Stephany Cares Huber

Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles: Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Applied to Textile Fabrics

The silver nanoparticles production (~8 nm) by Fusarium oxysporum was evidenced by the presence of the plasmon absorption band. These particles were stable by several months due to protein capping originated by the biogenic process as observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles was assayed on V79 fibroblast cell line and were evaluated by tetrazolium reduction and neutral red uptake giving an IC50 of 22 μM. Silver nanoparticles impregnation in textile fabrics was made through the padding method and their impregnation was confirmed by SEM-EDS. The antimicrobial tests on the textile fabric were done with different bacteria. These fabrics showed antimicrobial activity against all the studied bacteria. The antimicrobial activity was maintained until the 30ª washes showing the high adhesion of these nanoparticles on the fabric fibers probably due to interaction between protein capping and fibers. Then, it was demonstrated an efficient method of stable silver nanoparticles production and their high adhesion on the textile fabrics.

Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles and its Antifungal Activity as a New Topical Transungual Drug

Silver nanoparticles production was monitored by UVVis and TEM micrograph and they were obtained as spherical and homogenous nanoparticles with a size of ~100 nm by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). Silver nanoparticles, in an IC80 range of 1-2 μg/mL, showed significant antifungal activity against T. rubrum. Cytotoxicity through hemolytic activity against erythrocytes and the viability of V79 fibroblast or HL60 cells showed less toxicity than amphotericin B. The disk diffusion test showed that the silver nanoparticles exerted a similar inhibition zone that amphotericin B by a synergistic effect when added at the same time against T. rubrum culture.

Nanoparticles in treatment of thermal injured rats: Is it safe?

The aim of this study was to assess whether thermal trauma induced oxidative stress altered the balance between oxidant and antioxidant systems in the blood of burn wound rats in the absence and presence of silver nanoparticles and S-nitrosoglutathione, GSNO. Free silver nanoparticles, free GSNO and silver nanoparticles + GSNO had no cytotoxic effects. Under anesthesia, the shaved dorsum of the rats was exposed to 90°C (burn group) water bath. Studied compounds were administered topically immediately and at 28 days after the burn injury, four times a day. Silver nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles + GSNO were no toxic in vitro and in vivo. There were no significant differences in the levels of urea, creatinine, aminotransferases and hematological parameters, in control-burn groups (free silver nanoparticles) and treated-burn groups (free GSNO or silver nanoparticles + GSNO). There were no differences in lipid peroxidation and in the levels of protein carbonyls and glutathione, used as oxidative stress markers. A little inflammatory cell response, papillary dermis vascularization, fibroblasts differentiated into contractile myofibroblasts and the presence of a large amount of extracellular matrix were evidenced in treated groups following skin injury. These results indicate that silver nanoparticles and GSNO may provide an effective action on wound healing.

Contributions for classification of platelet rich plasma – proposal of a new classification: MARSPILL

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a significant therapy used in medical conditions with heterogeneous results. There are some important classifications to try to standardize the PRP procedure. The aim of this report is to describe PRP contents studying celular and molecular components, and also propose a new classification for PRP. The main focus is on mononuclear cells, which comprise progenitor cells and monocytes. In addition, there are important variables related to PRP application incorporated in this study, which are the harvest method, activation, red blood cells, number of spins, image guidance, leukocytes number and light activation. The other focus is the discussion about progenitor cells presence on peripherial blood which are interesting due to neovasculogenesis and proliferation. The function of monocytes (in tissue-macrophages) are discussed here and also its plasticity, a potential property for regenerative medicine treatments.

In vivo toxicity of enoxaparin encapsulated in mucoadhesive nanoparticles: Topical application in a wound healing model

Wound healing comprises four distinct phases and involves many cell events and biologic markers. The use of nanoparticles for topical application has gaining attention due to its deeper penetration in the skin and the retention capacity of the drug in the site of application. In this study the effect and toxicity of mucoadhesive polymeric nanoparticles loaded with enoxaparin was evaluated in in vivo model of skin ulcer. Our results showed an interesting formulation based on mucoadhesive nanoparticles with enoxaparin that improved wound healing without cytotoxicity in vitro in all endpoint evaluated. Then, this semi-solid formulation is a promising option for skin ulcer treatment.

Characterization of PCL and Chitosan Nanoparticles as Carriers of Enoxaparin and Its Antithrombotic Effect in Animal Models of Venous Thrombosis

This study was based on the preparation, characterization, and animal in vivo experiments performed to evaluate nanoparticles of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) and chitosan as carriers of enoxaparin. The nanoparticles were characterized and presented satisfactory results in terms of size, polydispersity, and encapsulation efficiency. Anticoagulant activity of the nanoparticles was maintained for 14 hours when the administration was subcutaneous; however no activity was observed after oral administration. There was a significant reduction in thrombus size, in vivo, for both free and encapsulated enoxaparin in comparison with the control group after subcutaneous administration. Oral administration results however were indifferent. In conclusion, the double emulsion method w/o/w was efficient for enoxaparin encapsulation, producing spherical nanoparticles with high encapsulation efficiency. For in vivo studies, the encapsulated enoxaparin showed a sustained anticoagulant activity for a higher period of time compared to free enoxaparin, with an antithrombotic effect when administered subcutaneously.

Treatment of male pattern alopecia with platelet-rich plasma: a double blind controlled study with analysis of platelet number and growth factor levels

Background: Promising results with platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) in androgenetic alopecia that could be associated with platelet number and growth factor levels were described. Objective: Analyze the platelet countand growth factor levels in PRP and their correlation with hair growth parameters evaluated by using the TrichoScan (Tricholog GmbH, Freiburg, Germany). Methods: A total of 26 patients were randomized to receive 4 subcutaneous injections of PRP or saline. Hair growth, hair density, and percentage of anagen hairs were evaluated by using the TrichoScan method before injection, 15 days after the last injection, and again 3 months after the last injection. Growth factors (platelet‐derived growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor) were measured by the Luminex method (Millipore, Bedford, MA). Results: We demonstrated a significant increase in hair count (P = .0016), hair density (P = .012) and percentage of anagen hairs (P = .007) in the PRP group versus in the control group, without correlation with platelet counts or quantification of the growth factors in PRP. Limitations: Other growth factors that could be related to response to PRP were not evaluated. Conclusion: Our data favor the use of PRP as a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. The lack of association between platelet count, platelet‐derived growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels and clinical improvement suggest that other mechanisms could be involved in this response.