T. S. Yusupov

Application of Mechanically Stimulated Combustion Reactions in Processing of Geological Materials

Based on the literature review, the use of methods for metallothermy and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis is considered for processing different geological materials. Combination of mechanochemistry and these methods allows to avoid agglomeration of the products due to high temperature. Mechanically stimulated exothermic processes proceed both in combustion regime and at lower temperature, which makes it possible to combine opening and processing of mineral and technogenic raw material with production of highly dispersed materials.

Flotation behavior of sulfides on mechanical activation

Mechanical activation during grinding affects the flotability of pyrite, arsenopyrite, and galena. It is established that the S, Fe, and As atoms at the surfaces of the initial materials are mainly in the oxidized state. The transformations occurring on the surfaces of mechanically activated sulfide minerals are the cause of the changes in flotability.

Tribochemical treatment of feldspathic-quartz ore in froth separation

Principles of tribochemical treatment of minerals have been developed to control the mineral flotation ability. It is found that floatability of quartz depends on the quartz electronic structure. Using feldspathic-quartz ore as an example, the authors illustrate the improvement in separability of the minerals and the ecological friendliness of the tribochemical treatment.

Control of Cation-Exchange Interaction between Zeolites and Phosphates on the Basis of Soft Mechanochemical Activation

The behavior of clinoptilolite-phosphorite mixtures in the citric-acid medium and the influence exerted by mixture composition on kinetics of extracting P2O5 into 2% citric acid solution are investigated. It is established that as the zeolite : phosphorite mass ratio grows, the content of citric-soluble P2O5 increases in the mixtures, and the preliminary soft mechanochemical activation of phosphorite raises extraction of phosphorus to the acid media by a factor of 10-15. This favors the solution of agrochemical problems using zeolite-phosphate mixtures of different composition.

State and perspectives of natural zeolite beneficiation

The efficiency is studied and evaluation is made of the principal methods of concentration of zeolite raw materials, the essential features of which consist in the use of difference in the structure, particle size, density, and magnetic susceptibility of the minerals. A scheme is proposed for magnetic-gravity concentration of zeolites of the Shivyrtuisk deposit.

Controlled changes in technological properties of phosphates in mechanical activation with zeolites

A study has been made of the solid-phase mechanochemical modification of the natural zeolite-clinoptilolite by calcium phosphate in grinding equipment of increased energy intensity. It is shown that the extraction of phosphorus into a citric acid solution is very nearly unchanged as the intensity of mechanical actions is increased. Feasibility has been established for controlled change in the ratio of water-soluble and agrochemically active citric-soluble forms of P2O5.

Improvement of dissociation of rebellious minerals

Under analysis is low efficiency of drum mills when dissociating higher strength aggregates of rebellious ore. It is shown that the main reason is insufficient destructive force. The structural–chemical characteristics of mineral aggregates and the role of defects in their dissociation are described. The author evaluates principles of estimating required energy input to dissociate aggregates composed of minerals with different types and values of interatomic and intermolecular bonds under high-power and high-velocity free impacts in disintegrators. By way of example, velocities of collision between minerals and disintegrator tools in dissociation of aggregates of sulfide and rare-metal ores and coal are given.

Analysis of different-type mechanical effects on selectivity of mineral dissociation

The authors have tested effect of mechanical impact type and energy on selectivity of spodumene ore breakage in a disintegrator and in vibratory and ball mills in terms of pegmatite with lithium content of 0.1%. It is shown that the highest efficiency of mineral dissociation is achieved in disintegration by free impact. Analysis of grain-size distribution and chemical composition and the X-ray study also reveal advantage of the disintegration process, which allows higher content and recovery of lithium in concentrate at reduced sliming.

Prediction of structural–chemical change in minerals under mechanical impact during milling

There is sufficient experimental database thus far collected on structural and chemical changes in minerals with different types of chemical bonding under activation milling. The research has shown the possibility to predict specifics of grinding and defect formation in minerals with different types of chemical bonding. The article shows that type and number of defects formed on the surface of minerals govern important processing properties of the minerals such as capacities to be hydrated, dissolved, floated etc.

Analysis of material composition and dissociation potential of minerals in mine waste to assess productivity of lithium concentrates

Considering lack of lithium, the authors believe it is advisable to analyze dressability of spodumene concentrates from mine wastes, specifically from tailings of Transbaikal Mining-and-Processing Integrated Works. The analysis includes mineral chemical, and grain-size compositions of raw material, as well as the capacity of spodumene to be separated and recovered. These characteristics make the basis for developing the dressing technology and process flowsheet for the indicated type of technogenic (i.e. resulted from production activities) deposits.