Suraj Kapoor

Universal Values Structure and Individualism--Collectivism: A U.S. Test.

In re‐evaluating the theory of universal value structure as developed by Schwartz and the Individualism‐Collectivism syndromes as proposed by Triandis and others, this study, using university students in the United States, concludes that both concepts have acceptance in an intercultural setting. The majority of the value types proposed by Schwartz were found compatible by the sample. The Individualism‐collectivism concept finds a qualified support as American, on the whole, opt for Individualist vales. However, results reveal several anomalies which need further investigation. This investigation also has found the importance of social and cultural structures in analyzing values preference.

The impact of television viewing on the values orientations of Indian students: An individualist‐collectivist approach

The current study investigates the universality of value types as developed by Schwartz and Bilisky (1987, 1990) and evaluates the impact of television viewing on the value preferences expressed by students in Delhi, India. Results indicate that value types have acceptance across diverse cultures and that institutions such as television can have an impact on value orientation. In addition, compatibilities and incompatibilities among values within value types were found. Before the universal applicability of Schwartz and Biliskys value types can be determined, however, further studies covering larger and more diverse samples must be undertaken.

Televised violence and viewers’ perceptions of social reality: The Korean case

This study attempts to describe some possible elaborations of the cultivation hypothesis and present relevant evidence from a Korean student sample. Using the postulates and methodology of the cultivation analysis approach to mass communication, this investigation employs a two‐pronged research strategy: message system analysis and cultivation analysis. Message system analysis consisted of one‐week sample of Korean television programs from the three television networks in June 1991. For cultivation analysis, a questionnaire was administered to 1,200 Korean students attending eight junior and senior high schools from five different states in July, 1991. Within the clear limitations of measures, the results suggested that viewers differentially perceive the social reality of different content types. The findings seem to indicate that the degree of cultivation effects is not uniform across different kinds of television programming.

Political Diversity is Alive among Publishers and Opinion Page Editors

Newspaper publishers and opinion page editors were surveyed to differentiate their political views. They were asked to respond to a 52-item questionnaire containing 30 liberal, conservative and pragmatic statements. The editorial decision-making process also was addressed. Results indicate diversity in political perceptions among publishers and opinion page editors, with the publishers being more liberal.

Political diversify is alive in TV and newspaper rooms

Journalists and broadcasters at small, medium, and large newspapers and television stations were compared on their political views, using a 45‐card Q‐deck containing liberal, conservative, and pragmatic statements. Results indicate widespread political diversity among reporters with broadcasters exhibiting more conservative viewpoints.