Suzan Tabur

Evaluation of oxidant and antioxidant status and relation with prolidase in systemic sclerosis.

SummaryPurposeSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and organs; it is associated with diffuse fibroproliferative microangiopathy and autoimmune background. The studies have shown that the production of excessive free radicals and increased collagen synthesis by the fibroblasts play an important role in the pathophysiology of SSc. Prolidase is an important marker in collagen turnover. We aimed to compare total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and prolidase levels of SSc patients and healthy controls. We also investigated the relationship between prolidase and oxidative stress.MethodsA total of 38 SSc patients and 33 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Serum TAS, TOS, and prolidase activity were evaluated in the groups.ResultsIt was found that the TOS and OSI levels of patients were higher than those in the control group (Pu2009=u20090.012 and 0.015, respectively), whereas TAS was not significantly different between groups (Pu2009=u20090.451). Prolidase activity was lower in patients than in controls (Pu2009=u20090.008). There was a weak correlation between prolidase and OSI in patients. It was found that TAS was lower by marginal significance in the patients with lung and gastrointestinal tract (GT) involvement than the patients without those (Pu2009=u20090.067 and 0.059, respectively).ConclusionsOur data suggest that oxidative stress is increased in SSc. TAS is decreased in patients with lung and GT involvement. These results support that antioxidant treatment may be useful in SSc, especially in patients with lung and GT involvement. Antioxidant treatment may prevent organ involvement in SSc. TAS may be a marker that predicts the risk of involvement of a specific organ. In addition, prolidase may be a marker of SSc.ZusammenfassungZiel der StudieDie systemische Sklerose (SSc) ist eine Erkrankung, die durch Fibrose der Haut und der Organe gekennzeichnet ist; sie ist vergesellschaftet mit einer diffusen fibroproliferativen Mikroangiopathie und einem autoimmunen Hintergrund. Es konnte in verschiedenen Studien gezeigt werden, dass die überschießende Produktion von freien Radikalen und die gesteigerte Kollagensynthese durch Fibroblasten eine wichtige Rolle in der Pathophysiologie der SSc spielen. Prolidase ist ein wichtiger Marker des Turnovers von Kollagen. Ziel unserer Studie war es, den gesamten oxidativen Status (TOS), den gesamten antioxidativen Status (TAS), den oxidativen Stress Index (OSI) und die Serum-Konzentrationen der Prolidase bei Patienten mit SSc und bei gesunden Kontrollen zu erheben. Außerdem untersuchten wir, ob ein Zusammenhang zwischen Prolidase und oxidativem Stress besteht.Methodik38 Patienten mit SSc und 33 gesunde Freiwillige wurden in die Studie aufgenommen. Serum TAS, TOS und Prolidase-Aktivität wurden in beiden Gruppen erhoben.ErgebnisseDie TOS und OSI waren bei den Patienten höher als bei der Kontrolle (Pu2009=u20090,012 beziehungsweise 0,015). Die TAS unterschied sich allerdings nicht signifikant zwischen beiden Gruppen (Pu2009=u20090,451). Die Aktivität der Prolidase war bei den Patienten niedriger als bei den Gesunden (Pu2009=u20090,008). Bei den Patienten bestand eine schwache Korrelation zwischen Prolidase und dem OSI. Bei den Patienten mit Beteiligung der Lunge und des Gastrointestinaltraktes (GI-Trakt) waren die TAS grenzwertig signifikant niedriger (Pu2009=u20090,067 beziehungsweise 0,059) als bei den Patienten ohne Befall dieser Organe.SchlußfolgerungenUnsere Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, dass der oxidative Stress bei SSc erhöht ist. TAS ist bei Beteiligung der Lungen und des GI-traktes erniedrigt. Eine antioxidative Behandlung könnte daher bei SSc – vor allem wenn Lungen und GI-Trakt befallen sind, von Nutzen sein. Diese Behandlung könnte der Organbeteiligung vorbeugen. TAS könnte ein Marker sein, der das Risiko des Befalls eines bestimmten Organs vorhersagt. Außerdem könnte die Prolidase ein Marker der SSc sein.

The major predictors of amputation and length of stay in diabetic patients with acute foot ulceration.

SummaryBackgroundDiabetic foot infections are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Prediction of diabetic foot ulcer outcome may be helpful for optimizing management strategy. This study aimed to determine the major predictors of amputation and length of stay in diabetic patients with acute foot ulceration.MethodsA total of 55 type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic foot infection were enrolled. The patients were evaluated according to the Infectious Diseases Society of America and International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot criteria and also the Wagner’s classification. Blood samples were taken at the start of hospitalization for the measurement of glucose, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), white blood cells (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Length of stay in hospital was recorded.ResultsWBC and CRP were significantly higher in lower-extremity amputation (LEA) group (pxa0=xa00.001 and pxa0=xa00.008, respectively); also, ESR was higher in this group, but there was no statistical significance. Wagner grade and infection severity were significantly higher in the LEA group as compared with the non-LEA group (both p values <xa00.001). Glycemic control parameters (i.e., HbA1C, plasma glucose) were not different in LEA and non-LEA groups. In correlation analyses, amputation rate was negatively correlated (rxa0=xa0−xa00.512, pxa0<xa00.001) with length of stay. WBC, ESR, CRP, Wagner grade, and severity of infection showed positive correlation with length of stay (rxa0=xa00.493, pxa0<xa00.001; rxa0=xa00.271, pxa0=xa00.045; rxa0=xa00.299, pxa0=xa00.027; rxa0=xa00.434, pxa0=xa00.001; and rxa0=xa00.464, pxa0<xa00.001, respectively).ConclusionsBaseline levels of acute-phase reactants, especially CRP, WBC, ESR, and increased Wagner grade, appeared to be helpful in predicting amputation and length of stay in diabetic patients with acute foot ulceration. However, duration of diabetes and glucose control seems to have no effect.ZusammenfassungGrundlagenInfektionen von Fußulzera Ulcera sind bei Diabetikern mit einer beträchtlichen Morbidität und Mortalität verbunden. Eine Vorhersage des Verlaufs des Ulkus kann zur Optimierung der Managementstrategies hilfreich sein. Die vorliegende Studie hatte zum Ziel, die wesentlichsten Prädiktoren für eine Amputation und für die Dauer des Aufenthaltes im Spital zu erheben.MethodikEs wurden insgesamt 55 Patienten mit einem Typ 2 Diabetes mellitus mit einer Infektion im Bereich von Fußulzera in die Studie aufgenommen. Die Patienten wurden entsprechend der diabetischen Fußkriterien der Infectious Diseases Society of America und der International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot criteria, sowie der Klassifikation nach Wagner evaluiert. Am Beginn des Spitalsaufenthaltes wurde Blut zur Messung der Glukose, des HbA1c, der Leukozyten, des C reaktiven Proteins (CRP) und der Blutsenkung (Skg) abgenommen. Die Dauer des Spitalsaufenthaltes wurde registriert.ErgebnisseDie Leukozyten und das CRP waren in der LEA Gruppe (LEA = lower-extremity amputation) signifikant höher (pxa0=xa00,001 beziehungsweise pxa0=xa00,008). Die Skg war in dieser Gruppe zwar auch schneller – allerdings war dieser Unterschied statistisch nicht signifikant.Der Schweregrad der Infektion und die Graduierung nach Wagner waren in der LEA Gruppe signifikant höher als in der Nicht-LEA Gruppe (beide pxa0<xa00,001). Die Parameter der glykämischen Kontrolle (Blutzucker, HbA1c) waren in der LEA und Nicht-LEA Gruppe nicht unterschiedlich. In der Korrelationsanalyse zeigte sich die Rate der Amputationen negativ mit der Dauer des Spitalsaufenthaltes korreliert (rxa0=xa0−xa00,512, pxa0<xa00,001). Leukozyten, Skg, CRP, Wagner Grad und Schweregrad der Infektion waren positiv mit der Dauer des Spitalsaufenthaltes korreliert (rxa0=xa00,493, pxa0<xa00,001; rxa0=xa00,271, pxa0=xa00,045; rxa0=xa00,299, pxa0=xa00,027; rxa0=xa00,434, pxa0=xa00,001 and rxa0=xa00,464, pxa0<xa00,001 respektive).SchlussfolgerungenDie Ausgangswerte von Akutphasenparametern, insbesondere des CRP, der Leukozyten, der Skg und höhere Grade nach Wagner, scheinen in der Vorhersage einer Amputation bzw. der Dauer des Spitalsaufenthaltes hilfreich zu sein. Die Dauer des Diabetes mellitus, beziehungsweise die glykämische Kontrolle scheinen allerdings keine Bedeutung zu haben.

Investigation of the role of 8-OHdG and oxidative stress in papillary thyroid carcinoma

The aim of this study was to determine levels of serum 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as an indicator of oxidant-induced DNA damage and oxidant status in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma before and after surgery. This study included 25 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and age-matched 27 healthy controls. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), and 8-OHdG levels were measured. 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher in the preoperative papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) group compared with the healthy control group (pu2009<u20090.001) and were significantly lower after operation in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (pu2009=u20090.004). Oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were significantly higher in both preoperative and postoperative PTC patients compared with the healthy control group (pu2009<u20090.001 and pu2009<u20090.001, respectively). TOS levels were higher in the preoperative and postoperative PTC groups compared to the healthy control group (pu2009<u20090.001 and pu2009<u20090.001, respectively). TAS levels was lower in the preoperative PTC groups compared to the healthy control group (pu2009=u20090.011). Serum LOOH levels were higher in both preoperative and postoperative PTC groups compared to the healthy control group (pu2009<u20090.001 and pu2009<u20090.001, respectively). Correlation analysis yielded that serum 8-OHdG levels were positively correlated with OSİ and LOOH levels in patients with PTC before surgery (ru2009=u20090.668, pu2009<u20090.001; ru2009=u20090.446, pu2009=u20090.025, respectively) and had a negative correlation with TAS levels (ru2009=u2009−0.616, pu2009=u20090.001). We have shown severe oxidative DNA damage and impaired antioxidant status in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Urotensin-II level and its association with oxidative stress in early diabetic nephropathy

OBJECTIVEnDiabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end stage renal failure. Early treatment of diabetic nephropathy depends on understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease. In this study we investigated the role of U-II in early nephropathy and ıts association with oxidative stress, paraoxonase (PON)-1 and arylesterase.nnnRESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSnTwenty-three diabetic patients with microalbuminuria, 23 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria and 25 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. Serum total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), PON-1, arylesterase, and urotensin-II (U-II) levels were measured. Oxidative stress index (OSI) percent ratio of TOS to TAS level was accepted as OSI.nnnRESULTSnSerum U-II levels were higher in the microalbuminuric diabetes group compared to the normoalbuminuric diabetic group and the healthy control group (p=0.009 and p=0.0001, respectively). Normoalbuminuric diabetic groups U-II levels were significantly higher compared to those of the healthy control group (p=0.0001). Correlation analysis yielded that plasma U-II levels are negatively correlated to TAS, arylesterase, and PON-1 levels (r=-0.395, p=0.001; r=-0.291, p=0.014; and r=-0.279, p=0.018, respectively) and that they had a positive correlation with OSI levels (r=0.312, p=0.008). These associations were confirmed in the multiple regression analysis. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that oxidative stress is important in the development of microalbuminuria.nnnCONCLUSIONnThe data of this study reveal that increased serum U-II has a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. This effect of U-II may be related to high levels oxidative stress parameters.

Effects of melatonin on the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and tissue injury after renal ischemia reperfusion in rats

Abstract We investigated the changes in the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, the pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the possible effect of melatonin on the modulation of these inflammatory molecules after renal ischemia reperfusion (IR). The study was carried out in the laboratory of Department of Pharmacology. Forty-six male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups as control (nu2009=u20096), positive control (nu2009=u20094), sham (nu2009=u200912), renal IR (nu2009=u200912), and renal IR melatonin (nu2009=u200912). After 1u2009h renal pedicle occlusion, the blood samples were taken for the measurement of cytokine levels at second hour of the reperfusion. The rats were sacrificed after 24u2009h of reperfusion for histopathological evaluation. Melatonin or vehicle was administrated to IR rats. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered to the positive control group and the blood was taken at fourth hour. Serum TNF-α levels increased significantly in renal IR and LPS groups. Serum IL-6 levels were not different from control except the LPS group. There was no significant correlation between the serum TNF-α levels and the histopathological score after renal IR. Melatonin treatment reversed the increase of serum TNF-α levels and histopathological injury in renal tissue after renal IR. Melatonin may have a protective effect by reducing the serum level of TNF-α in renal IR.

Serum calprotectin: a new potential biomarker for thyroid papillary carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to evaluate serum calprotectin levels and oxidative stress status in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and the changes in their levels after total thyroidectomy. The study involved 30 patients with PTC and 30 healthy controls. Blood samples were obtained from the PTC patients before and 1xa0month after the operation. Preoperative and postoperative serum samples from PTC patients and healthy controls were analysed for calprotectin, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and lipid hydroperokside (LOOH). The preoperative calprotectin, TOS, OSI and LOOH levels of the patients with PTC were significantly higher compared to those of the control group (pu2009<u20090.001, for each). The levels of calprotectin decreased significantly in patients with PTC after the operation (pu2009<u20090.001), while TAS, TOS and OSI levels remained unchanged (pu2009=u20090.313, pu2009=u20090.085 and pu2009=u20090.163, respectively). Preoperative serum calprotectin levels were positively correlated with TOS, OSI and LOOH levels and negatively correlated with TAS levels in patients with PTC. In conclusion, serum calprotectin levels is increased in patients with PTC, and calprotectin is positively correlated with TOS and LOOH. Serum calprotectin levels is significantly decreased after total thyroidectomy.

Is calprotectin a novel biomarker of neuroinflammation in diabetic periferal neuropathy

BackgroundIn the present study, we aimed to investigate serum calprotectin levels in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and possible role of this molecule in the disease pathogenesis.MethodTwenty nine patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, 30 type 2 diabetic patients without neuropathy, and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high-density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, triglyceride, HbA1c, calprotectin and hsCRP levels were measured in diabetic and healthy control groups.ResultsSerum calprotectin and hsCRP levels were significantly higher in patients with and without neuropathy than healthy controls (pu2009<u20090.001, pu2009=u20090.017, pu2009<u20090.001 and pu2009=u20090.001, respectively). Serum calprotectin and hsCRP levels were higher in diabetics with neuropathy than the ones without (pu2009=u20090.021 and pu2009<u20090.001, respectively). The positive correlation was detected between calprotectin levels and hsCRP and HbA1c in Spearman correlation analysis (ru2009=u20090.510, pu2009<u20090.001; ru2009=u20090.437, pu2009<u20090.001 respectively). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated the important association between neuropathy development and hsCRP and serum calprotectin levels in diabetic individuals.ConclusionSeum calprotectin levels were increased in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. It may have a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

The effects of lycopene on intestinal injury due to methotrexate in rats

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lycopene (Lyc) on methotrexate (Mtx)-induced intestinal damage in rats. Method: Twenty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four equal groups: control, Mtx, Lyc, and Mtx-L. Control group: Rats were given only the vehicle. Lyc group: Rats were given Lyc (10u2005mg/kg) with corn oil by oral gavage for 10 days. Mtx group: Rats were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 20u2005mg/kg of Mtx and given corn oil by oral gavage. Mtx-L group: Rats were treated with Lyc (10u2005mg/kg) for 10 days after a single dose of Mtx (20u2005mg/kg). All of the rats were euthanized using terminal anesthesia, and the intestinal tissues were removed for histological examination and for pro-inflammatory cytokine measurement (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)), total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and oxidative stress index (OSI). Results: Mtx administration increased histopathological damage and increased TNF-α, IL-1β, TOS, TAC, and OSI levels in the small intestine tissues. Lyc therapy applied to the Mtx-L group provided significant improvement in all parameters of histopathological damage to the small intestine and significantly reduced the levels of IL-1β, TOS, and OSI in the intestinal tissues. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that Lyc might be useful for protecting intestinal damage induced by Mtx in rats by reducing the increased oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β) levels.

Paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in patients with papillary thyroid cancer

Abstract Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activities and oxidative stress status, and the changes in their levels after total thyroidectomy in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Materials and methods. Twenty-five patients with PTC and 27 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were obtained from the PTC patients before and 3 months after the operation. Preoperative and postoperative serum samples from PTC patients and healthy controls were analyzed for paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (ARE) activities, and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) and –SH (total free sulfhydryl) levels. Results. The preoperative PON, ARE and –SH levels of the patients with PTC were significantly lower compared to those of the control group (p = 0.033, p < 0.001, p = 0.002, respectively), while LOOH levels were significantly higher (p < 0.001). The levels of PON and ARE decreased significantly in patients with PTC after the operation (p = 0.038, p = 0.023, respectively), while LOOH and –SH levels remained unchanged (p = 0.117, p = 0.487, respectively). PON and ARE levels showed a positive correlation with –SH (r = 0.211, p = 0.065; r = 0.471, p < 0.001, respectively) and a negative correlation with LOOH (r = − 0.391, p < 0.001, r = − 0.486, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion. Serum PON1 activity is decreased in patients with PTC, and serum PON1 is positively correlated with –SH, a well-known antioxidant, and negatively correlated with LOOH, an oxidant. PON1 activity is significantly decreased after total thyroidectomy.

Serum prolidase levels in Graves’ disease without ophthalmopathy and its association with oxidative status

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate serum prolidase levels and its association with oxidative stress in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD).Materials and methods25 with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and 25 patients Graves’ disease (GD), and 27 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The patients with signs of Graves’ ophthalmopathy were excluded from the study. Serum samples were obtained in euthyroid period at the third month of treatment. Serum prolidase, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidative stress (TOS), and total free sulfhydryl (–SH) levels were measured.ResultsSerum prolidase levels were significantly higher in the patients with GD compared to the HT and the healthy control group. Oxidative stress index (OSI) and TOS levels of the patients with both GD and HT were significantly higher compared to those of the control group (pxa0<xa00.001, for each), while –SH levels were significantly lower (pxa0<xa00.001, for each). There was no significant difference between the patients with HT and healthy control group in terms of prolidase levels (pxa0=xa00.580). Prolidase levels were positively correlated with TOS and OSI and negatively correlated with –SH (rxa0=xa00.565, pxa0=xa00.003; rxa0=xa00.604, pxa0=xa00.001; rxa0=xa0−0.532, pxa0=xa00.006).ConclusionSerum prolidase activity is increased in GD patients without signs of ophthalmopathy, and showed a positive correlation with oxidative stress parameters.