Sudershan Sharma

Giant cell tumor of soft tissue: Cytological diagnosis of a case.

Giant cell tumors of soft tissue (GCT-STs) are rare neoplasms and are mainly seen in adults and in the elderly population, usually in the extremities. When evaluated along with clinical features, the cytological features are sufficient to distinguish GCT-STs from other more common tumors with giant cell morphology. We report here a case of a giant cell tumor of soft tissue diagnosed on the basis of fine needle aspiration cytology and confirmed after histopathology.

Cytodiagnosis of herpes simplex mastitis: Report of a rare case

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a rare cause of breast infection. Few cases of maternal-infant transmission of the virus during breastfeeding resulting in nipple lesions have been documented. Only three cases have been reported in nonlactating women. We report an additional case of HSV mastitis in a 36-year-old nonlactating female who was diagnosed on scrape cytology smears.

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in an ovarian mature cystic teratoma

Malignant transformation in a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is rare. We describe a case of advanced-stage squamous cell carcinoma arising from a mature cystic teratoma in a 63-year-old postmenopausal woman. The initial investigation by ultrasound showed a left adnexal mass with mixed echo pattern, which arose the suspension of malignancy. She underwent a hysterectomy with left salpingo-oophorectomy for the removal of ovarian cyst. Histopathology was compatible with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma. The tumor was invading the fallopian tube as well as serosa and myometrium of the uterus. Subsequently, she underwent two courses of combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil with no response. She died from progression of the disease, within 1 year after the initial operation.

Pleural effusion: Role of pleural fluid cytology, adenosine deaminase level, and pleural biopsy in diagnosis

Objective: The present study is designed to evaluate the role of pleural fluid analysis in diagnosing pleural diseases and to study the advantages and disadvantages of thoracocentasis and pleural biopsy. Materials and Methods: We prospectively included 66 consecutive indoor patients over a duration of 1 year. Pleural fluid was collected and cytological smears were made from the fluid. Plural biopsy was done in the same patient by Cope needle. Adequate pleural biopsy tissue yielding specific diagnosis was obtained in 47 (71.2%) cases. Results: Tuberculosis was the commonest nonneoplastic lesion followed by chronic nonspecific pleuritis comprising 60% and 33.3% of the nonneoplastic cases respectively and tuberculosis was predominantly diagnosed in the younger age group. Majority (70.8%) of malignancy cases were in the age group of >50-70. Adenocarcinoma was found to be the commonest (66.7%) malignant neoplasm in the pleurae followed by small-cell carcinoma (20.8%). Conclusion: Pleural biopsy is a useful and minimally invasive procedure. It is more sensitive and specific than pleural fluid smears.

Mature cystic teratoma involving the left adrenal gland with complete colonic wall formation in a 24-year-old female: A rare case report

Teratoma arising from the adrenal gland is a rare retroperitoneal tumor. Only a few cases, mostly in young patients have been reported. Mature cystic teratomas of the adrenal gland frequently contain intestinal type epithelium, but they are rarely associated with complete intestinal wall formation. We herein describe an exceptionally rare case of left adrenal teratoma with complete colonic wall development in a 24-year-old female.

Plasmacytoma with amyloidosis masquerding as tuberculosis on cytology.

Amyloid material on lymph node cytology smears can mimic caseous necrosis. We report one such case where a 50-year-old lady presented with a nasal mass and cervical lymphadenopathy. Fine needle aspiration cytology smears of the cervical lymph node were interpreted as tuberculous lymphadenitis based on the presence of an occasional epithelioid cell and caseous material. The patient did not respond to antituberculous therapy and was revaluated. Repeat aspiration from the lymph node showed numerous plasma cells and myeloma cells in addition to the amorphous material which was confirmed to be amyloid on staining with congo red. A diagnosis of plasmacytoma with amyloidosis was rendered. Imprint smears from nasal mass, detailed hematology workup and subsequent histology confirmed the diagnosis.

Cytological, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of merkel cell carcinoma- A case report

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, potentially aggressive primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma. MCC commonly occurs on sun-exposed skin in fair-skinned elderly individuals. It usually presents as a banal-appearing lesion, and the diagnosis is rarely suspected at the time of biopsy. We describe the cytomorphologic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of MCC in a 76-year-old male patient presenting with rapidly evolving large red raised lesion over cheek for 1 month. Cytohistopathological evaluation suggested MCC. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells were negative for leukocyte common antigen, S-100 protein, HMB45, and cytokeratin 20 and positive for neuron specific enolase. Because of the documented aggressiveness and rising incidence, early diagnosis of this rare tumor is necessary for the management of MCC.

Cytology and histopathology of an unusual neck mass: Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas (EMCs) are rare soft tissue tumors with estimated incidence of 2.3% among all soft tissue sarcomas. Most of these tumors occur in the extremities with only a few cases reported in the head and neck region. Histologically, these tumors exhibit a broad spectrum of morphologic features, which make distinction from other neoplasms difficult, particularly when the tumor occurs at an unusual anatomic location. We present a case report of a 55-year-old male with colloid goiter who presented with a recent increase in his long-standing anterior neck swelling. A computed tomography scan demonstrated a cartilaginous lesion in the soft tissue of the neck. Subsequent cytological and histological examination revealed EMC.

A case of bronchial/lung carcinoid cytological, histological and immunohistochemical corroboration

Lung carcinoids tumors are uncommon tumors that start in the lung. They tend to grow slower than other types of lung cancers. Carcinoids tumors start from cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system. It is widely recognized that cytology is superior to small biopsy in diagnosing small cell lung carcinoma since the crush artefacts limiting small biopsy interpretation is minimized in cytology. Similarly, carcinoids can be accurately diagnosed in cytology and small biopsy specimen. A correct preoperative cytological diagnosis helps in planning early and optimal surgery. We received the fine-needle aspiration cytology sample of bronchial mass of 46-year-old patient presenting with cough and hemoptysis for 2 months. Diagnosis of carcinoid tumor was given on cytology that was confirmed on histopathology and immunohistochemistry.

Cytological diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast: A rare case report

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the breast is a rare neoplasm and is known to have an excellent prognosis. We are presenting a case of ACC of the breast in a 59-year-old female diagnosed preoperatively by fine-needle aspiration cytology.