Stanley Von Hagen

Fishing in urban New Jersey: ethnicity affects information sources, perception, and compliance.

Recreational and subsistence angling are important aspects of urban culture for much of North America where people are concentrated near the coasts or major rivers. Yet there are fish and shellfish advisories for many estuaries, rivers, and lakes, and these are not always heeded. This paper examines fishing behavior, sources of information, perceptions, and compliance with fishing advisories as a function of ethnicity for people fishing in the Newark Bay Complex of the New York–New Jersey Harbor. We test the null hypothesis that there were no ethnic differences in sources of information, perceptions of the safety of fish consumption, and compliance with advisories. There were ethnic differences in consumption rates, sources of information about fishing, knowledge about the safety of the fish, awareness of fishing advisories or of the correct advisories, and knowledge about risks for increased cancer and to unborn and young children. In general, the knowledge base was much lower for Hispanics, was intermediate for blacks, and was greatest for whites. When presented with a statement about the potential risks from eating fish, there were no differences in their willingness to stop eating fish or to encourage pregnant women to stop. These results indicate a willingness to comply with advisories regardless of ethnicity, but a vast difference in the base knowledge necessary to make informed risk decisions about the safety of fish and shellfish. Although the overall median income level of the population was in the

Microleakage of compomer Class V restorations: Effect of load cycling, thermal cycling, and cavity shape differences******

25,000–34,999 income category, for Hispanics it was on the border between

Soil adsorption alters kinetics and bioavailability of benzene in orally exposed male rats

15,000–24,999 and

A study of bubbles in a rubber elastomer manipulated under clinical conditions

25,000–34,999.

Low-fusing counterdies for measuring accuracy of dies or impression materials

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Microleakage is an important problem with direct filling restorations and an understanding of the factors that contribute to it is of critical importance. PURPOSE This study investigated the effect of thermal and occlusal load cycling, and limited cavity preparation on microleakage of compomer Class V restorations in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS Class V cavities were randomly prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 32 recently extracted molars and premolars and restored with Dyract compomer restorative system as per the manufacturers directions. Teeth were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups with 8 teeth in each group: (I) thermocycling only; (II) load cycling only; (III) both thermocycling and load cycling; and (IV) no treatment. All teeth were then immersed in 2% basic fuchsin solution for 24 hours. Dye penetration was measured linearly using color photographic prints. ANOVA, comparisons between means, and correlation were used to analyze the results. RESULTS Thermocycling and cavity preparation had a significant effect on microleakage, but load cycling did not. Occlusal margins leaked more than the gingival margins. CONCLUSION Class V restorations demonstrated increased microleakage under the conditions of thermal cycling and nonretentive cavity design. More microleakage occurred at occlusal margins than at gingival margins. The effect of load cycling is complicated by considerations of the types of stresses applied and the restorative material response to such stresses.

Benefits of continuous physiological pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome*†*Supported in part by Robert Wood Johnson Pharmaceuticals, New Brunswick, New Jersey.†Presented at the Society For Gynecologic Investigation, San Antonio, Texas, March 18 to 21, 1992.

A study comparing the bioavailability of pure vs soil-adsorbed benzene was conducted in adult, male rats. Animals were gavaged with an aqueous suspension of benzene alone or adsorbed to either a Keyport series (clay soil) or a Cohansey aquifer solid (sandy soil) from New Jersey. Peak plasma concentration of radioactivity was increased in the presence of either soil vs benzene alone while the sandy soil also decreased the time to reach peak vs benzene alone. Either soil produced an increase in the area under the plasma radioactivity-time curve versus benzene alone, while the clay soil did so in a statistically significant manner. The half-life (t1/2) of absorption into plasma was not statistically different in the presence of either soil, while each soil decreased the t1/2 of elimination vs benzene alone and clay soil did so in a statistically significant manner.Two hr after exposure, stomach tissue contained the highest amount of radioactivity followed by fat in all treatment groups. No differences were detected in the tissue concentration of radioactivity between the treatment groups.Expired air was the primary excretion route following exposure to benzene alone with lesser amounts of radioactivity eliminated in the urine during the 48 hr following exposure. The opposite pattern was detected in the presence of clay soil, while expired air and urine represented approximately equal routes of excretion in the presence of sandy soil. Unmetabolized benzene represented the bulk of total radioactivity in the expired air of all treatment groups with [14C]O2 comprising the remainder. Less than 2% of radioactivity was eliminated by the fecal route for all treatments with significantly higher amounts in the clay soil treatment versus benzene alone.Phenol was the primary benzene metabolite detected in the 0–12 hr urines of all treatment groups. Lesser amounts of hydroquinone, catechol, and benzenetriol were also detected. No differences in the metabolite percentages were detected between the treatment groups.

Preovulatory follicle number predicts corpora lutea number in early pregnancy**Supported by grant HD-22338 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

One hundred addition reaction silicone impressions were made by students and faculty members using two types of syringes with two syringe tip sizes. A count of the bubbles in the impressions revealed a total of 439 with only one impression completely free of bubbles in either the posterior or anterior test regions. Faculty members, presumably more experienced, confirmed the last out-fewer bubbles hypothesis developed in a previous laboratory investigation, but some students did not. A pneumatically activated syringe produced no fewer bubbles than did the conventional hand-powered syringe but most of the students and faculty members thought it was advantageous. Half believed that more practice with it would be beneficial. We recommend that practicing dentists try to minimize bubbles by extruding the first part of the syringe contents onto the mixing pad or in a distant intraoral location before injecting around the critical tooth preparations.

Urban anglers' perception of risk from contaminated fish.

Described in this pilot study is the genesis, development, and use of a system for measuring impression and die material accuracy with low-fusing bismuth alloy counterdies. The method followed the same sequence used in dental laboratory technology with the assumption that the errors associated with the wax pattern, investing, and casting had been largely eliminated. Determination of the alloy shrinkage was the first step, followed by a comparison of two impression and two die materials used in conjunction with master dies of full crown and MOD configurations. Misfit measurements revealed marginal openings of 12 to 219 microns depending on die configuration, the impression, or the die material. A 2 x 2 factorial statistical model with interaction revealed main and interactive effects. This procedure could be useful in future investigations.

In Vivo Disruption of the Fas Pathway Abrogates Gastric Growth Alterations Secondary to Helicobactev Infection

OBJECTIVE Can continuous pulsatile GnRH from one ovulatory cycle to another enhance the endocrine milieu of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)? DESIGN Five women with well-characterized, clomiphene citrate (CC)- and hMG-resistant PCOS were treated with a 100 ng/kg per bolus of IV pulsatile GnRH (Lutrepulse; Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation, Raritan, NJ) every 90 minutes for two consecutive ovulatory cycles. Weekly vaginal ultrasonography and daily blood sampling for LH (mIU/mL), FSH (mIU/mL), E2 (pg/mL), and P (ng/mL) were performed. These data were compared with a control group of normally cycling women. RESULTS First ovulatory cycles on therapy were characterized by significantly increased mean follicular phase LH = 88 (arbitrary units area under the curve [AUC]) compared with second cycles (28 mean AUC units) and controls (13 mean AUC units). Luteal phase E2 (3,081 mean AUC units) was significantly increased in first cycles compared with second cycles (880 mean AUC units) and controls (1,562 mean AUC units in PCOS). Luteal phase E2 secretion was elevated in second cycles when compared with normal but not significantly. The changes occurring between the first and second ovulatory cycles in women with PCOS resulted in a more physiological overall pattern of gonadotropin and sex steroid secretion in the second cycles. Two singleton pregnancies were achieved in the second cycle. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose pulsatile IV GnRH can successfully induce ovulation in women with PCOS who have failed to conceive on all previous conventional therapy (CC, hMG, and/or GnRH agonist, and hMG). Continuous cycle-to-cycle physiological GnRH replacement normalized the endocrine parameters of second cycles. Women with PCOS, even when ovulatory on pulsatile GnRH, do not display entirely normal gonadotropin and sex steroid dynamics.

Effects of 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields on the development of the rat cerebellum

A moderately strong correlation was coefficient was obtained between the relationship of mature follicle number versus CL number by use of vaginal US. This suggests an accurate prediction of CL number, especially between 1 and 4 mature follicle number as determined by the LOWESS curve.