Suryani As’ad

Immune Nutrient Content of Sea Urchin ( Diadema setosum ) Gonads

Over population of marine sea urchins ( Diadema setosum ) may disrupt the growth of Crustose coralline causing the reduction of coral reefs growth. Consumption of Diadema setosum gonads as the alternative food may assists to preserve the balance of coral reefs ecosystem. The Objective of this study was to measure and evaluate the nutrient content of the gonad of Diadema setosum . Mass spectrophotometer was used to measure vitamin and albumin contents, Kjeldahl methods for protein content, and Atomization method for trace elements (Fe, Mg, and Zn) content. The presence of active compounds such as steroids, amino acids and antioxidants were identified by thin-layer chromatograph (TLC). Protein, albumin, vitamin A, vitamin E and trace elements (Fe, Mg, and Zn) were found in the gonad of Diadema setosum . Vitamin E (23.47 mg) was the highest nutrient content compared to other nutrient elements. The extracts of the gonad of Diadema setosum were found to have steroid, amino acids and antioxidant compounds. Overall, nutrient contents and active compounds in the gonad of Diadema setosum are essential components needed for immune system, therefore besides its potency as alternative food source, gonad of Diadema setosum has potency to become the source of immune-nutrient.

Dynamics of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells, M1 Microglia/Macrophage, and Fractalkine in Ischemic Stroke Patients

Background: About 85% of strokes are ischemic strokes, caused by occlusion of cerebral artery that induced brain inflammation. A deep understanding of ischemic stroke mechanism will lead to better neurorestorative treatment. Objective: This study investigates the dynamics of human mesenchymal stem cells, fractalkine, and M1 microglia/macrophage in ischemic stroke patients. Results: We found the same fractalkine levels and M1 microglia/macrophage cells on patients with stroke onset 0 to 14 days, then decrease until 30 days of stroke onset. MSCs was increase 7 days after stroke onset, peaked by 14 days, then decreased until 30 days after stroke ischemic onset. Conclusions: This study found an interaction between microglia/macrophage, fractalkine, and MSCs on ischemic stroke patients, so therapeutic strategy could be developed.

Factors Associated with UKDI Score amongst Medical Student in Indonesia

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with UKDI score amongst medical students in Indonesia. This study also sought to determine which factor that has the strongest association with UKDI score. Method: This is an explanatory research method with retrospective approach, conducted based on past medical students’ record. Samples were medical student who commenced study on year 2006 / 2007 / 2008 when KBK was implemented and they must have had passed one-time UKDI. Data collection was done on medical schools who agreed to provide the record of their medical students. Association between variables was analyzed using Chi-square test and Multiple Logistic Regression analysis. Result: Factors significantly associated with UKDI score were pre-clinical year GPA score category 3.51 – 4.00 (OR = 3.46, CI = 2.06 – 5.81; P < 0.001) and category 3.01 - 3.50 (OR = 4.14, CI = 2.63 – 6.53; P < 0.001), clinical year GPA score category 3.76 - 4.00 (OR = 6.46, CI = 2.91 – 14.34; P < 0.001), and category 3.51 – 3.75 (OR = 4.68, CI = 2.84 – 7.73; P < 0.001). We found no evidence of significant association between gender and UKDI score, and neither between accreditation ranking and UKDI score. Conclusion: Factors significantly associated with UKDI score were GPA. Factor that has the strongest association with UKDI score was clinical year GPA. Medical knowledge obtained when studying cases during clinical year in medical school can be strengthened by the guidance of mentor and clinical supervisors in order to achieve better UKDI results.