Supri Abdul Ghani

Properties of Chicken Feather Fiber-Filled Low-Density Polyethylene Composites: The Effect of Polyethylene Grafted Maleic Anhydride

The effects of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride on tensile properties, morphology, thermal degradation, and swelling behavior of low density polyethylene/chicken feather fiber composites were studied. The LDPE/CFF composites were prepared using a Z-Blade mixer at 180°C and rotor speed of 50 rpm for 15 min. LDPE/CFF/PEgMAH composites exhibit higher tensile strength, Youngs modulus, and final decomposition temperature, but lower mass swell percentage and elongation at break than LDPE/CFF composites. SEM morphology showed that the chicken feather fiber more widely dispersed in the LDPE matrix with the addition of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride as a coupling agent. It was also found that the addition of PEgMAH offers better thermal stability in LDPE/CFF/PEgMAH composites than LDPE/CFF composites.

Properties of Tyre Dust-Filled Low Density Polyethylene Composites: The Effect of Phthalic Anhydride

The effect of phthalic anhydride as a new coupling agent on the properties of low density polyethylene/tyre dust (LDPE/TD) composites was studied. LDPE/TD composites with different tyre dust filler loading and the addition of phthalic anhydride were prepared with Z-blade mixer. The result indicated that LDPE/TDM composites with phthalic anhydride show higher tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, thermal stability and swelling resistance than LDPE/TD composites. The interfacial adhesion between LDPE and TD was improved with the addition of phthalic anhydride as evidenced by the morphological study.

Properties of Poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(ethylene oxide)/polyaniline Conductive Films: The Effect of Poly(ethylene glycol) Diglycidyl Ether

ABSTRACT The effect of polyaniline and poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether on tensile properties, morphology, thermal degradation, and electrical conductivity of poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(ethylene oxide)/polyaniline conductive films was studied. The poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(ethylene oxide)/polyaniline conductive films were prepared using a solution casting technique at room temperature until a homogeneous solution was produced. Poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(ethylene oxide)/polyaniline/poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether conductive films exhibit higher electrical properties, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity but lower final decomposition temperature than poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(ethylene oxide)/polyaniline conductive films. Scanning electron microscopy morphology showed that the polyaniline more widely dispersed in the poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(ethylene oxide) blends with the addition of poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether as surface modifier. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Comparison study of carbon black (CB) used as conductive filler in epoxy and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)

Abstract A comparison study between carbon black (CB) filled thermoset (epoxy) and thermoplastic, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), was done in this research. CB was introduced as the conductive filler in epoxy and PMMA at different filler loading, which ranged from 5 vol.% to 20 vol.%. The physical, mechanical, electrical and thermal stability properties were investigated. The incorporation of CB into both epoxy and PMMA increased the density, improved the thermal stability and electrical conductivity of the composites, reduced the coefficient of thermal expansion and weakened the flexural and fracture toughness properties of the composites.

Effect of Heat Assisted Bath Sonication on the Mechanical and Thermal Deformation Behaviours of Graphene Nanoplatelets Filled Epoxy Polymer Composites

Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) filled epoxy composites ranged from 0.2 to 5 vol.% were prepared in this study using simple heat assisted bath sonication for better GNP dispersion and exfoliation. The effects of GNP filler loading via heat assisted bath sonication on the mechanical properties and thermal deformation behaviour were investigated. Improvements on flexural strength and fracture toughness up to 0.4 vol.% filler loading were recorded. Further addition of GNP filler loading shows a deteriorating behaviour on the mechanical properties on the composites. The bulk electrical conductivity of the epoxy composites is greatly improved with the addition of GNP filler loading up to 1 vol.%. The thermal expansion of epoxy composites is reduced with the addition of GNP; however poor thermal stability of the composites is observed.

Effect of ferric chloride on the electrical conductivity and characterization of polyethylene oxide/polyvinyl chloride/polyaniline conductive films

In this work, we present an exclusive study on the effect of Ferric chloride (FeCl3) on the electrical conductivity and characterizations of polyethylene oxide (PEO)/polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/polyaniline (PAni) conductive films. The objective of this paper is to improve the electrical conductivity of PEO/PVC/PAni conductive films with the addition of ferric chloride (FeCl3) as oxidants. PEO/PVC/PAni conductive films and PEO/PVC/PAni-FeCl3 conductive films were examined based on electrical conductivity, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). It is shown that the electrical conductivity of PEO/PVC/PAni conductive films increased with increasing PAni loading and further increased with the introduction of FeCl3. The SEM images reveal PAni agglomerations in the PEO/PVC matrix at higher PAni loadings. Lastly, the structures of the conductive films with the effect of PAni, FeCl3 were revealed by the FTIR study.In this work, we present an exclusive study on the effect of Ferric chloride (FeCl3) on the electrical conductivity and characterizations of polyethylene oxide (PEO)/polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/polyaniline (PAni) conductive films. The objective of this paper is to improve the electrical conductivity of PEO/PVC/PAni conductive films with the addition of ferric chloride (FeCl3) as oxidants. PEO/PVC/PAni conductive films and PEO/PVC/PAni-FeCl3 conductive films were examined based on electrical conductivity, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). It is shown that the electrical conductivity of PEO/PVC/PAni conductive films increased with increasing PAni loading and further increased with the introduction of FeCl3. The SEM images reveal PAni agglomerations in the PEO/PVC matrix at higher PAni loadings. Lastly, the structures of the conductive films with the effect of PAni, FeCl3 were revealed by the FTIR study.

Enhancement of Electrical Conductivity and Tensile Properties of Conductive Poly(vinyl Chloride)/Poly(ethylene Oxide)/Polyaniline Conductive Composite Films: Effect of Polyaniline Loading and Ethylene Dimethacrylate

The effect of ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) as a surface modifier and polyaniline (PAni) loading on poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) matrix was investigated. PVC/PEO conductive composite films with different PAni loading were fabricated using solution casting technique. The inclusion of EDMA exhibited higher tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and electrical properties for all filler loadings of PVC/PEO/PAni conductive composite films. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology indicated that the inclusion of EDMA in conductive films provided decent fillers dispersion in the PVC/PEO phases. The structural modifications, if occurred, will be interpreted with the assistance of FTIR spectroscopy.

Effects of Ferric Chloride and Polyaniline Addition on the Properties of Polyethylene Oxide/Polyvinyl Chloride/Polyaniline Conductive Films

Polyethylene oxide (PEO)/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blends with 2.5– 10 wt% polyaniline (PAni) loadings were fabricated with and without the presence of ferric chloride (FeCl3). PEO/PVC/PAni and PEO/PVC/PAni-FeCl3 conductive films were prepared by solution casting method using tetrahydrofuran as the solvent at ambient temperature. The tensile properties, electrical conductivity and structure/morphology of the conductive films were analysed and discussed in this paper. The results indicated that the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased but the Young’s modulus increased with PAni loading. Meanwhile, PEO/PVC/PAni-FeCl3 conductive films showed lower tensile strength and Young’s modulus but higher elongation at break in comparison with PEO/ PVC/PAni conductive films. The agglomeration of PAni at higher loadings was revealed by SEM study. However, this study found that higher loading of PAni increased the electrical conductivity of the films and further improved with the addition of FeCl3. The FTIR study revealed the structure of the films with the effect of PAni as filler and FeCl3 as the oxidising agent.

The Influence of Blending Methods in Epoxy/PMMA Polymer Blend

Polymer blend consist of epoxy and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was prepared via two different blending methods. Conventional blending method which required solvent to obtain polymer blend of PMMA and epoxy. However, due to the high consumption of solvent and environmental issue, a new approaching method: direct mixing method was used to prepare the polymer blend without the usage of solvent. The PMMA pellets are grinded and sieved into fine powders and incorporated into epoxy. Comparison between the conventional and new method was done through the investigation based on the morphology and mechanical behaviour, with different PMMA content (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 vol.%) between two blending methods. In overall, the polymer blend system prepared via direct mixing methods exhibited better mechanical properties as compared to conventional solvent dissolution method. Improvement on fracture toughness was observed in direct mixing method.