Susan Ashworth

Metabolisable energy consumption in the exclusively breast-fed infant aged 3-6 months from the developed world: a systematic review

The present study aimed to evaluate evidence on metabolisable energy consumption and pattern of consumption with age in infants in the developed world who were exclusively breast-fed, at around the time of introducing complementary feeding. We carried out a systematic review aimed at answering three questions: how much milk is transferred from mother to infant?; does transfer increase with the age of the infant?; and what is the metabolisable energy content of breast milk? Thirty-three eligible studies of 1041 mother--infant pairs reported transfer at 3--4 months of age, the weighted mean transfer being 779 (SD 40) g/d. Six studies (99 pairs) measured transfer at 5 months, with a weighted mean transfer of 827 (SD 39) g/d. Five studies (72 pairs) measured milk transfer at 6 months, reporting a weighted mean transfer of 894 (SD 87) g/d. Nine longitudinal studies reported no significant increases in milk transfer after 2--4 months. Twenty-five studies on breast-milk energy content were based on 777 mother--infant pairs. The weighted mean metabolisable energy content was 2.6 (SD 0.2) kJ/g. Breast-milk metabolisable energy content is probably lower, and breast-milk transfer slightly higher, than is usually assumed. Longitudinal studies do not support the hypothesis that breast-milk transfer increases markedly with age. More research on energy intake in 5--6-month-old exclusively breast-fed infants is necessary, and information on the metabolisability of breast milk in mid-infancy is desirable. This evidence should inform future recommendations on infant feeding and help to identify research needs in infant energy balance.

The DAEDALUS project, developing institutional repositories at Glasgow University: the story so far

The DAEDALUS project is funded under the Joint Information Systems Committee, Focus on Access to Institutional Resources Programme for three years until June 2005. The project is based at the University of Glasgow and is developing online institutional repositories for the university, while at the same time encouraging debate and discussion about scholarly communications issues and is made up of two complementary strands: advocacy and service development. This paper sets out the achievements of the project to date and details some of the advocacy strategies that have been used to engage academic staff and researchers with the aims and objectives of the project. Also discussed are some of the barriers which have been faced in obtaining content for the repositories.

Information skills training in support of a joint electronic library in Glasgow: the GAELS project approach to library courseware development

The GAELS Project is a two‐year project funded by the Scottish Higher Education Funding Council (SHEFC) strategic change initiative, which promotes collaborative information services to engineering researchers at Glasgow and Strathclyde Universities. This paper examines the role of user education in this process. We use arguments against the effectiveness of library skills education and evaluative methods learned from human‐computer interface design as a means of improving information skills training and as part of a general reflection on user education and library services. Such an approach shows how networked learning materials can be an effective tool for promoting a collaborative library service across the Glasgow Metropolitan Area Network.

Managing open access: the first year of managing RCUK and Wellcome Trust OA funding at the University of Glasgow Library

Many institutions have been awarded funds by the Research Councils UK (RCUK), in the form of a block grant, to cover the costs of article processing charges (APCs) for open access (OA). This article discusses how this grant (and also the open access fund awarded by the Wellcome Trust) is being managed at the University of Glasgow. It looks at the overall policy for managing these funds at the University and at the systems and processes set in place by the University Library to deal with this new area of activity. There are significant challenges for institutions in managing individual APCs and the article discusses some of these challenges. The new Research Excellence Framework (REF) policy on open access was introduced in March 2014 and will have implications for the management of open access by institutions. Finally, the paper looks at where next for OA management at the University.

A model for inter‐institutional collaboration: the GAELS project document delivery trials

Glasgow and Strathclyde Universities received funding from the Scottish Higher Education Funding Council to investigate the collaborative provision of library services between the two institiutions. The investigation was, initially, in the area of engineering. The GAELS Project (Glasgow Allied Electronically with Strathclyde) ran between June 1999 and June 2001. An audit of existing information services which demonstrated that perceived information needs of researchers in both engineering faculties did not match the actual needs. Engineering researchers had low use of traditional library services and preferred electronic services. An overlap study of periodicals holdings between the two institutions found duplication in periodicals holdings of around £70,000 per annum. A series of document delivery trials was initiated, including local document delivery between the two sites, a commerical document delivery service for one research group, and a wholly electronic service to the desktop for bioengineers at Strathclyde University. The trials’ findings are presented along with outcomes, both actual and projected, for future collaboration.

The Scottish Higher Education Digital Library (SHEDL): Successes,Challenges, and the Future

Abstract The Scottish Confederation of University and Research Libraries (SCURL) had launched the Scottish Higher Education Digital Library (SHEDL) in 2009 to specifically address the equality of access to electronic content for the users of the SCURL institutions. Commencing with three publishers from three different countries using three different currencies for payment tested and extended the SHEDL model. Currently, in 2017, the number of contracts has increased, the investment by each SCURL institution has increased, but the SHEDL model continues to offer equality of access. Experience of negotiating and understanding the different business models from the suppliers and publishers has enabled a SHEDL set of criteria to be developed. Participating in such a collaborative environment provides significant elements of trust between the librarians from the different institutions. The management of contracts has enabled staff development opportunities and this has built leadership capabilities in each of the SCURL member institutions.

Enlighten: research and APC funding workflows at the University of Glasgow

This paper provides an overview of the research funding and article processing workflows provided by the University of Glasgows open source institutional repository – Enlighten – and how these have evolved, in particular with the recent introduction of the Research Councils UK (RCUK) open access policy. Enlighten is an embedded repository which now supports a range of activities beyond its original open access (OA) remit. Compliance with research funder policies and support for article processing charges (APCs) are now key components of its expanded remit.