Suleyman Ozen

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester prevents intestinal reperfusion injury in rats

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Ischemia-reperfusion injury is encountered frequently in conditions that diminish intestinal blood flow. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), which is a specific component of the honeybee hive product propolis, exhibits potential antioxidant properties. This experimental study was designed to determine the effect of CAPE on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat intestine. METHODS Fifty rats were divided into 5 groups; sham (SH), saline ischemia (SI), saline reperfusion (SR), CAPE ischemia (CI), and CAPE reperfusion (CR). Either CAPE, 10 micromol/kg, or saline was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before ischemia. Intestinal ischemia for 30 minutes and reperfusion for 60 minutes were applied. Ileum specimens were obtained to determine the tissue levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and histological changes. RESULTS Malondialdehyde levels in the CR group did not increase after reperfusion when compared with the CI group. However, statistically significant differences were observed between the SR and SI groups. Additional mucosal injury in the CR group when compared with the CI group was not observed. Whereas, there was a statistically significant increase in mucosal injury in the SR group. Reperfusion did not cause further injuries through both biochemical and histological parameters in the CR group. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study showed that prophylactic administration of CAPE in ischemic condition prevents reperfusion injuries by eliminating oxygen radicals and inhibiting polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration. CAPE may be useful in combating the diseases of oxidative stress.

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester to inhibit posterior capsule opacification in rabbits

Purpose: To assess whether caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) prevents posterior capsule opacification (PCO) by suppressing the transformation of the lens epithelial cells. Setting: Departments of Ophthalmology, Chemistry, and Pathology, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, University of Inonu, Malatya, Turkey. Methods: Twenty pigmented island rabbits having phacoemulsification in their right eyes were randomized into two groups. In Group 1, 10 Fig/ml of CAPE was added to the anterior chamber irrigating solution and a 1 % solution of CAPE was injected subconjunctivally for 3 weeks postoperatively. The irrigating solution in Group 2 (control) did not include CAPE. The development of PCO was assessed weekly and its density was graded by slitlamp biomicroscopy. Histologic analysis was performed 3 months after surgery. Results: Group 1 had clear capsules or minor PCO. Group 2 developed more severe PCO or complete opacification. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P = .04). Conclusion: These preliminary results indicate that CAPE is effective in suppressing PCO in pigmented rabbits and may be beneficial in clinical use in humans because it has no documented harmful effects on normal cells.

Effects of hyaluronic acid on postoperative adhesion of tendo calcaneus surgery: an experimental study in rats.

Adhesions are a significant problem after tendon surgery. The effects of hyaluronic acid on adhesion formation of the tendo calcaneus were investigated in this study. Twenty Wistar rats were utilized. Both tendo calcanei were incised transversely, and then repaired. Hyaluronic acid (0.2 cc) was injected into peritendinous tissue on the right side, while the same amount of normal saline was injected to the left side as a control. The animals were sacrificed 40days after the experiment. Both the right and left tendon adhesions were evaluated both macroscopically and microscopically for the presence of adhesions (grading scale 0-4). Throughout the experimental period, there was no difference in range of motion of the ankle between the two groups. Macroscopically, there were fewer adhesions in the experimental group (mean 0.6 +/- 0.8) compared to the controls (mean 1.1 +/- 0.2). This difference was not statistically significant (p = .096). Histopathologically, these parameters were similar in both the experimental (mean 1.15 +/- 0.98) and the control groups (mean 1.9 +/- 1.25). This difference was significant (p = .043). Hyaluronic acid may be effective for prevention of adhesions in the tendo calcaneus though this effect could not be demonstrated experimentally.

Protective Effect of Sildenafil (Viagra) in Transient Spinal Cord Ischemia

Prospective study of the neuroprotective activity of sildenafil in a rat spinal ischemia model. The present study involved 21 male Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were divided into 3 groups. Physiological serum was administered intraperitoneally to the 8 rats in the control group at the beginning of reperfusion for a period of 20 min after abdominal aortal occlusion. Sildenafil (Viagra®) was administered as a single 10-mg/kg/day intraperitoneal dose to the 8 rats in the sildenafil group at the beginning of reperfusion after 20 min of abdominal aortal occlusion. No occlusion was performed and no agent was administered to the 5 rats in the sham group, but the abdominal aorta was reached by means of surgical intervention. Before the animals were sacrificed, several physiological and biochemical parameters were investigated, preoperative and postoperative motor functions were also assessed, and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) monitoring and histopathological examinations were carried out. No differences were found between the physiological and biochemical parameters in each of the 3 groups. Neurological scoring performed after reperfusion demonstrated a significant improvement in the neurological results relative to those of the control group over 48 h in subjects that received sildenafil. These animals also showed better 24-hour SEP results, measured in terms of extended latency and decreased amplitude, than the control animals. A histopathological study showed reduced ischemic symptoms in rats that received sildenafil compared with those in the control group. However, no anomalies were observed in the sham group with respect to the histopathological and neurological findings. These results indicate that neurological damage due to spinal-cord ischemia-reperfusion injury can be reduced by sildenafil.

MR findings in cardiac hydatid cyst

We report a case of a 23-year-old man with a cardiac hydatid cyst involving the left ventricle wall. The diagnosis of the cyst was obtained by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. He was operated on for cardiac hydatid cyst using enucleation and capitonnage procedure under extracorporeal circulation. Histopathologic study confirmed hydatid cyst diagnosis.

Expression of laminin receptor 1 in human placentas from normal and preeclamptic pregnancies and its relationship with the severity of preeclampsia.

Abstract Objectives: To investigate the expression of laminin receptor 1 (LR1), a non-integrin-type laminin receptor, in preeclamptic and normal third-trimester placentas, as well as to investigate whether its expression differs with disease severity. Study design: Third trimester placental samples obtained from deliveries of preeclamptic (n=34) and normotensive healthy pregnant women (n=35) were immunohistochemically studied for the expression of LR1. The placentas from both mild (n=14) and severe (n=20) preeclamptic pregnancies were further assessed for strength of LR1 expression according to disease severity. Results: When compared with normal placentas, the staining with LR1 protein in cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts was lower in preeclamptic placentas (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The intensity of staining with LR1 in decidual cells, cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts, and extracellular matrix cells of preeclamptic placentas did not vary with disease severity (P>0.05). Conclusions: Decreased LR1 expression in cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts of preeclamptic placentas, which may be independent of disease severity, might have a role in shallow trophoblastic invasion in preeclampsia.

Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia Originating from Ethmoid Bone: Treatment with Endoscopic Approach

We present a case of monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the ethmoidal sinus in an 11-year-old boy. This condition is of interest to the otorhinolaryngologist because of the difficulty of differential diagnosis and treatment. This tumorlike growth was not restricted to the right ethmoidal sinus, but also compressed the orbit and the globe. Endoscopic and transnasal removal of the mass with a drill was performed under general anesthesia. No residual tumor was observed 6 months later.

Effects of topical chlorhexidine applied to the rabbit nasal mucosa.

OBJECTIVE To search the effects of administration of various concentrations of a wide-spectrum antimicrobial agent, chlorhexidine, to the nasal mucosa. MATERIAL AND METHODS About 0.20, 0.12, 0.06 and 0.03% concentrations of chlorhexidine gluconate were applied to the rabbit nasal mucosa as one puff twice a day throughout 5 days. Another group, treated with serum saline to the nose, behaved as the control group. On the fifth day following drug administration, specimens were taken from nasal mucosa of the rabbits and examined under light microscope. RESULTS As a result of comparison between drug treated group and control group, with increasing drug concentrations progressively increased neutrophil infiltration in mucosa, ciliary loss in cells, and occasional metaplasia were observed. CONCLUSION There is a linear, positive and strong association between concentrations of chlorhexidine and its irritative effects on rabbit nasal mucosa. While 0.20 and 0.12% concentrations of chlorhexidine cause excess irritation on the nasal cavity, 0.06 and 0.03% concentrations of chlorhexidine gluconate causes lower irritation and effects on the animals which have experimentally induced rhinosinusitis must be evaluated.

A Case of Disseminated and Recurrent Infundibulofolliculitis Responsive to Treatment with Systemic Isotretinoin

We report a 16‐year‐old Turkish patient who developed disseminated and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis (DRIF) and responded well to systemic isotretinoin therapy after three months.

Giant pedunculated leiomyoma of the vulva in full-term pregnancy: is spontaneous vaginal delivery possible?

Smooth muscle tumors of the vulva are rare and usually originate from the smooth muscle within the walls of the blood vessel, the round ligament, erectile tissue, erector pili muscle and the dartos muscle [1]. A 40-year-old Turkish G11 P10 female presented with a vulvar mass at 39 weeks of gestation while she was in active labor. Vaginal examination revealed the cervix to be fully dilated and almost completely eVaced. The head was at station 0, in the left occiput anterior position. Since the patient had not contacted antenatal services, the fetal weight could not be estimated before labor. Also, neither the mass was diagnosed nor delivery issues could be anticipated and planned during the antenatal period. Clinically, the mass was considered to represent a leiomyoma and was planned to be excised after delivery. The patient was immediately taken to the delivery room where she gave parturition to a healthy 3,500 g baby by normal vaginal delivery without any complication. Surgical exploration revealed a giant subcutaneous pedunculated mass involving the right labium major without invasion of the skin, vagina or rectum (Fig. 1a). The large mass, extending through the right inguinal canal proximally toward the abdomen, was exposed by carefully dissecting away the overlying skin. Therefore, a laparotomy was performed to observe its relationship with the abdominal cavity and to facilitate a safe dissection in the inguinal canal. It was observed that the mass did not extend into the abdominal cavity. After dissecting the mass from the surrounding tissues, its peduncle in the inguinal canal was clamped and excised (Fig. 1b). After removal of the mass, the cavity was Wlled by displacing some vulvar subcutaneous fatty tissue. Then, redundant vulvar skin was excised and the remaining skin edges were sutured (Fig. 1c). At the end of surgery, natural vulvar appearance was achieved (Fig. 1d). The postoperative course of the patient was uneventful. The excised mass measured 9 £ 6 £ 5 cm. The cut surface had a thin capsule and was uniformly solid beige in color with a Wbrillar and degenerative pattern. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that tumor cells were positive for smooth muscle actin and negative for S-100 protein and desmin. The staining proWle was consistent with a tumor of smooth muscle origin, and the overall histological features were most consistent with a leiomyoma. We searched Pubmed in April 2010 using the keywords “leiomyoma”, “vulva” and “pregnancy” and found only 11 cases of leiomyomas of the vulva presented in pregnancy [2, 3]. Kajiwara et al. [3] and Zhou et al. [2] discussed their cases of vulvar leiomyomas diagnosed in early pregnancy (at the gestational ages of 4 and 5 weeks, relatively) along with a literature review. Kajiwara et al. [3] excised a 4.0 £ 4.0 £ 4.5 cm mass before the patient gave birth. In the presented case of Zhou et al. [2], the pregnancy ended The manuscript was presented as an e-poster at the 8th National Congress of Gynecology and Obstetrics held on 18–23 May 2010 in Antalya, Turkey.