Stanisław Bielski

Conditions of Biomass Production for Energy Generation Purposes in Poland

Conditions of Biomass Production for Energy Generation Purposes in Poland The issue of production of raw materials for energy generation on agricultural areas is a multileveled issue (the economic, social, environmental and other aspects should be considered). Plantations of energetic plants that represent an important component in satisfying the increasing demand for biomass resulting from the requirement of increasing the use of renewable energy sources in Poland and the European Union will be an important aspect in production of agricultural biomass during the nearest future. Agroenergetics should result in a significant development of agriculture. This paper aims at presenting the legal-economic and technological conditions of biomass production for energy generation purposes as concerns liquid biofuels (as a substitute for fuels produced on the base of crude oil) and solid biomass (used in heat and power generation). This is a consequence of high emissions of greenhouse gases from transport end heat and power generation sectors.

Effect of fertilization on the development and yields of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.)

Summary In 2007-2009, a pot experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn on cv. Promyk pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). The aim of the study was to assess the impact of nitrogen and magnesium in plant growth and development and yield of marigold. The experiment included two factors: nitrogen fertilization (g.pot-1): A-0 (control), B-0.3, C-0.6 (0.6+0), D-0.9 (0.6+0.3), E-1.2 (0.6+0.6) and magnesium fertilization (g.pot-1): a-0 (control), b-0.5. The experimental part of the research was designed according to the independent series method and set up in 4 replicates, 4 pots in one replicate, in modified Kick-Brauckmann pots. The experiment demonstrated a significant effect of nitrogen fertilization on the plants hight, number of pot marigold inflorescences, fresh inflorescences weight, fresh and airdry ligulate weight. Magnesium fertilization had a positive effect on all the analyzed traits. No statistical correlation was proven between the nitrogen and magnesium fertilization Streszczenie Doświadczenie wazonowe z nagietkiem lekarskim odmiany Promyk prowadzono w latach 2007-2009 w hali wegetacyjnej Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie. W badaniach uwzględniono dwa czynniki: nawożenie azotem (g∙wazon-1): A-0 (próba kontrolna), B-0,6 (0,6+0), C-0,9 (0,6+0,3), D-1,2 (0,6+0,6) i nawożenie magnezem (g∙wazon-1): a-0 (próba kontrolna), b-0,5. Część eksperymentalną założono metodą serii niezależnych, w 4 powtórzeniach, w wazonach zmodyfikowanego systemu Kick-Brauckmanna. Wykazano istotny wpływ nawożenia azotem na wysokość roślin, liczbę kwiatostanów nagietka, świeżą masę kwiatostanów, świeżą i suchą masę kwiatów języczkowych. Nawożenie magnezem miało pozytywny wpływ na wszystkie badane cechy - nie udowodniono statystycznie. Nie odnotowano istotnych statystycznie interakcji nawożenia azotem i magnezem na badane cechy nagietka lekarskiego.