Sreelakshmi Kodandapani

Chorioangioma of Placenta: A Rare Placental Cause for Adverse Fetal Outcome

Chorioangioma is a benign angioma of placenta arising from chorionic tissue. Large chorioangioma has unfavourable effects on both mother and fetus. We describe a case with large chorioangioma that had a poor outcome on the fetus. We also reviewed the literature on prognostic factors affecting fetal outcome.

Umbilical laparoscopic scar endometriosis.

Umbilical endometriosis is rare and challenging in both diagnosis and treatment. We report a case of an umbilical scar endometriotic nodule in a 39-year-old lady following laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. The wide local excision of the nodule and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. We discuss the pathogenesis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment options for the patient.

Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Mesenchymal Hamartoma of Liver: A Case Report

Hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma is a rare benign tumor. We present an unusual case of a fetal abdominal cyst, later diagnosed histopathologically to be mesenchymal hamartoma of liver. The organ of origin was indeterminate on both prenatal and postnatal ultrasounds. As there are no specific sonological findings, whenever a large multicystic fetal abdominal cyst is seen, mesenchymal hamartoma should be considered as a possibility.

Umbilical cyst due to patent urachus in a fetus with complete urorectal septum malformation sequence

Urorectal septum malformation sequence is a sporadic malformation due to failure of septation of primitive cloaca with no anal opening. Umbilical cyst can be associated with chromosomal aneuploidy such as trisomy 18 or trisomy 13. We report on a fetus with complete urorectal septum malformation sequence with an umbilical cyst resulting from a patent urachus and with meconium as its content. This report adds to the variety of the causes of umbilical cyst and the spectrum of consequences of urorectal septal defect.

What does fetal autopsy unmask in oligohydramnios

Abstract Objective: We aimed to determine the value of autopsy in fetuses with antenatally diagnosed oligohydramnios. Patients and methods: We evaluated all fetal losses over a period of 6.5 years. Those with oligohydramnios on antenatal scan were critically analyzed. Oligohydramnios was defined as amniotic fluid index of less than five objectively or as an obvious lack of liquor at subjective assessment. A detailed postmortem examination was carried out in all the fetuses after obtaining an informed consent. Results: Fetal autopsy was conducted in 255 cases. Fifty-five (21.5%) fetuses were diagnosed to have oligohydramnios on antenatal ultrasonography. On analysis of antenatal causes of oligohydramnios, maternal/placental factors were noted in 18%, ultrasound findings known to affect amniotic fluid in 27% while cause remained unidentified in 54.5% of cases. On autopsy, fetal malformations were noted in 61.8% cases, intrauterine growth retardation in 21.8% fetuses and no obvious malformations in 16.3% fetuses. Renal anomalies were noted in 40% cases and non-renal malformations in 21.8% cases. Conclusion: The postmortem examination helped us to identify the cause of fetal loss in 46 (83.6%) fetuses with antenatal oligohydramnios. A working diagnosis could not have been established without autopsy in 19 (34.5%) cases.

Premature ovarian aging in primary infertility: Triple X syndrome.

Genetic aberrations comprise one-third of women with premature ovarian aging (POA). X chromosome abnormalities are seen in these women. We report a case of a 29-year-old lady with primary infertility and POA. She was phenotypically normal and her basal follicle stimulating hormone level was above the age-specific cut-off. Karyotype was triple X syndrome.