Stephen Schey

Assessment of Fleet Inventory for Naval Air Station Whidbey Island. Task 1

Task 1includes a survey of the inventory of non-tactical fleet vehicles at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island (NASWI) to characterize the fleet. This information and characterization are used to select vehicles for monitoring that takes place during Task 2. This monitoring involves data logging of vehicle operation in order to identify the vehicle’s mission and travel requirements. Individual observations of these selected vehicles provide the basis for recommendations related to PEV adoption. It also identifies whether a battery electric vehicle or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (collectively referred to as PEVs) can fulfill the mission requirements and provide observations related to placement of PEV charging infrastructure. This report provides the results of the assessments and observations of the current non-tactical fleet, fulfilling the Task 1 requirements.

Electric Vehicle Preparedness: Task 2, Identification of Vehicles for Installation of Data Loggers for Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune

In Task 1, a survey was completed of the inventory of non-tactical fleet vehicles at the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune (MCBCL) to characterize the fleet. This information and characterization was used to select vehicles for further monitoring, which involves data logging of vehicle movements in order to identify the vehicle’s mission and travel requirements. Individual observations of these selected vehicles provide the basis for recommendations related to PEV adoption. It also identifies whether a battery electric vehicle or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (collectively referred to as PEVs) can fulfill the mission requirements and provides observations related to placement of PEV charging infrastructure. This report provides the list of vehicles selected by MCBCL and Intertek for further monitoring and fulfills the Task 2 requirements.

Assessment of Charging Infrastructure for Plug-in Electric Vehicles at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune. Task 3

................................................................................................................................................ iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... v ACRONYMS .............................................................................................................................................. xii 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1 2. FLEET VEHICLE PLUG-IN ELECTRIC VEHICLE RECOMMENDATIONS .............................. 2 3. PLUG-IN ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING ................................................................................ 2 3.1 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Design ............................................................................. 3 3.1.1 Charging Components ................................................................................................. 3 3.1.2 Charging Configurations and Ratings ......................................................................... 4 3.2 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Stations............................................................................ 7 3.3 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Installation ...................................................................... 9 3.4 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Advanced Design Considerations ................................. 12 3.4.1 Public Charging Access ............................................................................................. 12 3.4.2 Electric Utility Demand Charges ............................................................................... 12 3.4.3 Storage-Assisted Recharging..................................................................................... 13 3.4.4 Vehicle-to-Grid ......................................................................................................... 14 4. FLEET VEHICLE CHARGING ANALYSIS .................................................................................. 15 4.1 Analysis Background.............................................................................................................. 15 4.2 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Charging Analysis Results – Commands ........................................ 17 4.2.1 Commands Group Recommended Plug-In Electric Vehicles for Monitored Vehicles ..................................................................................................................... 17 4.2.2 Commands Group Available Charge Time ............................................................... 18 4.2.3 Commands Group Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Type Information ............... 19 4.2.4 Commands Group Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Charging Locations ........... 19 4.2.5 Commands Group Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Observations ...................... 21 4.2.6 Commands Group Fleet Summary ............................................................................ 22 4.3 Analysis Results – Marine Corps Installations East Group .................................................... 22 4.3.1 Marine Corps Installations East Group Recommended Plug-In Electric Vehicles for Monitored Vehicles ............................................................................... 22 4.3.2 Marine Corps Installations East Group Available Charge Time ............................... 23 4.3.3 Marine Corps Installations East Group Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Type Recommendation .............................................................................................. 25

AVTA Federal Fleet PEV Readiness Data Logging and Characterization Study: Final Report

................................................................................................................................................ iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... v ACRONYMS .............................................................................................................................................. xii 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1 2. PROJECT OBJECTIVE ..................................................................................................................... 2 3. METHODS ......................................................................................................................................... 3 3.1 Fleet Vehicle Survey ................................................................................................................ 3 3.2 Data Collection ........................................................................................................................ 4 3.2.1 Data Logger ................................................................................................................ 4 3.2.2 Data Captured ............................................................................................................. 4 3.3 Data Analysis ........................................................................................................................... 5 3.3.1 Definitions ................................................................................................................... 5 3.3.2 Data Evaluation ........................................................................................................... 5 4. VEHICLES ......................................................................................................................................... 6 4.1 Vehicle Missions ...................................................................................................................... 6 4.2 Alternative Fuel Vehicles ......................................................................................................... 7 4.3 Battery Electric Vehicle and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Benefits and Challenges ................................................................................................................................ 8 4.3.1 Battery Electric Vehicle Benefits/Challenges ............................................................. 8 4.3.2 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Benefits/Challenges ................................................. 8 4.4 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Availability ....................................................................................... 9 4.5 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Charging ......................................................................................... 11 4.5.1 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Design .............................................................. 11 4.5.2 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Stations ............................................................ 15 5. NATIONAL AGENCIES MISSION ANALYSIS ........................................................................... 16 5.1 Analyzed Fleet Summary ....................................................................................................... 16 5.2 Pool Vehicle Mission Analysis .............................................................................................. 20 5.2.1 General Vehicle Information .................................................................................... 20

AVTA Federal Fleet PEV Readiness Data Logging and Characterization Study for NASA Stennis Space Center

................................................................................................................................................ iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... v ACRONYMS .............................................................................................................................................. xii 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1 2. PROJECT OBJECTIVE ..................................................................................................................... 1 3. METHODS ......................................................................................................................................... 3 3.1 Fleet Vehicle Survey ................................................................................................................ 3 3.2 Data Collection ........................................................................................................................ 4 3.2.1 Data Logger ................................................................................................................ 4 3.2.2 Data Captured ............................................................................................................. 4 3.3 Data Analysis ........................................................................................................................... 5 3.3.1 Definitions ................................................................................................................... 5 3.3.2 Data Evaluation ........................................................................................................... 5 4. VEHICLES ......................................................................................................................................... 6 4.1 Vehicle Missions ...................................................................................................................... 6 4.2 Alternative Fuel Vehicles ......................................................................................................... 6 4.3 Battery Electric Vehicle and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Benefits/Challenges ............... 7 4.3.1 Battery Electric Vehicle Benefits/Challenges ............................................................. 8 4.3.2 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Benefits/Challenges ................................................. 8 4.4 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Availability ....................................................................................... 9 4.5 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Charging ......................................................................................... 11 4.5.1 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Design .............................................................. 11 4.5.2 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Stations ............................................................ 14 5. NASA STENNIS SPACE CENTER ANALYSIS ........................................................................... 15 5.1 Survey Results ........................................................................................................................ 15 5.2 Data Validity .......................................................................................................................... 16 5.3 Stennis Pool Vehicles Evaluation .......................................................................................... 17

Utilization Assessment of Target Electrification Vehicles at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune. Task 3

................................................................................................................................................ iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... v 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 21 2. METHODS ....................................................................................................................................... 21 2.1 Fleet Vehicle Survey .............................................................................................................. 21 2.2 Data Collection ...................................................................................................................... 25 2.2.1 Data Logger .............................................................................................................. 25 2.2.2 Data Captured ........................................................................................................... 26 2.3 Data Analysis ......................................................................................................................... 26 2.3.1 Definitions ................................................................................................................. 26 2.3.2 Data Evaluation ......................................................................................................... 26 3. VEHICLES ....................................................................................................................................... 27 3.1 Vehicle Missions .................................................................................................................... 27 3.2 Alternative Fuel Vehicles ....................................................................................................... 28 3.3 Battery Electric Vehicle and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Benefits/Challenges ............ 29 3.3.1 Battery Electric Vehicle Benefits/Challenges ........................................................... 29 3.3.2 Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Benefits/Challenges .............................................. 30 3.4 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Availability ..................................................................................... 30 3.5 Plug-In Electric Specialty Vehicles ....................................................................................... 33 3.6 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Charging ......................................................................................... 33 3.6.1 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Design .............................................................. 33 3.6.2 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Stations ............................................................ 37 4. MARINE CORPS BASE CAMP LEJEUNE ANALYSIS .............................................................. 38 4.1 Analysis Results – Commands ............................................................................................... 38 4.1.1 Commands Support Vehicles Evaluation .................................................................. 39 4.1.2 Commands Fleet Vehicles Mileage .......................................................................... 42 4.1.3 Commands Fleet Summary ....................................................................................... 43 4.2 Analysis Results – Marine Corps Installations East Fleet ...................................................... 43

Implementation Approach for Plug-in Electric Vehicles at Joint Base Lewis McChord. Task 4

iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY v ACRONYMS xii 1. INTRODUCTION 13 2. NON-TACTICAL VEHICLES 14 2.1 Fleet Vehicle Survey 14 2.2 Vehicle Missions 15 2.3 General Services Administration Vehicle Replacement Requirements 16 2.4 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Availability 17 2.5 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Charging 19 3. VEHICLE MISSION REPLACEMENT GUIDANCE 20 3.1 Background and Methods 20 3.2 Pool Mission Guidance 20 3.3 Support Mission Guidance 21 3.4 Transport Mission Guidance 22 3.5 Enforcement Mission Guidance 23 4. JOINT BASE LEWIS McCHORD REPLACEMENT APPROACH 23 4.1 Joint Base Lewis McChord Summary Replacement Approach 24 4.1.1 Replacement Approach for Sedans 26 4.1.2 Replacement Approach for Non-Sedan Vehicles 27 4.2 Analysis Results – 6th MP Group 27 4.2.1 Replacement Approach for 6th MP Group Sedans 28 4.2.2 Replacement Approach for 6th MP Group Non-Sedan Vehicles 28 4.3 Analysis Results – Directorate of Community Activities Support Group 28 4.3.1 Replacement Approach for the Directorate of Community Activities Support Group Sedans 29 4.3.2 Replacement Approach for the Directorate of Community Activities Support Group Non-Sedan Vehicles 30

AVTA Federal Fleet PEV Readiness Data Logging and Characterization Study for the National Park Service: Golden Gate National Recreation Area

iv ACRONYMS x 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. PROJECT OBJECTIVE 2 3. METHODS 3 3.1 Fleet Vehicle Survey 3 3.2 Data Collection 4 3.2.1 Data Logger 4 3.2.2 Data Captured 5 3.3 Data Analysis 5 3.3.1 Definitions 5 3.3.2 Data Evaluation 6 4. VEHICLES 6 4.1 Vehicle Missions 6 4.2 Alternative Fuel Vehicles 7 4.3 BEV and PHEV Benefits/Challenges 7 4.3.1 Battery Electric Vehicle/Electric Vehicle Benefits/Challenges 8 4.3.2 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Benefits/Challenges 9 4.4 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Availability 9 4.5 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Charging 11 4.5.1 Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Design 11 4.5.2 Electric Vehicle Support Equipment Stations 15 5. GOLDEN GATE NATIONAL RECREATION AREA ANALYSIS 16 5.1 Survey Results 16 5.2 Data Validity 17 5.3 Law Enforcement Vehicles Evaluation 17 5.3.1 Survey and Site Information 17 5.3.2 Summary for Law Enforcement Vehicles 17

AVTA Federal Fleet PEV Readiness Data Logging and Characterization Study for the National Park Service: Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore

This report focuses on the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore (SLBE) fleet to identify daily operational characteristics of select vehicles and report findings on vehicle and mission characterizations to support the successful introduction of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) into the agencies’ fleets. Individual observations of these selected vehicles provide the basis for recommendations related to electric vehicle adoption and whether a battery electric vehicle (BEV) or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) (collectively plug-in electric vehicles, or PEVs) can fulfill the mission requirements.

AVTA Federal Fleet PEV Readiness Data Logging and Characterization Study for National Institute of Health

This report focuses on the National Institute of Health (NIH) fleet to identify daily operational characteristics of select vehicles and report findings on vehicle and mission characterizations to support the successful introduction of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) into the agencies’ fleets. Individual observations of these selected vehicles provide the basis for recommendations related to electric vehicle adoption and whether a battery electric vehicle (BEV) or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) (collectively plug-in electric vehicles, or PEVs) can fulfill the mission requirements.