Sung Youl Hyun

Costal osteochondroma presenting as haemothorax and diaphragmatic laceration

We report the unusual case of an 11-year-old girl who suffered a large haemothorax and lacerated left hemidiaphragm because of a costal osteochondroma arising from the left sixth rib near the costochondral junction. Surgical excision of the osteochondroma was performed and the lacerated diaphragm was repaired.

Combined epidural emphysema and nonsurgical pneumoperitoneum after blunt trauma: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Epidural emphysema is a rare condition, and when occurs in isolation it is usually benign and resolves spontaneously after the underlying cause has been treated. Epidural emphysema is usually accompanied by pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema, or pneumomediastinum. In addition, nonsurgical (benign) pneumoperitoneum is a state of the presence of air in the peritoneal space, not requiring surgical intervention. Although nonsurgical pneumoperitoneum can arise in different ways, generally pneumomediastinum or pneumothorax is observed in cases with an intrathoracic source. We report two cases of combined traumatic epidural emphysema and nonsurgical pneumoperitoneum in patients with pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and extensive subcutaneous emphysema after blunt trauma.

Detection of blebs and bullae in patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax by multi-detector CT reconstruction using different slice thicknesses

The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performances of multi‐detector computed tomography (MDCT) reconstruction at two different slice thicknesses (1u2009mm, ‘high resolution’ vs. 5u2009mm, ‘routine’) with respect to the detection of blebs and bullae (BBs) in patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP).

Performance on the APACHE II, SAPS II, SOFA and the OHCA score of post-cardiac arrest patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia

Objective This study assessed the ability of the Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) score to predict the outcome of OHCA patients who underwent therapeutic hypothermia (TH). Methods This study included OHCA patients treated with TH between January 2010 and December 2013. The APACHE II score, SAPS II, and SOFA score were calculated at the time of admission and 24 h and 48 h after intensive care unit admission. The OHCA score was calculated at the time of admission. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate outcome predictability. Results Data from a total of 173 patients were included in the analysis. The APACHE II score at 0 h and 48 h, SAPS II at 48 h, and OHCA score had moderate discrimination for mortality (AUC: 0.715, 0.750, 0.720, 0.740). For neurologic outcomes, the APACHE II score at 0 h and 48 h, SAPS II at 0 h and 48 h, and OHCA score showed moderate discrimination (AUC: 0.752, 0.738, 0.771, 0.771, 0.764). The APACHE II score, SAPS II and SOFA score at various time points, in addition to the OHCA score, were independent predictors of mortality and a poor neurologic outcome. Conclusions The APACHE II score, SAPS II, SOFA score, and OHCA score have different capabilities in discriminating and estimating hospital mortality and neurologic outcomes. The OHCA score, APACHE II score and SAPS II at time zero and 48 h offer moderate predictive accuracy. Other scores at 0 h and 48 h, except for the SOFA score, are independently associated with 30-day mortality and poor cerebral performance.