Syed Mubashar Sabir

Phenolic profile, antioxidant potential and DNA damage protecting activity of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum).

The present study investigated the antioxidant and phenolic composition of sugarcane. The leaves and juices of thirteen varieties of sugarcane were studied for their antioxidant activity and protective effect on DNA damage. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay was used to determine the radical scavenging activities in leaves and juices. Different varieties of sugarcane showed good antioxidant properties, IC50 values ranged from 20.82 to 27.47 μg/ml for leaves and from 63.95 to higher than 200 μg/ml for juice. The leaves and juice possess strong ability to protect against DNA damage induced by hydroxyl radical generated in Fenton reaction. The major phenolic acids, some flavonoid aglycone and glycosides were identified in leaves by high performance liquid chromatography. Ferulic acid (14.63 ± 0.03 mg/g), cumaric acid (11.65 ± 0.03 mg/g), quercetrin (10.96 ± 0.02 mg/g), caffeic acid (9.16 ± 0.01 mg/g) and ellagic acid (9.03 ± 0.02 mg/g) were prédominant in infusion of sugarcane.

Detection of drought tolerant sugarcane genotypes (Saccharum officinarum) using lipid peroxidation, antioxidant activity, glycine-betaine and proline contents

Thirteen genotypes of sugarcane were exposed to different drought stress intensities followed by a period of stress relief. Different biomarkers were used to analyze the stress tolerance in leaves which include DPPH activity, proline, glycine betaine, lipid peroxidation and phenolic contents against different doses of Polyethylene glycol. Relatively the concentrations of all biochemical markers were increased when PEG concentration was increased. On the basis of lipid peroxidation, glycine betaine and proline contents, HSF-242, Lho-83, HSF-240, CP-77-400, CPF-198, NSG-45, NSG-60 and NSG-555 were found to be drought tolerant genotypes. In conclusion the drought stress-induced changes are reversible, at the cellular level in sugarcane.

Antioxidant activities and phenolic composition of Olive (Olea europaea) leaves

The present study compares the antioxidant activities of leaves of eight cultivars of olive. The aqueous extracts of leaves showed inhibition against thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) induced by pro-oxidant (10 µM FeSO 4 ) in mice liver. The order of the antioxidant activity among cultivars on lipid peroxidation assay is Gemlik > Frantio > Doleca-Agogia > Moriolo > Mission > Uslu > Leccino > Carotina. Different varieties of olive showed good antioxidant properties, IC 50 values ranged between22.46 to 198 µg/ml on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The major phenolic acids, some flavonoid aglycone and glycosides were identified in leaves by high performance liquid chromatography. Ellagic acid (29.80 ± 0.02 mg/g), caffeic acid (15.73 ± 0.01mg/g), gallic acid (15.69 ± 0.01 mg/g), rutin (34.56 ± 0.03 mg/g), quercetin (16.41 ± 0.01 mg/g), epicatechin (11.04 ± 0.01 11.04 ± 0.01 mg/g) and quercetrin (15.32 ± 0.03 mg/g) were predominant in infusion of olive.

Morphological and biochemical comparison of Hippophae rhamnoides, Elaeagnus umbellata and Crataegus oxyacantha intra- and interspecifically

The hilly areas of Pakistan are very rich in medicinal plants. Among these, Hippophae rhamnoides ssp turkestanica L., Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. and Crataegus oxyacantha L. are native plants of Northern Pakistan. Intra- and interspecific comparisons were made to investigate their morphological and biochemical composition using morpho-molecular techniques. The comparisons indicated large genetic and biochemical variation among the populations of each species and between the different species. The sodium dodecyl sulphate polycrylamide gel electro- phoresis comparisons using total seed proteins of Hippophae rhamnoides, Elaeagnus umbellata and Crataegus oxyacantha indicated many common proteins and some variable proteins among the species. The biochemical comparison of Vitamin C, fatty oil and phytosterol content was also found to be variable among the species. Vitamin C and fatty oil contents were highest in Hippophae rhamnoides while phytosterol content was highest in Crataegus oxyacantha when compared with the other species tested in this study. Significant variation in morphological characters including plant height, number of branches per plant, number of thorns, plant canopy and berry weight was also observed in these three plant species.

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of S-Carvone Isolated from Zanthoxylum alatum

Zanthoxylum alatum Roxb. is a medicinal plant which abundantly grows in the hilly areas of Pakistan. The dried fruit of the plant is used as condiment and has excellent spice value. S-carvone was isolated from Zanthoxylum alatum, purified using chromatographic methods, and studied by GC-MC, FT-IR, and NMR techniques. The in vitro antioxidant activity of carvone was evaluated by different in vitro systems, including lipid peroxidation, 2,2-dipenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and phosphomolybdenum assay. The isolated carvone showed inhibition activity against thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) induced by different pro-oxidants (10 M FeSO4 and 5 μM sodium nitroprusside) in rat liver and brain homogenates. The extract also caused the scavenging of DPPH radical and the reduction of molybdenum, Mo(VI) to Mo(V). The results indicated that S-carvone possesses high antioxidant activity.

Antioxidant activity and inhibitory effect of cultivars of Olive (Olea europaea) against lipid peroxidation in mice liver (Fare karaciğeri lipid peroksidayonuna karşi kültür zeytin'in Olive (Olea europaea) antioksidant ve inhibisyon etkileri)

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and the possible protective effects of seven cultivars of olive on lipid peroxidation induced by iron in mice liver. Methods: Antioxidant activity was evaluated by using different assays, including thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), total antioxidant, 2,2-diphenlyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and metal ion-chelating activities. Results: The aqueous extracts of fruit showed inhibition against thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) induced by pro-oxidant (10 μM FeSO4) in mice liver. The order of the antioxidant activity among different cultivars on lipid peroxidation assay is Maurino>Mission> Picholine>Ascolano>Carolea>Itrana>Pedolina. Moreover, the free radical scavenging activities of the extracts was evaluated by the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical (IC50, 85.9 μg/ml (Ascolano), 82.1 μg/ml (Mission), Pedolino and Carolea >200 μg/ml, 85.1 μg/ml (Picholine), 143.6 μg/ml (Maurino) and 150 μg/ml (Itrana). Principal component analysis showed that phenolics and flavonoids contributed to the antioxidant activity of olives. Conclusion: The oxidative stress in liver can be potentially managed/prevented by the dietary intake of olive fruit. Özet Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, fare karaciğerinde demir ile indüklenen lipit peroksidayonu üzerine, yedi farklı kültür zeytininin total fenolik ve flavanoidlerinin in vitro antioksidant aktivitelerini incelemektir. Metod: Antioksidant aktiviteler, tiyobarbitürik asit reaktif türler (TBARS), total antioksidant, 2,2-diphenlyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radikali ve metal iyon şelatlama aktiviteleri gibi farklı metotlarla incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Meyve ekstraktları fare karaciğerinde, pro-oksiidant (10 μM FeSO4) ile indüklenen TBARS üzerine inhibiyon etkisi göstermiştir. Lipit peroksidayonu üzerine farklı kültürlerin antioksidant aktiviteleri sırasıyla Maurino>Mission>Picholine>Ascolano>Carolea>Itrana> Pedolina’dır. Bunlardan başka, ekstraktların serbest radikal yakalama aktiviteleri 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radikali ile ölçülmüştür. Buna gore türe gore IC50’ler 85.9 μg/ml (Ascolano), 82.1 μg/ml (Mission), Pedolino and Carolea >200 μg/ml, 85.1 μg/ml (Picholine), 143.6 μg/ml (Maurino) and 150 μg/ml (Itrana) olarak bulunmuştur. Zeytindeki fenoliklerin ve flavanoidlerin antioksidant aktivitesi gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Diyetsel zeytin alımıyla karaciğer oksidatif stressi potensiyal olarak önlendi.

Antioxidant properties of Elaeagnus umbellata berry solvent extracts against lipid peroxidation in mice brain and liver tissues

Elaeagnus umbellata is a plant that grows in the hilly areas of Pakistan. Free radical scavenging activities and anti-lipid peroxidative properties of hot water, methanol, n-hexane, and acetone extracts of E. umbellata berries were evaluated. Extracts showed inhibition against thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) induced using the pro-oxidants iron (10 μM FeSO4) and sodium nitroprusside (5 μM) in brain and liver homogenates of mice. Extracts also showed metal chelating activities of IC50 (extract concentration that causes 50% scavenging)=40–43 μg/mL and DPPH radical scavenging activities of IC50=45.4–49 μg/mL. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of gallic, vanillic, coumaric, ferulic, sinapic, and caffeic acids in berries. The fruit of E. umbellata is a potential source of antioxidants with therapeutic importance.

Antioxidant activities and inhibitory effect of Taraxacum officinale, Cichorium intybus and Lectuca sativa on prooxidant induced lipid peroxidation in mice liver

Article history: Received: May 6, 2016 Accepted: December 13, 2017 This study reports the antioxidant and protective properties of three dietary plants, Taraxacum officinale, Cichorium intybus and Lectuca sativa on lipid peroxidation in mice liver. Extracts showed significant (p = 0.0392) inhibition against thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) induced using the prooxidants iron (10 μM FeSO4) and sodium nitroprusside (5 μM) in liver homogenates of mice. Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated by the quenching of DPPH radical (p=0.00236). Extracts also showed metal chelating activities (p=0.00143) and high antioxidant activity in phosphomolybdenum assay (p=0.00246). The high content (p=0.000243) of phenolics and flavonoids were detected in aqueous extracts of the plants which may be responsible for antioxidant activities. Taraxacum officinale comparatively showed higher antioxidant activities followed by Cichorium intybus and Lectuca sativa. It is concluded that polyphenolic-rich extracts of studied plants are potential sources of natural antioxidants.

Antioxidant Activities and Inhibitory Effects of Dietary Plants against Sodium Nitroprusside Induced Lipid Peroxidation in the Mouse Brain and Liver

The antioxidant properties of aqueous extracts of 6 medicinal plants, Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia chebula (black and yellow), Terminalia arjuna, Balsamodendron Mukul, and Alium sativum against lipid peroxidation in mouse tissues were investigated. Extracts showed inhibition against thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) induced by pro-oxidant (5 μM sodium nitroprusside) in the mouse brain and liver. Extracts displayed high free radical scavenging activities against DPPH (IC50, 23.23±1.2 μg/mL, P. emblica), 20.24±0.9 μg/mL (T. chebula yellow), 17.33±1.1 μg/mL (T. chebula black), 19.44±0.45 μg/mL (T. arjuna), 56.59±2.1 μg/mL (Balsamo-dendron Mukul), and higher than 200 μg/mL (A. sativum). Higher antioxidant and inhibitory effects of T. chebula black are attributed to a higher phenolic content, Fe(II) chelating ability, reducing ability, nitric oxide radical scavenging, and free radical scavenging activity. Oxidative stress in the brain and liver could potentially be managed/prevented by dietary intake of these plants.