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Dive into the research topics where Suzanne Goldberg is active.

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Featured researches published by Suzanne Goldberg.


Circulation | 2012

Supervised Exercise Versus Primary Stenting for Claudication Resulting From Aortoiliac Peripheral Artery Disease Six-Month Outcomes From the Claudication: Exercise Versus Endoluminal Revascularization (CLEVER) Study

Timothy P. Murphy; Donald E. Cutlip; Judith G. Regensteiner; Emile R. Mohler; David J. Cohen; Matthew R. Reynolds; Joseph M. Massaro; Beth A. Lewis; Joselyn Cerezo; Niki C. Oldenburg; Claudia C. Thum; Suzanne Goldberg; Michael R. Jaff; Michael W. Steffes; Anthony J. Comerota; Jonathan K. Ehrman; Diane Treat-Jacobson; M. Eileen Walsh; Tracie C. Collins; Dalynn T. Badenhop; Ulf G. Bronas; Alan T. Hirsch

Background— Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise (SE), or stent revascularization (ST). Methods and Results— We randomly assigned 111 patients with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease to receive 1 of 3 treatments: optimal medical care (OMC), OMC plus SE, or OMC plus ST. The primary end point was the change in peak walking time on a graded treadmill test at 6 months compared with baseline. Secondary end points included free-living step activity, quality of life with the Walking Impairment Questionnaire, Peripheral Artery Questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form, and cardiovascular risk factors. At the 6-month follow-up, change in peak walking time (the primary end point) was greatest for SE, intermediate for ST, and least with OMC (mean change versus baseline, 5.8±4.6, 3.7±4.9, and 1.2±2.6 minutes, respectively; P <0.001 for the comparison of SE versus OMC, P =0.02 for ST versus OMC, and P =0.04 for SE versus ST). Although disease-specific quality of life as assessed by the Walking Impairment Questionnaire and Peripheral Artery Questionnaire also improved with both SE and ST compared with OMC, for most scales, the extent of improvement was greater with ST than SE. Free-living step activity increased more with ST than with either SE or OMC alone (114±274 versus 73±139 versus −6±109 steps per hour), but these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions— SE results in superior treadmill walking performance than ST, even for those with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease. The contrast between better walking performance for SE and better patient-reported quality of life for ST warrants further study. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: . Unique identifier: [NCT00132743][1]. # Clinical Perspective {#article-title-36} [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT00132743&atom=%2Fcirculationaha%2F125%2F1%2F130.atomBackground Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise or stent revascularization.Background— Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise (SE), or stent revascularization (ST). Methods and Results— We randomly assigned 111 patients with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease to receive 1 of 3 treatments: optimal medical care (OMC), OMC plus SE, or OMC plus ST. The primary end point was the change in peak walking time on a graded treadmill test at 6 months compared with baseline. Secondary end points included free-living step activity, quality of life with the Walking Impairment Questionnaire, Peripheral Artery Questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form, and cardiovascular risk factors. At the 6-month follow-up, change in peak walking time (the primary end point) was greatest for SE, intermediate for ST, and least with OMC (mean change versus baseline, 5.8±4.6, 3.7±4.9, and 1.2±2.6 minutes, respectively; P<0.001 for the comparison of SE versus OMC, P=0.02 for ST versus OMC, and P=0.04 for SE versus ST). Although disease-specific quality of life as assessed by the Walking Impairment Questionnaire and Peripheral Artery Questionnaire also improved with both SE and ST compared with OMC, for most scales, the extent of improvement was greater with ST than SE. Free-living step activity increased more with ST than with either SE or OMC alone (114±274 versus 73±139 versus −6±109 steps per hour), but these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions— SE results in superior treadmill walking performance than ST, even for those with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease. The contrast between better walking performance for SE and better patient-reported quality of life for ST warrants further study. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00132743?order=1. Unique identifier: NCT00132743.


Journal of the American College of Cardiology | 2015

Supervised Exercise, Stent Revascularization, or Medical Therapy for Claudication Due to Aortoiliac Peripheral Artery Disease: The CLEVER Study

Timothy P. Murphy; Donald E. Cutlip; Judith G. Regensteiner; Emile R. Mohler; David J. Cohen; Matthew R. Reynolds; Joseph M. Massaro; Beth A. Lewis; Joselyn Cerezo; Niki C. Oldenburg; Claudia C. Thum; Michael R. Jaff; Anthony J. Comerota; Michael W. Steffes; Ingrid H. Abrahamsen; Suzanne Goldberg; Alan T. Hirsch

BACKGROUND Treatment for claudication that is due to aortoiliac peripheral artery disease (PAD) often relies on stent revascularization (ST). However, supervised exercise (SE) is known to provide comparable short-term (6-month) improvements in functional status and quality of life. Longer-term outcomes are not known. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to report the longer-term (18-month) efficacy of SE compared with ST and optimal medical care (OMC). METHODS Of 111 patients with aortoiliac PAD randomly assigned to receive OMC, OMC plus SE, or OMC plus ST, 79 completed the 18-month clinical and treadmill follow-up assessment. SE consisted of 6 months of SE and an additional year of telephone-based exercise counseling. Primary clinical outcomes included objective treadmill-based walking performance and subjective quality of life. RESULTS Peak walking time improved from baseline to 18 months for both SE (5.0 ± 5.4 min) and ST (3.2 ± 4.7 min) significantly more than for OMC (0.2 ± 2.1 min; p < 0.001 and p = 0.04, respectively). The difference between SE and ST was not significant (p = 0.16). Improvement in claudication onset time was greater for SE compared with OMC, but not for ST compared with OMC. Many disease-specific quality-of-life scales demonstrated durable improvements that were greater for ST compared with SE or OMC. CONCLUSIONS Both SE and ST had better 18-month outcomes than OMC. SE and ST provided comparable durable improvement in functional status and in quality of life up to 18 months. The durability of claudication exercise interventions merits its consideration as a primary PAD claudication treatment.


Journal of the American College of Cardiology | 2015

Comprehensive cardiovascular risk factor control improves survival: The BARI 2D trial

Vera Bittner; Marnie Bertolet; Rafael Barraza Felix; Michael E. Farkouh; Suzanne Goldberg; Kodangudi B. Ramanathan; J. Bruce Redmon; Laurence Sperling; Martin K. Rutter

Background It is unclear if achieving multiple risk factor (RF) goals through protocol-guided intensive medical therapy is feasible or improves outcomes in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).


Circulation | 2005

Recommendations of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group on Future Direction in Cardiac Surgery

William A. Baumgartner; Stephanie Burrows; Pedro J. del Nido; Timothy J. Gardner; Suzanne Goldberg; Robert C. Gorman; George V. Letsou; Alice M. Mascette; Robert E. Michler; John D. Puskas; Eric A. Rose; Todd K. Rosengart; Frank W. Sellke; Sara J. Shumway; Norbert Wilke

New surgical procedures, imaging modalities, and medical devices have improved therapy for many patients and made treatment possible for others who have had few options in the past. In February 2004, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institutes (NHLBI) Advisory Council proposed that the institute evaluate the status and future directions in cardiac surgery. In response to this recommendation, the NHLBI convened a working group of cardiac surgeons on May 7 and 8, 2004, to assess the state of cardiac surgery research, identify critical gaps in current knowledge, determine areas of opportunity, and obtain specific recommendations for future research activities. The working group discussed surgical revascularization, novel surgical approaches, valvular research directions, biotechnology and cell-based therapy, heart failure, imaging modalities, and barriers to clinical research and presents its recommendations here.


Circulation | 2011

Long-Term Effects of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of the Totally Occluded Infarct-Related Artery in the Subacute Phase After Myocardial Infarction

Judith S. Hochman; Harmony R. Reynolds; Vladimír Džavík; Christopher E. Buller; Witold Rużyłło; Zygmunt Sadowski; Aldo P. Maggioni; Antonio Carlos Campos de Carvalho; James M. Rankin; Harvey D. White; Suzanne Goldberg; Sandra Forman; Daniel B. Mark; Gervasio A. Lamas

Background— Despite observations suggesting a benefit for late opening of totally occluded infarct-related arteries after myocardial infarction, the Occluded Artery Trial (OAT) demonstrated no reduction in the composite of death, reinfarction, and class IV heart failure over a 2.9-year mean follow-up. Follow-up was extended to determine whether late trends would favor either treatment group. Methods and Results— OAT randomized 2201 stable patients with infarct-related artery total occlusion >24 hours (calendar days 3–28) after myocardial infarction. Patients with severe inducible ischemia, rest angina, class III-IV heart failure, and 3-vessel/left main disease were excluded. We conducted extended follow-up of enrolled patients for an additional 3 years for the primary end point and angina (6-year median survivor follow-up; longest, 9 years; 12 234 patient-years). Rates of the primary end point (hazard ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.88–1.28), fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction (hazard ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.89–1.75), death, and class IV heart failure were similar for the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and medical therapy alone groups. No interactions between baseline characteristics and treatment group on outcomes were observed. The vast majority of patients at each follow-up visit did not report angina. There was less angina in the PCI group through early in follow-up; by 3 years, the between group difference was consistently <4 patients per 100 treated and not significantly different, although there was a trend toward less angina in the PCI group at 3 and 5 years. The 7-year rate of PCI of the infarct-related artery during follow-up was 11.1% for the PCI group compared with 14.7% for the medical therapy alone group (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.61–1.01; P=0.06). Conclusions— Extended follow-up of the OAT cohort provides robust evidence for no reduction of long-term rates of clinical events after routine PCI in stable patients with a totally occluded infarct-related artery and without severe inducible ischemia in the subacute phase after myocardial infarction. Clinical Trial Registration— http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00004562.


Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology | 2013

Correlation of patient-reported symptom outcomes and treadmill test outcomes after treatment for aortoiliac claudication

Timothy P. Murphy; Matthew R. Reynolds; David J. Cohen; Judith G. Regensteiner; Joseph M. Massaro; Donald E. Cutlip; Emile R. Mohler; Joselyn Cerezo; Niki C. Oldenburg; Claudia C. Thum; Suzanne Goldberg; Alan T. Hirsch

PURPOSE To examine the relationship between objective treadmill test outcomes and subjective symptom outcomes among patients with claudication treated with stent revascularization (ST) compared with supervised exercise (SE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Five scales of the Peripheral Artery Questionnaire and Walking Impairment Questionnaire were correlated with peak walking time and treadmill claudication onset time. RESULTS The correlation between change in disease-specific quality of life (QOL) and change in peak walking time differed according to treatment group, with statistically significant correlations for all five scales for the ST group and weaker trends for the SE group, only one of which was statistically significant. In contrast, improvements in disease-specific QOL correlated well with increases in claudication onset time, with no significant interaction with treatment group for any of the five scales. CONCLUSIONS Disease-specific QOL results at 6 months in the Claudication: Exercise Vs. Endoluminal Revascularization (CLEVER) study show that improved maximal treadmill walking in patients with claudication treated with SE correlated poorly with self-reported symptom relief. Conversely, patients treated with ST showed good correlation between improved maximal treadmill walking and self-reported symptom improvement. The correlation between claudication onset time and self-reported symptom relief was good across treatment groups. This finding indicates that traditional objective treadmill test outcomes may not correlate well with symptom relief in patients with claudication. Future studies should investigate these data and improve understanding of patient relevance of traditional objective treadmill-based treatment outcomes.


Circulation | 2012

Supervised Exercise Versus Primary Stenting for Claudication Resulting From Aortoiliac Peripheral Artery Disease

Timothy P. Murphy; Donald E. Cutlip; Judith G. Regensteiner; Emile R. Mohler; David J. Cohen; Matthew R. Reynolds; Joseph M. Massaro; Beth A. Lewis; Joselyn Cerezo; Niki C. Oldenburg; Claudia C. Thum; Suzanne Goldberg; Michael R. Jaff; Michael W. Steffes; Anthony J. Comerota; Jonathan K. Ehrman; Diane Treat-Jacobson; M. Eileen Walsh; Tracie C. Collins; Dalynn T. Badenhop; Ulf G. Bronas; Alan T. Hirsch

Background— Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise (SE), or stent revascularization (ST). Methods and Results— We randomly assigned 111 patients with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease to receive 1 of 3 treatments: optimal medical care (OMC), OMC plus SE, or OMC plus ST. The primary end point was the change in peak walking time on a graded treadmill test at 6 months compared with baseline. Secondary end points included free-living step activity, quality of life with the Walking Impairment Questionnaire, Peripheral Artery Questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form, and cardiovascular risk factors. At the 6-month follow-up, change in peak walking time (the primary end point) was greatest for SE, intermediate for ST, and least with OMC (mean change versus baseline, 5.8±4.6, 3.7±4.9, and 1.2±2.6 minutes, respectively; P <0.001 for the comparison of SE versus OMC, P =0.02 for ST versus OMC, and P =0.04 for SE versus ST). Although disease-specific quality of life as assessed by the Walking Impairment Questionnaire and Peripheral Artery Questionnaire also improved with both SE and ST compared with OMC, for most scales, the extent of improvement was greater with ST than SE. Free-living step activity increased more with ST than with either SE or OMC alone (114±274 versus 73±139 versus −6±109 steps per hour), but these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions— SE results in superior treadmill walking performance than ST, even for those with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease. The contrast between better walking performance for SE and better patient-reported quality of life for ST warrants further study. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: . Unique identifier: [NCT00132743][1]. # Clinical Perspective {#article-title-36} [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT00132743&atom=%2Fcirculationaha%2F125%2F1%2F130.atomBackground Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise or stent revascularization.Background— Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise (SE), or stent revascularization (ST). Methods and Results— We randomly assigned 111 patients with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease to receive 1 of 3 treatments: optimal medical care (OMC), OMC plus SE, or OMC plus ST. The primary end point was the change in peak walking time on a graded treadmill test at 6 months compared with baseline. Secondary end points included free-living step activity, quality of life with the Walking Impairment Questionnaire, Peripheral Artery Questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form, and cardiovascular risk factors. At the 6-month follow-up, change in peak walking time (the primary end point) was greatest for SE, intermediate for ST, and least with OMC (mean change versus baseline, 5.8±4.6, 3.7±4.9, and 1.2±2.6 minutes, respectively; P<0.001 for the comparison of SE versus OMC, P=0.02 for ST versus OMC, and P=0.04 for SE versus ST). Although disease-specific quality of life as assessed by the Walking Impairment Questionnaire and Peripheral Artery Questionnaire also improved with both SE and ST compared with OMC, for most scales, the extent of improvement was greater with ST than SE. Free-living step activity increased more with ST than with either SE or OMC alone (114±274 versus 73±139 versus −6±109 steps per hour), but these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions— SE results in superior treadmill walking performance than ST, even for those with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease. The contrast between better walking performance for SE and better patient-reported quality of life for ST warrants further study. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00132743?order=1. Unique identifier: NCT00132743.


Journal of the American College of Cardiology | 2015

Comprehensive Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control Improves Survival

Vera Bittner; Marnie Bertolet; Rafael Barraza Felix; Michael E. Farkouh; Suzanne Goldberg; Kodangudi B. Ramanathan; J. Bruce Redmon; Laurence Sperling; Martin K. Rutter

Background It is unclear if achieving multiple risk factor (RF) goals through protocol-guided intensive medical therapy is feasible or improves outcomes in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).


Circulation | 2012

Supervised Exercise Versus Primary Stenting for Claudication Resulting From Aortoiliac Peripheral Artery DiseaseClinical Perspective

Timothy P. Murphy; Donald E. Cutlip; Judith G. Regensteiner; Emile R. Mohler; David Cohen; Matthew R. Reynolds; Joseph M. Massaro; Beth A. Lewis; Joselyn Cerezo; Niki C. Oldenburg; Claudia C. Thum; Suzanne Goldberg; Michael R. Jaff; Michael W. Steffes; Anthony J. Comerota; Jonathan K. Ehrman; Diane Treat-Jacobson; M. Eileen Walsh; Tracie C. Collins; Dalynn T. Badenhop; Ulf G. Bronas; Alan T. Hirsch

Background— Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise (SE), or stent revascularization (ST). Methods and Results— We randomly assigned 111 patients with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease to receive 1 of 3 treatments: optimal medical care (OMC), OMC plus SE, or OMC plus ST. The primary end point was the change in peak walking time on a graded treadmill test at 6 months compared with baseline. Secondary end points included free-living step activity, quality of life with the Walking Impairment Questionnaire, Peripheral Artery Questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form, and cardiovascular risk factors. At the 6-month follow-up, change in peak walking time (the primary end point) was greatest for SE, intermediate for ST, and least with OMC (mean change versus baseline, 5.8±4.6, 3.7±4.9, and 1.2±2.6 minutes, respectively; P <0.001 for the comparison of SE versus OMC, P =0.02 for ST versus OMC, and P =0.04 for SE versus ST). Although disease-specific quality of life as assessed by the Walking Impairment Questionnaire and Peripheral Artery Questionnaire also improved with both SE and ST compared with OMC, for most scales, the extent of improvement was greater with ST than SE. Free-living step activity increased more with ST than with either SE or OMC alone (114±274 versus 73±139 versus −6±109 steps per hour), but these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions— SE results in superior treadmill walking performance than ST, even for those with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease. The contrast between better walking performance for SE and better patient-reported quality of life for ST warrants further study. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: . Unique identifier: [NCT00132743][1]. # Clinical Perspective {#article-title-36} [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT00132743&atom=%2Fcirculationaha%2F125%2F1%2F130.atomBackground Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise or stent revascularization.Background— Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise (SE), or stent revascularization (ST). Methods and Results— We randomly assigned 111 patients with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease to receive 1 of 3 treatments: optimal medical care (OMC), OMC plus SE, or OMC plus ST. The primary end point was the change in peak walking time on a graded treadmill test at 6 months compared with baseline. Secondary end points included free-living step activity, quality of life with the Walking Impairment Questionnaire, Peripheral Artery Questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form, and cardiovascular risk factors. At the 6-month follow-up, change in peak walking time (the primary end point) was greatest for SE, intermediate for ST, and least with OMC (mean change versus baseline, 5.8±4.6, 3.7±4.9, and 1.2±2.6 minutes, respectively; P<0.001 for the comparison of SE versus OMC, P=0.02 for ST versus OMC, and P=0.04 for SE versus ST). Although disease-specific quality of life as assessed by the Walking Impairment Questionnaire and Peripheral Artery Questionnaire also improved with both SE and ST compared with OMC, for most scales, the extent of improvement was greater with ST than SE. Free-living step activity increased more with ST than with either SE or OMC alone (114±274 versus 73±139 versus −6±109 steps per hour), but these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions— SE results in superior treadmill walking performance than ST, even for those with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease. The contrast between better walking performance for SE and better patient-reported quality of life for ST warrants further study. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00132743?order=1. Unique identifier: NCT00132743.


Circulation | 2012

Supervised Exercise Versus Primary Stenting for Claudication Resulting From Aortoiliac Peripheral Artery Disease: Six-month Outcomes From the Claudication

Timothy P. Murphy; Donald E. Cutlip; Judith G. Regensteiner; Emile R. Mohler; David J. Cohen; Matthew R. Reynolds; Joseph M. Massaro; Beth A. Lewis; Joselyn Cerezo; Niki C. Oldenburg; Claudia C. Thum; Suzanne Goldberg; Michael R. Jaff; Michael W. Steffes; Anthony J. Comerota; Jonathan K. Ehrman; Diane Treat-Jacobson; M. Eileen Walsh; Tracie C. Collins; Dalynn T. Badenhop; Ulf G. Bronas; Alan T. Hirsch

Background— Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise (SE), or stent revascularization (ST). Methods and Results— We randomly assigned 111 patients with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease to receive 1 of 3 treatments: optimal medical care (OMC), OMC plus SE, or OMC plus ST. The primary end point was the change in peak walking time on a graded treadmill test at 6 months compared with baseline. Secondary end points included free-living step activity, quality of life with the Walking Impairment Questionnaire, Peripheral Artery Questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form, and cardiovascular risk factors. At the 6-month follow-up, change in peak walking time (the primary end point) was greatest for SE, intermediate for ST, and least with OMC (mean change versus baseline, 5.8±4.6, 3.7±4.9, and 1.2±2.6 minutes, respectively; P <0.001 for the comparison of SE versus OMC, P =0.02 for ST versus OMC, and P =0.04 for SE versus ST). Although disease-specific quality of life as assessed by the Walking Impairment Questionnaire and Peripheral Artery Questionnaire also improved with both SE and ST compared with OMC, for most scales, the extent of improvement was greater with ST than SE. Free-living step activity increased more with ST than with either SE or OMC alone (114±274 versus 73±139 versus −6±109 steps per hour), but these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions— SE results in superior treadmill walking performance than ST, even for those with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease. The contrast between better walking performance for SE and better patient-reported quality of life for ST warrants further study. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: . Unique identifier: [NCT00132743][1]. # Clinical Perspective {#article-title-36} [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT00132743&atom=%2Fcirculationaha%2F125%2F1%2F130.atomBackground Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise or stent revascularization.Background— Claudication is a common and disabling symptom of peripheral artery disease that can be treated with medication, supervised exercise (SE), or stent revascularization (ST). Methods and Results— We randomly assigned 111 patients with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease to receive 1 of 3 treatments: optimal medical care (OMC), OMC plus SE, or OMC plus ST. The primary end point was the change in peak walking time on a graded treadmill test at 6 months compared with baseline. Secondary end points included free-living step activity, quality of life with the Walking Impairment Questionnaire, Peripheral Artery Questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form, and cardiovascular risk factors. At the 6-month follow-up, change in peak walking time (the primary end point) was greatest for SE, intermediate for ST, and least with OMC (mean change versus baseline, 5.8±4.6, 3.7±4.9, and 1.2±2.6 minutes, respectively; P<0.001 for the comparison of SE versus OMC, P=0.02 for ST versus OMC, and P=0.04 for SE versus ST). Although disease-specific quality of life as assessed by the Walking Impairment Questionnaire and Peripheral Artery Questionnaire also improved with both SE and ST compared with OMC, for most scales, the extent of improvement was greater with ST than SE. Free-living step activity increased more with ST than with either SE or OMC alone (114±274 versus 73±139 versus −6±109 steps per hour), but these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions— SE results in superior treadmill walking performance than ST, even for those with aortoiliac peripheral artery disease. The contrast between better walking performance for SE and better patient-reported quality of life for ST warrants further study. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00132743?order=1. Unique identifier: NCT00132743.

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Donald E. Cutlip

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

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Emile R. Mohler

University of Pennsylvania

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