Stefano Bresciani

Change through innovation in family businesses: evidence from an Italian sample

Research on the linkages between family firms, innovation and change is scant and lacking empirical investigation. In parallel the incessantly changing business environment and its consequent unpredictability and strategic disorientation, demand for radical organisational changes, without however signifying their nature. This research investigates the innovative capacity of family businesses and the degree and manner to which innovation can lead to change or even be the change needed in the context of strategic reorientation. The research investigates innovation with reference to the resource perspective, which is measured in terms of the human, social and marketing capitals. The findings highlight the innovative strength of family businesses and suggest that innovation is indeed not simply the means of strategic change, but, in its deeper sense, the strategic change itself. Moreover, innovation and change, as a unified goal, are required to be dynamic and constant, as opposed to static and instant.

Knowledge-driven preferences in informal inbound open innovation modes. An explorative view on small to medium enterprises

Purpose This paper aims to investigate three key factors (i.e. cognitive dimensions, the knowledge-driven approach and absorptive capacity) that are likely to determine the preference for informal inbound open innovation (OI) modes, through the lens of the OI model and knowledge-based view (KBV). The innovation literature has differentiated these collaborations into informal inbound OI entry modes and formal inbound OI modes, offering an advocative and conceptual view. However, empirical studies on these collaborations are still limited. Design/methodology/approach Building on the above-mentioned theoretical framework, the empirical research was performed in two stages. First, data were collected via a closed-ended questionnaire distributed to all the participants from the sample by e-mail. Second, to assess the hypotheses, structural equation modelling (SEM) via IBM® SPSS® Amos 20 was applied. Findings The empirical research was conducted on 175 small to medium enterprises in the United Kingdom, suggesting that the knowledge-driven approach is the strongest determinant, leading to a preference for informal inbound OI modes. The findings were obtained using SEM and are discussed in line with the theoretical framework. Research limitations/implications Owing to the chosen context and sector of the empirical analysis, the research results may lack generalisability. Hence, new studies are proposed. Practical implications The paper includes implications for the development of informal inbound OI led by knowledge-driven approach. Originality/value This paper offers an empirical research to investigate knowledge-driven preferences in informal inbound OI modes.

Tradition and innovation in Italian wine family businesses

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse how a strategy based on the combination of tradition and innovation can offer a competitive advantage to a medium-sized family firm operating in the wine sector. Design/methodology/approach – This research focuses on one case study. The subject of the case study under analysis is Pio Cesare, an internationally recognized fine wine Italian company. Findings – Pio Cesare is characterized by a strong combination of tradition and innovation in terms of products and processes. Innovation and tradition are not opposites; on the contrary, a blend of the two has been crucial in achieving and maintaining a sustainable competitive advantage. Research limitations/implications – The formalization of an effective blend of tradition and innovation, especially in a family business, and an effective dissemination of the company philosophy to future generations, calls for a more in-depth study. This study has some limitations, which determined by the applied methodology. M...

Innovation-receiving subsidiaries and dual embeddedness: impact on business performance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the degree of subsidiary’s external and internal embeddedness and the contribution on subsidiary’s business performance of a received innovation. In particular it focusses on dual embeddedness of the subsidiary that receives an innovation from the rest of the MNC’s network. Design/methodology/approach – Using Amadeus databases were selected 93 CEE subsidiaries located in six countries. Data were collected through a standardized questionnaire and three hypothesis were tested through an OLS regression model. Findings – The results indicate that the two types of embeddedness positively affect the received innovation’s contribution on business performance. Moreover, the inclusion of the interaction term shows how a simultaneously high level of embeddedness in both external and internal business networks lead to a multiplicative and positive effect on subsidiary’s business performance. This means that external and internal embeddedn...

Strategic R&D internationalisation in developing Asian countries - the Italian experience

Increasingly over the last two decades, companies not only produce and sell, but also develop goods and services outside their home countries. Rapidly becoming the rule rather than the exception, these firms undertake significant R%D activities at different locations abroad. The phenomenon is especially visible in the developing Asian countries, whose markets are becoming extremely attractive to foreign firms while their workforces and infrastructural R%D capacities and competencies themselves progressively favour R%D. The aim of this paper is to show R%D internationalisation activities of firms from Italy in Asian developing countries. Using a dataset of 500 Italian firms with international R R%DD units, as well as interviews, we researched whether companies follow a knowledge augmenting or knowledge sourcing strategy. The results show a positive relation between the choice to settle R%D units in Asia and the sale of innovative products in Asia, concluding that firms follow a knowledge exploiting strategy, establishing their whole innovation value chain to developing Asian countries.

The Localization Choice of Multinational Firms’ R&D Centers: A Survey in the Piedmont Area

Research on the linkages between R&D, environment, strategy, and localization choices is quite new and often lacks empirical investigation. The aim of this article is to study the localization choices of MNE R&D activities in Piedmont. Specifically, it investigates the extent of locating in a specific place on the strength of several drivers and the level of satisfaction of the choice after 3 years from the settlement. The findings aim to verify the main drivers that led 51 MNE to choose Piedmont as the ideal area for their R&D activities and also to show how the high level of presence after 3 years from the settlement confirms the result.

Innovation and creativity within firms. An empirical demonstration in the Piedmont area

Many people think of creativity in relation to the world of art and communication or in psychological terms. However, nowadays we increasingly hear and talk about creativity within organisations in the economics and management fields. Moreover, in the modern competitive scenario, the need to develop new and flexible skills is necessary. Organisations, in fact, must anticipate increasingly dynamic and complex changes in the competitive scenario. Therefore, as many authors have shown, creativity is a fundamental quality to develop new ideas which could become new products, services or processes. In this sense, creativity spurs innovation, which is a source of competitive advantage. The main goal of this article is to investigate, from an empirical point of view, the relationship between creativity and innovation within firms in the Piedmont area.

Ambidextrous work in smart city project alliances: unpacking the role of human resource management systems

Abstract Organizations that are competing in dynamic global markets are increasingly adopting ambidextrous strategies where exploration and exploitation capabilities are combined simultaneously. However, ambidextrous work raises new challenges for human resource management (HRM). Based on 21 interviews with managers in seven multinational firms in Europe, we investigate how ambidextrous work in smart city work is supported through HRM systems. Our findings suggest a complex mix of three different HRM systems (one at corporate and two at project levels) designed to support ambidextrous exploratory and exploitation work. Specifically, corporate HRM systems focused on incentives and development of dual capabilities for smart city managers (SCMs). At project levels, interconnected explorative and exploitative HRM systems offered tailored managerial tools to support social integration and knowledge management between internal and external employees. Theoretical contributions, future research paths, and practical implications are addressed.

Human resource management - practices, performance and strategy in the Italian hotel industry

The aim of this paper is to study the relationship between human resource management (HRM) and organisational performance in the Italian hospitality sector. In particular, it investigates the extent of adoption of HRM practices, the existence of formal HR strategies, and the degree of development of the HR function, in the Italian hotel industry. The findings aim to verify whether the effectiveness of HRM is contingent upon the approach to adopted business strategies and whether the hotels, which strategically formally apply HRM practices, outperform those with HRM practices outside a formal organisational strategy. The research finally expands on the underlying factors and managerial implications of the findings to conceptually interpret phenomena and prescribe actions.

The family variable in the French and Italian wine sector

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the differences in terms of economic and financial performance, between family firms (FFs) and non-family firms (NFFs) in the wine sector in Italy and France, where this sector is one of the most representative national economic activities. Design/methodology/approach – This study is based on a sample of Italian and France companies operating in the wine sector. The sample, including medium and large firms, includes 288 FFs and 302 NFFs, for a total of 590 firms. Amadeus database represents the data source. According to Astrachan and Kolenko (1994), a firm is classified as a FF if family had to own over 50 per cent of the business in a private company or more than 10 per cent of a public company. Findings – This study confirms that the family variable is relevant to achieve good economic and financial performance, and endow firms with different features. In terms of economic performance, FFs both in Italy and France outperform in. terms of return on equi...