Tácio Oliveira da Silva

Mudanças na fertilidade de um Neossolo Regolítico após seis anos de adubação orgânica

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of application of six years of organic manure with animal and/or cover crop on the fertility of an Entisol. Treatments were: 1) animal manure (15 t ha-1); 2) use of Crotalaria juncea L. as a cover crop; 3) fertilization with half (7.5 t ha-1) of the usual doses of animal manure combined with C. juncea L. as a cover crop; and 4) control plots without application. The study was conducted from 1996 to 2003, but no fertilization was done in 1998 and 1999, due to severe droughts. At the end of 2003, soil samples from two depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm) were collected and analyzed to determine the nutrient concentrations. The annual fertilization with animal manure, with or without C. juncea, increased soil extractable P, K, Mg and B in both soil layers, but increased soil organic carbon, total N, total P, and Zn only in the 0-20 cm layer. The cultivation and incorporation of C. juncea had no consistent effect on soil fertility. The results have shown that the application of lower doses of manure combined with C. juncea maintained soil fertility at levels comparable to application of 15 t ha-1 of animal manure.

Biomassa e nutrição mineral de forrageiras cultivadas em solos do semiárido adubados com esterco

Biomass production and N, P and K uptake by four forage species were compared in three soils from the semi-arid region of Paraiba, with or without organic manure. The species were three legumes (Desmanthus virgatus , Macroptilium martii and Macroptilium lathyroides) and one grass (Cenchrus ciliaris); the soils, a Fluvic Neosol, a Regolithic Neosol and Haplic Planosol; and cattle manure was applied at a dose equivalent to 20 Mg ha-1. Manure application resulted in large increases in biomass production and nutrient uptake, in all species and soils. Apparently, the manure supplied enough P but not enough N and K to the plants, confirming that it is a good source of the first nutrient. Macroptilium martii and Macroptilium lathyroides seem to be the highest biomass producers, mainly in response to fertilization. Cenchrus ciliaris had higher K concentrations and contents than the legumes, indicating a larger K absorption capacity. There was no correspondence between soil analysis and nutrient supplying capacity.

PRODUÇÃO E APORTE DE CARBONO, NITROGÊNIO E FÓSFORO NA SERAPILHEIRA FOLIAR DO PARQUE NACIONAL SERRA DE ITABAIANA

Litter is a major route of return of nutrients in the system plant–soil -plant and its determination allows to analyze the restructuring of anthropogenic forest environments. Knowledge of litter production is a critical in determining the potential for regeneration of an area through the intake and nutrient cycling. This study aimed to quantify the litter production and the carbon contribution and leaf fraction nutrients in areas of occurrence of Quartzipsamments with vegetation at different stages of regeneration in National Park Serra de Itabaiana in Sergipe, state. In each of the areas of Areia Branca Aberta (ABA), Areia Branca Intermediaria (ABI) and Areia Branca Fechada (ABF), settled collectors where the litter was collected monthly from January to December 2011. In the litter subsamples amounts of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were determined. Along with the action of fire in the areas of Areias Brancas of Serra de Itabaiana Park, it became clear that it changes the state of dynamic equilibrium achieved by the ecosystem, so the nutritional soil conditions are modified. The accumulation of C, N and P showed no significant seasonal variation according to the production of litter in each area studied, and the ABF area provided the largest accumulations of these elements throughout the evaluation period.