T. Coury

Competição entre adubos fosfatados em milho (Zea mays L)

This paper relates the results of an experiment designed to study the comparative effects of several phosphates applied to corn crops. The following phosphates were applied to a latin square of 6x6: Latif (a rock phosphate), fospal, superphosphate, fertifos, hiperfosfato and serranafosfato (a fusion phosphate). The nutrients were employd at the rates of 200 kg of N (as Chilean nitrate), 200kg of K2O (as muriate of potash) and 200 kg of P205. To correct the acidity and to improve the poor physical conditions of the sandy soil studied limestone (450 kg/Ha) and cotton seed meal (900 kg/Ha) were added to all plots; liming was made one month in advance to the planting. In the second year, in the same place, the split-plot technique was used: half plot received only N and K20 whereas the other half received the same treatment as the year before. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. in the first year, superphosphate of lime, produced better results than the other phosphates; there was no significant difference among fertifos, serranafosfato, and hiperfosfato but these phosphates proved to be superior to fospal and Latif; 2. in the second year, superphosphate, fertifos and serranafosfato produced practically the same effect, being better than hiperfosfato, fospal, and Latif which did not differ signicantly; 3. the increase in yield due to the reapplication of phosphates to the half plots was not advantageous under an economic point of view; however, it is interesting to note that the yield was still benefited in spite of the heavy doses of phosphates applied the year before.

Estudo sobre a solubilidade de fosfatos em ácido cítrico a 2

Os autores procederam a um estudo da solubilidade de seis fosfatos (sendo cinco naturais - Hiperfosfato, Fosfato da Florida, Fosfato de Olinda, Fosfato Alvorada e Apatita do Araxa e um resultante de tratamento termico de um minerio fosfatado com serpentina - Termofosfato) em acido citrico a 2 % variando-se as proporcoes fosfato-acido citrico de modo a se obter as relacoes 1:100,1:200,1:300,1:400,1:500,1:750 e 1:1000. O Termofosfato foi o adubo que apresentou maior solubilidade para todas as relacoes fosfato: acido citrico, sendo seguido de perto pelo Hiperfosfato a partir da relacao 1:400. O Fosfato Alvorada e a Apatita do Araxa apresentaram as mais baixas solubilidades sendo que curva de solubilidade o primeiro foi bastante semelhante a da apatita. Fosfato da Florida e Fosfato de Olinda formaram um grupo de solubilidade intermediarias.

As tortas de cacau e de algodão na adubação da cana

This paper deals with a field trial executed to compare cotton seed and cacau meals in the fertilization of sugar cane, variety Co290. The design chosen was a latin square of 6 x 6. The following conclusions can be drawn: 1. Cottonseed meal revealed to be statistically superior to cacau meal, being even superior to the mineral fertilizers plus cacau meal treatment. 2. From an economical point of view cotton seed meal, as a fertilizer for sugar cane, can not be substituted by cacau meal.

Vinhaça e adubos minerais(I)

In this paper it is studied the action of vinasse as compared to mineral fertilizers. Beans, corn, cotton and sesame were cultivated in randomized blocks receiving the following treatments: A = mineral fertilizers (N, P, K); V = vinasse at the rate of 1,000,000 liters per Ha; AV = mineral fertilizers + vinasse; T = control. Statistical analysis of the experiments has consistently revealed the superiority of vinasse either combined or not with the mineral fertilizers over the remaining treatments. There was no significant difference between V and AV which shows the surprizing role of vinasse when applied to light soils such as those employed in the present experiments. By employing 1,000,000 liters of vinasse to the hectare the following amounts of nutrientes were applied to the crops in this experiment: 470 Kg of nitrogen 50 Kg of P2O5 and 3,100 Kg of K2O corresponds to 3,133 Kg of Chilean nitrate/ha 250 Kg of superphosphate and 5,160 Kg of muriate of potash Hence one cannot say that the action of vinasse is of a purely physical nature. In our opinion its outstanding action is due to: 1st raise in the pH value of the soil; 2nd addition of a tremendous amount of plant nutrients; 3rd supplying organic matter in a very finely divided state with all its benefical effects in soil structure, water holding capacity, adsorption of nutrients to prevent leaching, etc. A rotation experiment is now being carried out to study the residual effect of vinasse.