Surekha Tayade

Successful pregnancy outcome in an untreated case of concomitant transverse complete vaginal septum with unicornuate uterus

Transverse vaginal septum is a result of faulty canalization of embryonic vagina. Septum may be complete but usually has laterally placed tiny hole giving an impression of vaginal vault without cervix. We described a case of untreated transverse vaginal septum with small central aperture diagnosed during labor and unicornuate uterus diagnosed intraoperatively, with successful pregnancy outcome.

Maternal hemoglobin: socio-demographic and obstetric determinants in rural Central India

India is one of the countries with very high prevalence of anaemia in the world. Almost 58 per cent of pregnant women in India are anaemic and it is estimated that anaemia is the underlying cause for 20-40 per cent of maternal deaths in India. India contributes to about 80 per cent of the maternal deaths due to anaemia in South Asia. Nutritional anaemia is a major public health problem in India and is primarily due to iron deficiency. According to NFHS-2 survey, prevalence rate of anaemia in pregnancy is reported to be 49.7% and in NFHS-3, prevalence is 57.9%. This reveals the increased prevalence of anaemia during pregnancy in recent years.

Pregnancy-Induced Alterations in Physiology and Laboratory Reports

Pregnancy in the human female is a unique state in which virtually all maternal systems are dramatically altered to permit the sustenance and growth of the intrauterine conceptus. Major physiological changes include cardiovascular, hematologic, metabolic, renal, and respiratory changes, most of which begin soon after conception and continue throughout pregnancy till until late gestation. These changes affect various patient laboratory test results. The body can generally compensate for these changes [1]. However, in the presence of conditions such as anemia, clotting disorders, bleeding during pregnancy, preeclampsia, and trauma caused by motor vehicle accident, the body may not be able to compensate for the changes. At this point, laboratory values can become significantly skewed from the values normally noted during pregnancy. In caring for pregnant women and their unborn infants, it is important for the healthcare provider to understand the normal physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy. The provider can utilize various laboratory tests and diagnostic tools to assess the magnitude of these changes and to identify abnormal changes. It is imperative that they should be aware of both the normal and abnormal laboratory values to be able to make decisions about clinical management of the woman. However, very few laboratories provide clinicians with normal reference ranges during pregnancy. This chapter makes an attempt to discuss the physiological changes and alterations in the laboratory values that occur during pregnancy.

Chronic myeloid leukemia presenting as vulvar hematoma

UAE is a successful therapy to treat fibroids and is associated with a high level of satisfaction [1]. In the present study the most important early complication was ischemic pain, which was resistant to intravenous analgesia and was as high as 5.0 on the VAS for as long as 10 h after UAE. This is consistent with the literature [2]. Fibroid revascularization was a very important factor connected to further surgical treatment. Patients who did not have fibroid revascularization were 3 timesmore likely not to require a second operation within 4 years after UAE compared with patients with fibroid revascularization. The major reason for surgery was the recurrence of the symptoms. This is consistent with the findings of Marret et al. [3] who found that recurrencewas associatedwith the size and number of fibroids. In the present study, 18.2% of women required operation afterUAE,which is consistentwith the literature [4]. UAE can be a successful method for treating uterine fibroids. The most important immediate complication of the procedure is pelvic pain that is often resistant to therapy. An important long-term complication is fibroid revascularization, which due to recurrence of presenting symptoms, often requires another surgery.

Role of metformin in plod: A comparative study

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is an enigmatic disorder of heterogeneous nature characterized by infertility, obesity, menstrual irregularities, hyperandrogenism, and hyperinsulinemia with enlarged polycystic ovaries. Its varied presentation makes it a topic of many controversies and future challenges. Objectives: a) To correlate clinical, hormonal and tramvaginal sonographic parameters in PCOS subjects of BMI < 2.5 and > 25. b) To correlate hyperandrogenism with hyperinsulinemia. Study Methods: The study includes PCOS women 3.5 and controls 19. Parameters studies were clinical features, BMI, TVS findings, Serum LH, FSH, Insulin, Androstenedione, DHEAS, Cortisol and OG’lT. Method: Radioimmunoassay. Results: The commonest features observed in our subjects were infertility (61.5%), Oligomenorrhoea (60%) and Dysmenorrhoea (53.8%). Spontaneous abortions seen in 20% and Galactorrhoea in 22.8%. 45.5% were hyperinsulinemic & 14.3% had abnormal OG’lT. 56% had LH/FSH>2 and 63% showed elevated Androstenedione. No correlation observed between BMI & parameters studied. Hyperinsulinemia mainly seen in non-obese subjects. 67% patients with hyperandrogenism also demonstrated hyperinsulinemia. Conclusion: PCOS is not just a disease of obese but non-obese females are equally predisposed. Hyperinsulinemia has no correlation with BMI. There is a statistically significant correlation between hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia.