Svetlana M. Rogacheva

Polysaccharide Fibers as Matrices for Solid-Surface Fluorescence

Fibers of cellulose diacetate (CDA) and chitosan (CTS) of polycationic and polybasic forms were tested as matrices for solid-surface fluorescence (SSF) of several fluorescent probes—eosin Y, trypaflavine, and pyrene. The morphology and surface potential of these matrices were examined. The influence of structural and energetic characteristics of the fibrous polysaccharide materials at SSF of the probes was shown. Fluorescence was studied in aqueous solutions of eosin Y and trypaflavine, in water-ethanolic and water-micellar surfactant media of pyrene, before and after dynamic sorption of the dyes on fibers and in the adsorbed state. The surface of CDA fiber was shown to be capable of sorbing trypaflavine from water and pyrene from water-micellar surfactant media of various types, so it can be a promising matrix for SSF of pyrene and trypaflavine and their chemical analogs. The Coulomb interactions were proposed to determine eosin Y and trypaflavine concentration on the surface of CTS matrices and the SSF of these probes. The CTS fibers were permeable to hydrophobic pyrene dissolved in an ethanol-water medium or solubilized in the micelles of ionic surfactants.

Optical properties of aqueous morphine solutions

We have studied morphine action on mobility and structure of water by means of fluorescent investigations and light scattering analysis. Wave-like concentration dependences have been plotted in the both cases. Theoretical description of the discovered effect has been made based on the formalism of N.N.Bogolubov.

Solid-state surface luminescence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adsorbed on cellulose diacetate matrices

The spectral-kinetic characteristics of luminescence of 17 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) sorbed from a “water-organic solvent” medium on cellulose diacetate (CDA) matrices were studied. A significant increase in the fluorescence signal on the CDA matrix was observed for 13 PAHs in comparison with aqueous solutions. The highest detection sensitivity was found for pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, and benzo(k)fluoranthene. The fluorescence spectra of two PAH indicator pairs (anthracene–phenanthrene and pyrene–fluoranthene) used to control toxicant emission sources were studied with the simultaneous presence of isomers in the analyte, depending on the excitation wavelength. For both isomer pairs, it has been found that the spectra of their solid-state luminescence overlap insignificantly, the characteristic peaks do not coincide and do not overlap, the sensitivities of detection are close to each other, which makes it possible to consider this technique as promising to control PAH contamination sources.

Solvent Effect on the Solid-Surface Fluorescence of Pyrene on Cellulose Diacetate Matrices

The effect of the solvent nature (acetonitrile, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and dioxane) and its concentration on the fluorescence intensity of pyrene sorbed on the cellulose diacetate (CDA) film from a water-organic solution was studied. Dimethyl sulfoxide and ethanol are shown to be the most effective solvent additives for pyrene solid-surface fluorescence (SSF). The maximum SSF signal of pyrene was found upon sorption of the substance from aqueous media containing 1.2-4.2 vol% DMSO. For the pyrene quantitation the concentration dependence of its SSF intensity at the maximum of the spectrum at = 394 nm and = 320 nm was plotted. The dependence has a linear character in the pyrene concentration range 2·10−6 - 2·10-8 g/L, and the limit of pyrene detection is 2·10-11 g/L. The possibility of determining benzo(a)pyrene using SSF technique with the CDA matrix is proved. The proposed method is promising for use in environmental monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

The effect of millimeter waves at the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae during heliogeophysical disturbances

The isolated and combined effect of heliogeophysical factors and low intensive electromagnetic radiation of millimeter diapason at the metachromasia reaction of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied. It was established that longterm influence of EMR 65 GHz induced changes in the response of cells towards heliogeomagnetic disturbance. On our opinion millimeter waves may reduce the effect of heliogeophysical factors on living organisms because of destabilization of the intracellular water structure.

Computer design of tetrapeptide CCK-4 analogues

In this paper we propose a theoretical method of estimation of biological activity of tetrapeptide cholecystokinin (CCK- 4) analogues according to their structure. The method is based on the prospective mechanism of CCK-4 interaction with CCK-2 receptor. Electron and structural properties of CCK-4 are taken into account. The relationship structure-activity for CCK-4 analogues with the known pharmacological profile have been studied using the model of the ligand-receptor interaction.

Optical methods in modeling nicotine effect on the surface water of cell membranes

Fluorescence and spectrophotometric methods have been used for investigation of nicotine action on the state and mobility of the surface water. The surfaces of membranes and proteins were simulated with the help of liposomes and ultradispersive diamonds consequently. Nicotine was shown to reduce the stability of liposomes and to change the aggregative ability of ultradispersive diamonds. The wave-like curves for the nicotine concentration dependences of the pointed features were observed. Such shape of responses was suggested to be due to the changing in structure and dynamics of water hydrogen bonds net near the surface of the model systems induced by nicotine molecules. The surface water phase was supposed to be one of signal elements ofthe ligand receptor recognition process.

Computer simulation of structure and mobility of water hydrogen bonds net in aqueous solutions of some chemical compounds

Computer simulation of aqueous solutions of some biological active and inactive compounds has been carried out. Molecular dynamics method and TIP3P potential were used. The parameters of hydrogen bonds net were calculated by using the developed computer program. The simulation showed that relatively large clusters of water molecules appeared and the average number of hydrogen bonds decreased in the aqueous solutions of biological active compounds. It points to the fact that these compounds may induce the phase k-transition in the surrounding water. Molecular mechanisms ofthese effects are discussed.

Optical methods for creating delivery systems of chemical compounds to plant roots

Spectrophotometric and fluorescence methods have been used for creation and investigation of various systems of target delivery of chemical compounds to roots of plants. The possibility of using liposomes, incrusted by polysaccharides of the external surface of nitrogen-fixing rizospheric bacteria Azospirillum brasilense SP 245, and nanoparticles incrusted by polysaccharides of wheat roots, as the named systems has been shown. The important role of polysaccharide-polysaccharide interaction in the adsorption processes of bacteria on wheat roots has been demonstrated.