Stefano Amelio

The Impact of Comprehensive Income on the Financial Ratios in a Period of Crises

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the differences on the reporting performance choices between the comprehensive income and the net profit in period of financial crises. In the first part this paper reports on the choice made by companies in their statement of comprehensive income with respect to the IAS/IFRS options. In the second part the calculations of Return on Equity (ROE), ROE Comprehensive Income (ROE CI) and Earnings per Share (EPS) are presented. Some of the data are compared with the Italian data. Statistical method is applied for the purpose of this research.

CSR and Social Entrepreneurship: The Role of the European Union

The aim of the paper is to analyze the status of non-financial information disclosure in the European Union in order to evaluate the level of acceptance of social responsibility practices. The research is divided into two sections and the approach used is mainly theoretical and qualitative. In the first part the UE financial and non-financial information regulations are analyzed; the European Union launched a process of harmonization then subsequently it moved to the standardization process: the Regulation (EC) No. 1606/2002 is part of the standardization process (It must be applied in its entirety across the EU) while the Directive 2014/95/EU is part of the harmonization process (it sets out a goal that all EU countries must achieve). The Directive 2014/95/EU states that “large undertakings […] shall include in the management report a non-financial statement […]” thus making mandatory the preparation of non-financial statements. In the second part of the research, not considering the firm only as a system for the production of financial/economic value but also as an economic social actor which operates in a social environment to which it belongs and with which it interacts, the concept of social entrepreneurship is explained. Social entrepreneurship belongs to the entrepreneurs who draw up the social balance, required or permitted by the UE legislation. For this reason, the introduction of obligations in disclosing non-financial information could lead to the increase of entrepreneurship, with positive consequences in the creation of tangible benefits to both the business community and the global community.

The value of human resources in non profit organizations. The Italian situation

The aim of the paper is to analyze the situation of the human resources in the non profit organizations in Italy. The human resources of a non profit organization are composed by workers and volunteers. Volunteers are workers who voluntarily choose to provide services to a non profit, without any expectation of compensation. The non profit sector is an often overlooked and important economic driver with its employees and a large number of volunteers. Non profit organizations provide important opportunities for people to combine their energy, talents and values for community improvement and enrichment. A large number of non profit organizations are formed to produce goods or services while abiding by certain moral, intellectual, aesthetic or religious principles. Several authors have suggested that, under such conditions, the organizational goals of non profits are often best achieved by intrinsically motivated employees and by employees who identify very closely with the goals of the organization. Keeping employees motivated and engaged is the key to every organization’s success especially in the non profit sector. When people work at a non profit, they are surrounded by people driven by a sense of mission. It goes beyond job satisfaction and is not simply motivation. Engagement is something the employee has to offer as it cannot be required as part of the employment contract. The work in the first part is theoretical. In the second part predominantly employs the quantitative methods; authors present an empirical analysis based on observed and measured phenomena and derives knowledge from actual experience rather than from theory or belief. It describes and synthesizes, with the use of statistical data, the dynamics and the evolution of the human resources in the Italian non profit organizations.