonothiophenes 3 and 2-amino-4-(phosphonomethyl)thiophenes 3′. The structure of all obtained products was confirmed by NMR (1H, 31P, 13C), IR spectroscopy and in some cases by mass spectrometry.

Novel aminophosphonothiophene derivatives from β-keto-δ-carbethoxyphosphonates and phosphineoxides

The reaction of β-keto-δ-carbethoxyphosphonates and phosphineoxides with active methylene nitriles leads to the corresponding phosphonoalkylidenes. Treatment of these compounds with sulfur, under the classical Gewald reaction conditions, gives a ca. 1:1 mixture of novel aminophosphonothiophene derivatives 3 and 3 ′ . In order to improve the regioselectivity of the reaction, novel conditions have been developed for the Gewald condensation, in which we used an inorganic base NaH in THF as the solvent. These conditions afforded exclusively the 3-regioisomer in good yield.