Stéphane Mussard

The bidimensional decomposition of the Gini ratio. A case study: Italy

This research is based on the decompositions of the Gini index. The two existing procedures of decomposition are connected: subgroup decomposition and income source decomposition. This bidimensional decomposition enables the computation of some new determinants of inequalities. It is possible to reckon the contribution of each source to the within-group and the between-group components of the overall inequality. This bidimensional decomposition is applied to the Italian consumption in 1989 and 2000.

Analyzing the impact of indirect tax reforms on rank-dependent social welfare functions: a positional dominance approach

A new approach is developed to identify marginal tax reforms for pairs of commodities and to test for the robustness of their impacts on Yaari’s dual social welfare functions. The rank-dependent social evaluation approach gives rise to a new device, the s-concentration curve, which is a generalization of the standard concentration curve. The s-concentration curves are provided for every order of positional dominance and an illustration is performed using Canadian data.

The Gini multi-decomposition and the role of Gini's transvariation: application to partial trade liberalization in the Philippines

This article proposes a unified technique of the Gini decomposition. The Gini multi-decomposition is a combination of the income source decomposition and the subgroup decomposition. This technique is applied on reference situation and simulated scenarios for partial trade liberalisation in Philippines, and is extended to different orderings to capture a wide range of between-group indicators. We simulate variations in income source distributions for seven educational groups in the Philippines, in order to measure the inequality variations between a reference situation and a post simulation one with positive externalities due to public expenditures on the private sector productivity.

Linking Yitzhaki's and Dagum's Gini decompositions

In this article we show that the Gini coefficient is simultaneously decomposable both by sources of income and by populations of income receivers for nonoverlapping income distributions: the so-called first-best Gini multi-decomposition. We show that this multidimensional decomposition is useful for many reasons: (i) it is related to the degree of inequality aversion of the decision maker, (ii) it is especially well suited to study inequalities between poor and nonpoor people, (iii) it enables one to measure the impact of marginal tax reforms on within- and between-group inequalities, respectively.

Decomposition of S-Concentration Curves

For any given order of inverse stochastic dominance, standard concentration curves are decomposed into three components, called contribution curves. Those components correspond to within-group inequalities, between-group inequalities, and transvariational inequalities. We prove, for all orders, that contribution curve dominance implies systematically welfare-improving tax reforms and conversely. Accordingly, as welfare expansions may be costly in terms of particular inequalities, we propose targeted fiscal reforms.

Inequalities in multidimensional poverty: evidence from Argentina

This article presents a new synthetic methodology that gauges simultaneously the inequalities in multidimensional poverty within and between groups of population and the dimensions that tend to increase inequality in poverty.

On multi-decomposition of the aggregate Luenberger productivity index

The purpose of this note is twofold. First, it proposes a multi-decomposition of the Luenberger productivity index, that is, a combined decomposition both by attribute, which is characterized by technical change or efficiency change, and by firm. Second, it applies this technique to the European Union to measure the most important contributions to European productivity.

Une réconciliation entre la décomposition en sous- groupes et la décomposition en sources de revenu de l'indice de Gini. La multi-décomposition de l'indicateur de Gini

This research provides a new approach of decomposition. The multi-decomposition of the Gini index allows one to combine the two methods of decomposition: the decomposition by subgroup and the decomposition by income source. Thanks to the Italian income earners in 1989 and 2000, we illustrate this technique in order to show the weakness of the transfers and the pensions to reduce the within-group and the between-group inequalities.

QUADRATIC PEN'S PARADE AND THE COMPUTATION OF THE GINI INDEX

Following Milanovics (1997) paper [Economics Letters, vol. 56, p. 45-49], we propose a simple way to compute the Gini index when income y is a quadratic function of its rank among n individuals.

ℓ1 regressions: Gini estimators for fixed effects panel data

Panel data, frequently employed in empirical investigations, provide estimators being strongly biased in the presence of atypical observations. The aim of this work is to propose a Gini regression for panel data. It is shown that the fixed effects within-group Gini estimator is more robust than the ordinary least squares one when the data are contaminated by outliers. This semi-parametric Gini estimator is proven to be an U-statistics, consequently, it is asymptotically normal.