Swaleha Naseem

Influence of Ce doping on optical and dielectric properties of TiO2

Rare earth ion (Ce) doped TiO2 and pure TiO2 nanostructured were prepared by sol gel acid modified technique and calcinated at 450°C. Microstructural studies and thermal analysis were carried by XRD and TGA respectively. The results of structural characterization show the formation of all samples in single phase without any impurity. Optical properties were studied by UV- visible spectroscopy and band gap energy was estimated 3.04 eV and 3.14 eV for pure and Ce doped TiO2 respectively. Room temperature dielectric constant (e’) decreases abruptly at lower frequencies owing to the charge transport relaxation. The observed behavior of the dielectric properties can be attributed on the basis of Koop’s theory based on Maxwell-Wagner’s two layer model in studied nanoparticles.

Microstructural, optical and electrical properties of LaFe0.5Cr0.5O3 perovskite nanostructures

Perovskite nanocrystalline powder of LaFe0.5Cr0.5O3 was synthesized by sol-gel combustion route and characterized by x-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with EDS, UV-visible and LCR meter at room temperature Rietveld refinement of the XRD data confirms that the sample is in single phase-rhombohedral structure with space group R-3C. SEM micrograph shows clear nanostructure of the sample and EDS ensures the presence of all elements in good stoichiometric. The optical absorption indicates the maximum absorption at 315 nm and optical band gap of 2.94 eV was estimated using Tauc’s relation. Dielectric constant (e’) and loss were found to decrease with increase in frequencies. The dielectric behavior was explained on the basis of Maxwell-Wagner’s two layer model.

Room Temperature Optical and Dielectric Properties of Sr and Ni Doped Lanthanum Ferrite Nanoparticles

Strontium and nickel doped lanthanum ferrite (LaFeO3) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared reverse micelle (RM) and calcinated at 700°C. Microstructural studies were carried by XRD and SEM/EDS techniques. The results of structural characterization show the formation of all samples in single phase without any impurity. Optical properties were studied by UV- visible spectroscopy and band gap energy was estimated 3.89 eV. Room temperature dielectric constant (e’) decreases abruptly at lower frequencies owing to the charge transport relaxation time. The observed behavior of the dielectric properties can be attributed on the basis of Koop’s theory based on Maxwell-Wagner’s two layer model in studied nanoparticles.

Microstructural, optical and dielectric properties of La0.8Ba0.2FeO3 nanostructures synthesized by sol-gel combustion method

Barium doped lanthanum ferrite (LaFeO3) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by gel combustion method and calcinated at 700°C. Microstructural studies were carried by XRD and SEM techniques. The results of structural characterization show the formation of all samples in single phase without any impurity. Optical properties were studied by UV- visible technique. The energy band gap was calculated and obtained 3.01 eV. Dielectric properties characterized by LCR meter and have been observed appreciable changes. The observed behavior of the dielectric properties can be attributed on the basis of Koop’s theory based on Maxwell-Wagner two layer models in studied nanoparticles.

Variation in band gap of lanthanum chromate by transition metals doping LaCr0.9A0.1O3 (A:Fe/Co/Ni)

Transition metal (Fe, Co, Ni) doped lanthanum chromate (LaCrO3) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by gel combustion method and calcinated at 800°C. Microstructural studies were carried by XRD and SEM/EDS techniques. The results of structural characterization show the formation of all samples in single phase without any impurity. Optical properties were studied by UV- visible and photoluminescence techniques. The energy band gap was calculated and the variation was observed with the doping of transition metal ions. Photoluminescence spectra show the emission peak maxima for the pure LaCrO3 at about 315 nm. Influence of Fe, Co, Ni doping was studied and compared with pure lanthanum chromate nanoparticles.

Influence of Zn incorporation on the microstructural and magnetic properties of La0.67Sr0.33Mn1−xZnxO3 nanoparticles synthesised by the sol–gel method

Abstract Perovskite manganite nanoparticles with the chemical formula La0.67Sr0.33Mn1−xZnxO3 (x = 0, 0.1 and 0.2) were prepared by the sol–gel process and the influence of Zn substitution on their microstructural and magnetic properties studied in detail. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed for crystal structure determination and microstructural analysis. The results of XRD analysis confirmed the polycrystalline nature and rhombohedral crystal structure with space group R(-3c) for all compositions. SEM micrographs of the samples revealed an agglomeration/well-connected appearance of the particles. The composition and uniform distribution of all the elements were established by energy-dispersive spectroscopy. TEM images clearly confirmed an almost spherical shape of the nanoparticles with an average particle size of about 11, 14 and 13 nm for the 0, 10 and 20% Zn-doped samples, respectively. The magnetic behaviour of the nanoparticles was studied at room temperature with a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) up to a field of 1.8 Tesla. These measurements established a superparamagnetic nature with a variation in the saturation magnetization (Ms) with Zn content.

Exploring the Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism and Temperature-Dependent Dielectric Properties of Sr/Ni-Doped LaFeO 3 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Reverse Micelle Method

This paper reports the thermal, microstructural, dielectric and magnetic properties of La0.75Sr0.25Fe0.65Ni0.35O3 nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized via reverse micelle technique. The thermogravimetric analysis of as-prepared NPs confirmed a good thermal stability of the sample. Powder x-ray diffraction data analyzed with a Rietveld refinement technique revealed single-phase and orthorhombic distorted perovskite crystal structure of the NPs having Pbnm space group. The transmission electron microscopy images show the crystalline nature and formation of nanostructures with a fairly uniform distribution of particles throughout the sample. Temperature-dependent dielectric properties of the NPs in accordance with the Kramers–Kronig transformation (KKT) model, universal dielectric response model and jump relaxation model have been discussed. Electrode or interface polarization is likely the cause of the observed dielectric behavior. Due to grain boundaries and Schottky barriers of the metallic electrodes of semiconductors, the depletion region is observed, which gives rise to Maxwell–Wagner relaxation and hence high dielectric constants. Magnetic studies revealed the ferromagnetic nature of the prepared NPs upon Sr and Ni doping in LaFeO3 perovskite at room temperature. Therefore, these NPs could be a potential candidate as electrode material in solid oxide fuel cells.

Microstructural and optical properties of Mn doped NiO nanostructures synthesized via sol-gel method

Undoped and Mn(0, 5%, 10% and 15%) doped NiO nanostructures were synthesized by sol-gel method. Structure, morphology and optical properties were investigated through XRD, FTIR, SEM/EDS and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy techniques. XRD data analysis reveals the single phase nature with cubic crystal symmetry of the samples and the average crystallite size decreases with the doping of Mn ions upto 10%. FTIR spectra further confirmed the purity and composition of the synthesized samples. The non-spherical shape of the nanostructures was observed from SEM micrographs and gain size of the nanostructures reduces with Mn doping in NiO, whereas agglomeration increases in doped sample. Optical band gap was estimated using Tauc’srelation and found to increase on incorporation of Mn upto 10% in host lattice and then decreases for further doping.

Influence of rare earth ions on microstructural and optical properties of ZnO nanostructures

Pure and 3% rare earth ions (Nd3+ & Gd3+) doped ZnO samples were synthesized by sol-gel method, followed by annealing at temperature 450°C for 2hr. The samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy. XRD result confirmed single phase nature of all samples with crystalline structure. The average crystallite size of the doped samples found to be decreases as caculated using Debye-Scherrer’s formula. FTIR spectra indicate absorption band centered at 464 cm−1 which is attributed to Zn-O lattice vibration. It confirms the formaton of compounds. UV-visible spectroscopy was used to study the optical properties and band gap of the synthesised materials using Tauc’s relation.