T. Dróżdż

Effect of pulsed electric field strength and number of pulses on fatty acid profile of liquid whole egg

The influence of strength and pulses number of Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) treatment on fatty acid profile in liquid whole egg (LWE) was investigated in our studies. It was stated that pulsed electric field treatment had significant influence on the most of investigated parameters. There was not statistically difference for monounsaturated fatty acids amount before and after PEF treatment. Nevertheless all fatty acids parameters were influenced by PEF within variant groups according to Response Surface Methodology results. Our studies proved that investigated parameters of PEF treatment are very important not only in micro flora reduction context, but also for chemical composition changes of final product.

Sterowanie piecem indukcyjnym do laboratoryjnego spalania biomasy

The paper presents the concept of modernization of the induction furnace designed for laboratory biomass combustion. This entails the use of a programmable logic controller (PLC) to control the combustion temperature of samples of biomass. Developed one of the main control program, consisting of several sub-schemes. Results of laboratory tests have confirmed the effectiveness of w / w induction furnace control system. (The control program for laboratory induction furnace combustion of biomass) Słowa kluczowe: piec indukcyjny, sterownik PLC, algorytm regulacji PID.

Nakłady energetyczne procesu peletowania wybranych rodzajów biomasy

Streszczenie. W pracy przeprowadzono analizę nakładów energetycznych ponoszonych na proces peletowania zmielonej biomasy kilku gatunków roślin. Wybrane rośliny to gatunki uprawiane na cele energetyczne w polskich warunkach klimatycznych. Materiał do badań pozyskany został z poletek doświadczalnych Uniwersytetu Rolniczego im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowie. Badania przeprowadzano na linii peletującej MGL 200 firmy Kovo Novak. Przy uwzględnieniu aktualnej ceny energii elektrycznej, określono minimalne i maksymalne koszty peletowania kilograma badanych rodzajów biomasy. Abstract. The paper analyzes energy inputs incurred in the process of pelletizing milled biomass of several species of plants. Selected plant species are cultivated for energy purposes in Polish climatic conditions. Material for the study was acquired from experimental plots of University of Agriculture in Krakow. The study was conducted on the line pelletizing MGL 200 from Kovo Novak. Taking into account the current price of electricity, specified the minimum and maximum costs of pelletizing one kilogram of investigated types of biomass. (Pelletizing process energy inputs selected types of biomass).

Impact of pulsed electric field on the quality of unpasteurized beer

This work presents an attempt at determination of the impact of Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) on the selected quality characteristics of the Czech unpasteurized beer Muderlant. To make this determination possible, the studied material was subjected to the impact of 200, 300 or 400 PEF pulses using a prototype laboratory high voltage generator. The efficiency of the method in relation to reduction of selected microorganisms and to inhibition of their growth was confirmed under refrigeration storage up to 72 (h). Lower beer bitterness and turbidity were also observed after PEF use, which should be considered a beneficial result. However, a negative impact of PEF was observed in terms of lower anti-radical ABTS activity and polyphenol content in the beer.

A Formal Model in Control Systems Design

The article describes a method for compiling the control algorithm using computer simulation in MATLAB/Simulink software. The process of the closed control system design is the implementation of the methodology using a formal model. The essence of the control system operation is presented in the block diagrams. Logical verification (off-line simulation) of the correct functioning of the control system based on the formal model was carried out. Simulation has not revealed operation errors ‒ the model calculated the correct output signal values for the simulated values of the input signal. The laboratory stand for hardware verification (on-line simulation) has been developed. Some elements of a real control object were included in the feedback loop of the virtual control system, stored in the computer memory. The course of the hardware verification of the proposed solution has been presented. With a specific signal from the real measuring element, the system calculated the control signal for the real actuator correctly.

High Frequency Induction Tube Furnace for Determination of Ash Melting Temperature

Abstract The article describes the designed and manufactured tube furnace intended for, inter alia, determining the melting temperature of ash conforming to the standard of ISO-540:2001. The possibility of digital sample observation and several programs controlling the obtainable temperature enable to determine the test cycle in any case (convenient for the researcher). Reduction of testing time allows for the analysis of the observed phenomena, as well as more detailed research plan of samples, where substantial changes have been demonstrated.

Wave channel moisture sensor for biomass materials

This paper presents results of the initial research into application of microwave techniques for measuring the moisture content in wood biomass. The goal of the research was to develop a control system for continuous monitoring of moisture control during the manufacturing process. We propose using a closed, low-energy microwave circuit, through a rectangular flow-through chamber with a unique profile. Results of the initial laboratory testing are promising. They indicate that this technique has the potential for an industrial application and may lead to a development of a simple and cost effective, continuous moisture control system. The research required designing a complex wave channel and high-precision manufacturing to build a laboratory prototype. The research team then conducted extensive testing of the prototype, including microwave leakage impact on the safety of the workplace. The paper also presents qualitative analysis.