Stanislav Honus

Experimental Determination of Energy Demand and Spatio-Temporal Course of Pyrolysis for Various Materials

The article presents a detailed analysis of brown coal, rubber and polyethylene pyrolysis in a horizontal reactor of a thermic facility. It is a facility continuously processing entry materials flowing in the amount of up to 150 Kg.h -1 and with the total maximum heaters’ output of 200 kW. The attention has been paid to the thermal input of the pyrolysis process and to the description of physical-chemical processes in time and the reactor space. The objective has been to find out the best combination of entry material and process conditions from the point of view of pyrolysis energy intensity. The article specifics are based on the fact that the mentioned processes have been analysed in a large facility having the semi-production characteristics, not within a laboratory system used usually in this kind of research (DSC).

Conversion of Syngas to LPG and Aromatics Over Commercial Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst and HZSM-5 in a Dual Bed Reactor

The commercial Co-based Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and HZSM-5 were tested in a single reactor process. FT catalyst was evaluated at 463 K, whereas HZSM-5 was evaluated at various temperatures (523, 573, and 623 K). The effect of syngas flow rate, HZSM-5 temperature and loading on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and aromatics selectivities were investigated. HZSM-5 addition suppressed the formation of CO2 and CH4, and remarkably enhanced the simultaneous formation of LPG and aromatics. The optimal operating conditions were identified as: THZM-5 = 623 K, HZSM-5 loading = 2.5 g, and GHSV = 4.8 Lsyngas/(gcat h).

Reverse Material Flow of Worn-Out Conveyor Belts

Options for further use of worn-out conveyor belts were analysed and examined within the frame of research about options of reverse logistics. Reverse logistics has importance because one of the most important elements of reverse logistics is presented by wastes. By the research it is examined the reverse logistics network system for wastes. The article presents partial results of the aforesaid research in the field of reverse material flow of rubber wastes, especially results of theoretical knowledge of the current state of reverse material flow of rubber wastes in Slovak republic and re-processing of rubber wastes.

Properties of Process Gas Combustion Products

The study deals with the issue of combustion of process gas that resulted from the pyrolyticly processed varied organic materials. The study describes combustion properties of the gas and the properties of the combustion product considering kinds of the entry materials. The selected materials (coal, rubber, or biomass) were pyrolysed at the temperature of 650°C in the experimental system having the maximal heat output of 200 kW. It was the system with the continual intake of entry materials the flow of which could reach the maximum of about 150 kg.h-1.

The Analysis of the Heat Transfer into Reactor Walls in the Thermal System and the Verification

The article presents the analysis of thermal flows into reactor walls within the semi-operational pyrolytic system. There were hydrodynamic and thermodynamic similarity theories and heat transfer by radiation laws used for the solution of this issue. The entry data for the heat transfer analysis were gained by conducted experiments. The correctness of the resulting values has been verified by measurements. The required reactor parameters, for the required heat intake, have been derived from the analytical results at the end of this article.

Verifying the prediction result reliability using k-ε, eddy dissipation, and discrete transfer models applied on methane combustion using a prototype low-pressure burner

The article aims to verify the accuracy of a method to simulate the combustion chamber with a low-pressure prototype burner equipped with a specific “mixing element” and air baffle. The burner has an output of 4 kW and combusts methane. In detail, the article evaluates the accuracy of the final courses of temperatures and CO concentrations in the combustion chamber, which were obtained having combined the mathematical models k-ε, Eddy Dissipation and Discrete Transfer. CFD software CFX was used for the solution and visualisation of the results. The verification measurements imply that the final course of temperature plotted on the vertical axis of the combustion chamber differs from the real course by +21.7% on average. The predicted CO concentrations are relatively satisfactory in the chamber locations with lower temperatures – at the combustion chamber outlet the deviation from the measured value was +31.8%. Overall, the applied method may be considered acceptable to simulate the thermal field in a combustion chamber with the described burner.

The control concept of multisource off-grid system

The off-grid system is a network without connection to the external grid capable of autonomous mode operation. These off-grid systems use mostly renewable sources complemented by the emergency source for case of bad weather conditions. The most common alternative sources include for example photovoltaic systems, wind power plants, cogeneration units, hydrogen technology and power generators. This combination of individual sources can be labelled as a multisource system with a combination of storage devices and a smart control system. The main goal of this paper is to present the developed off-grid system, whereas the analysis of its operation for variety of modes is introduced namely.

Design of the Reactor for the Partial Oxidation of the Pyrolysis Gas Using the Mathematical Modeling

This contribution describes a design of experime ntal reactor for decomposing the process of gasses with different contents of hydrocarbons (CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 6 , C 3 H 8 ) . It shows pyrolysis process as a possible source for synthesis gas production . The mathematical modeling ( Ansys Fluent) was used to predict maximal temperature and velocity in three designs and the best result was chosen for manufacturing. Optimal dimensions and material s were chos en basing on the analysis. The ch emical analysis is a second step of research and it is not used in this article .

Maintenance Study of a Pilot Biomass Pyrolysis Installation

The article describes the results of studies on a pilot pyrolysis installation with respect to maintenance parameters during pyrolysis of biomass in a form of pellets. Efficiency of raw fuel (pellets made from wood) conversion to processed fuels: coke, oil and post-pyrolytic gas. The described installation is atypical in terms of construction design that is based on the heat conduction mechanism (in most installations, convection in an atmosphere of inert gases or in vacuum is the dominating mechanism). Also, energy balances for biomass pyrolysis are presented.

The Influence of Work Parameters on a Hydrogen PEM Fuel Cell Efficiency

In the paper the basic information about hydrogen were given. The most important parameters from energetic point of view were described. The efficiency and other work parameters were shown in the form of graphs.