T.A. Kannan

Thymic Hassall’s corpuscles in Nandanam chicken - light and electronmicroscopic perspective ( Gallus domesticus )

The present study was aimed to study the light and electron microscopic studies of thymic Hassall’s corpuscles was done in various age groups of Nandanam Chicken ranging from day-old to forty weeks. Hassall’s corpuscles are special, unique structures present in thymic medulla and also in the cortex of all the age groups of Nandanam chicken (from hatch to forty weeks) in the present study. Size of the Hassall’s corpuscles in the medulla is larger than the ones present in the cortical region of thymus. The Hassall’s corpuscles are made up of structureless eosinophilic mass surrounded by concentrically arranged reticuloepithelial cells. Under electron microscope, the Hassall’s corpuscles were composed of reticuloepithelial cells interconnected by many desmosomes. The epithelial cells had abundance of cytoplasmic fibrils and desmosomes with few mitochondria and ribosomes. The nucleus was oval or round which was slightly indented. The centre of the Hassall’s corpuscles was appeared either solid or cystic. The cystic corpuscles had cell debris within the cyst lumen.

Differential expression of toll‐like receptor mRNA in corneal epithelium of ruminants

PURPOSE The present study was carried out to identify and assess the expression levels of toll-like receptors (TLRs) 1-10 mRNA in corneal epithelial cells of buffalo, goat, sheep and bull. MATERIALS AND METHODS The globes from the respective species were collected and the corneal epithelium was denuded. The expression levels of the different TLR mRNAs were assessed by densitometry of the band intensities following reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS In all species TLR5 and TLR7 were highly expressed with lower levels of TLR10. The TLR6 mRNA levels were the lowest in the cornea of bull. The TLR2 expression was high in sheep and bulls, while TLR4 mRNA was higher in sheep alone. The level of the other TLRs varied across other species. CONCLUSION Based on these observations it may be inferred that these animals would be resistant to flagellin (TLR5) and single-stranded RNA viruses (TLR7), while sheep alone may show more resistance to lipo-polysaccharide (TLR4) and peptidoglycan (TLR2)-mediated injury of the cornea. This work reports for the first time the expression of TLR mRNAs in the corneal epithelial cells of farm animals. The relationship of the TLR mRNA levels to corneal disease susceptibilities and pathogenicity remains to be explored further.

Morphology, Distribution and Functional Significance of Dendritic Cells (DCs) in the Skin of Domestic Animals

Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous population of leukocytes that are critical in orchestrating immune responses in skin and also in mucosa (Manickam et al., 2007), and contain large organelles called Birbeck granules (Young et al., 2000). These cells are also known as antigen-presenting immune cells associated with squamous epithelia and mucosa. DCs were first described by Paul Langerhans, in 1868, as dendritic shaped cells, which are located in the squamous epithelia of epidermis. Later on, these cells are identified in all stratified squamous epithelium in mammals. The DCs originate from the bone International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 05 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

In-vitro Labelling of Ovine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (oADMSCs) and Tracking Using MRI Technique

Abstract To understand the mechanisms standing behind a successful stem cell-based therapy, the monitoring of transplanted cell’s migration, homing as well as the engraftment efficiency and functional capability in-vivo has become a critical issue. The present study was designed to track the labelled oADMSCs in-vitro and its visualization through MRI technique. oADMSCs from passage 4 (P-4) to passage 6 (P-6) were labelled with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) conjugated with rhodamine (Molday Ion Rhodamine-B - MIRB) at the concentration of 25μg Fe/ml in DMEM. Internalized MIRB was observed under fluorescent microscope after 72 hrs of incubation. Labelled oADMSCs showed Prussian Blue positive reaction demonstrating the iron uptake of the cells. The viability of the MIRB-labelled oADMSCs ranged between 98-99 per cent and Trypan blue exclusion test showed no significant difference in viability between labelled and unlabelled oADMSCs. MR signal in control group of cells was similar to that of water. MR signals or fluorescence in MIRB-labelled cells decreased with increasing concentrations of iron. The T2 weighted images of MIRB-labelled oADMSCs increased with increasing concentrations of SPIOs. The MIRB was found to be nontoxic, and did not affect proliferation capacity in-vitro.

In-Vitro Culture Morphology of Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSCs) in Mice

Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSCs) from pre and post-pubertal age groups of mice were isolated by two step enzymatic digestion method and cultured in six-well plates. The in-vitro culture morphology of the SSCs was observed upto passage 2. In primary culture (P0), on day two, the cells were single and transparent. On day 4, the colony forming unit consisted of four to five cells. Three dimensional colonies were observed on day seven post incubation. From day eight onwards, the cells had spindle shape and showed varied morphology till twelve days post incubation. Double nucleolus is prominent in cells on day eight post incubation. In passage 1, though the cells exhibited different morphology viz., round, stellate, polyhedral, and triangular, the stellate cells were found to be more. In passage 2, the spindle-shaped cells with prominent nucleoli were often observed. Other cell morphology like round, stellate, polyhedral and triangular cells were also observed.