Sung-Mo Jung

Effect of magnetic field on reduction of magnetite

The reduction behaviour of magnetite oxide by hydrogen below Curie temperature was investigated in the presence of external magnetic field by thermogravimetric analysis. The reduction rate of magnetite powder increased with increasing external magnetic field strength below Curie temperature of magnetite. In order to figure out the effect of external magnetic field on reduction of magnetite, two types of magnetite, powder and pellet, were studied. It was possible to enhance the reduction rate of magnetite powder, because the particles of magnetite in the presence of an external magnetic field exposed more surface to the reducing gas. The effects of reduction temperature, reducing agent, iron oxide type, particle size and specimen shape on the metallisation behaviour of magnetite were visually clarified below the Curie temperature under the influence of external magnetic field. Despite of the increase in reduction degree by applied magnetic field, the rate controlling step was not changed due to the formation of porous metallic iron layer that keeps the path for reducing agent to approach the unreduced iron oxide in the core of magnetite particle.

Distribution Behavior of Phosphorus and Metallization of Iron Oxide in Carbothermic Reduction of High-Phosphorus Iron Ore

Distribution behavior of phosphorus and metallization of iron ore in the carbothermic reduction of high-phosphorus iron ore were investigated. Reduction degree of the iron oxide was evaluated by quadruple mass spectrometry connected to thermogravimetric analysis. The distribution of some elements including phosphorus was examined by electron probe micro-analyzer mapping analyses. The reduction behavior of high-phosphorus iron ore was evaluated as a function of reduction temperature, C/O molar ratio, and CaO addition. High reduction temperature accelerated the reduction of both iron oxide and hydroxylapatite, and high C/O molar ratio also promotes both of them. Those were contradictory to the targets of higher reduction degree of iron oxide and of lower one of hydroxylapatite. It was confirmed that appropriate amount of CaO addition could enhance the reduction of iron oxide, and regulate the reduction of hydroxylapatite.

Kinetic study on carbothermic reduction of MnO2 with graphite

The carbothermic reduction of MnO2 with graphite has been investigated for the reduction mechanism in the temperature range of 1000–1300°C. Although several researchers studied the reduction step from MnO2 to MnO, it was attempted to employ the in situ testing of reduction behaviour with the analysis of product gas composition simultaneously from the different points of view. The overall reduction rate increased with temperature, which was controlled by the carbon gasification. It is because the reduction rate of MnO2 to MnO was much faster than the carbon gasification at the experimental temperatures. This was confirmed by the generation of negligible amount of CO compared with CO2 in the analysis of product gases. Furthermore, the results could explain the difficult formation of manganese carbide from MnO2 in contrast with the carbide formation from pure MnO.

Effects of Various Slag Systems on Metal/Slag Separation of CCA and Slag Composition on Desulfurization and Dephosphorization of Iron Nugget

The reduction experiment of iron ore containing high Alumina content with petroleum coke was carried out in the temperature range of 1673 to 1773K by changing the slag composition. The sulfur and phosphorous content in the reduced iron nugget were measured to investigate the desulfurization and dephosphorization behavior during the reduction. The mineralogy of iron ore and additives to the carbon composite agglomerate (CCA) highly influenced on not only the reduction itself but also the melting, carburization, metal-slag separation, desulfurization and dephosphorization. High basicity of slag retarded the melting of CCA and the metal-slag separation, but enhanced sulfur and phosphorous removal degrees in the separated metal.