Tadao Fujii

Infection Contol by Clinical Pharmacist. (2). Development of 30-Sec Handwashing-Warning Chime.

Since a great many microorganisms (103) were detected on the hands of nurses who used disinfectants for hygienic washing, we developed a 30-second handwashing-warning chime (scrub timer) to aid in the progreesive reduction of resident skin bacteria by disinfection. Setting the scrub timer on the dispenser of the disinfectant (povidone iodine), enables a sound to be emitted when the handwashing dispenser is pushed.In the Plastic Surgery Department, the nurses can maintain constant contact with disinfectants for 30 seconds using the scrub timer, which serves to decrease the amount of resident hand bacteria (102) following disinfectant use more so than if the scrub timer was not used.Using the scrub timer was concluded to be effective for handwashing with disinfectants.

Stability after ground norfloxacin tablet.

Because a Norfloxacin tablet is often used by grinding although it is film-coated in consideration of stability to moisture absorption and light, its stability, after grinding was determined. Norfloxacin powder prepared by grinding was divided and packed using 2 kinds of powder papers, and then stored under 3 different conditions;they were, prevention of light at room temperature, 30°C and 92% of relative humidity (RH), and exposure to fluorescent light (800 lx) at room temperature. After that, the observation of appearances, the measurement of hygroscopic degree, and the measurement of Norfloxacin content and the identification and quantification of decomposition products by high-performance liquid chromatography were undertaken.As a result, there were no changes when stored under prevention of light at room temperature. On the other hand, the powder became colored and decomposed when stored under exposure to fluorescent light at room temperature, or rapidly lost its fluidity due to moisture absorption when stored under 30°C and 92% RH. These results suggested that we should be careful with moisture absorption and light to store this drug after grinding.

Effects of Aminophylline Suppositories Prepared in Hospital Pharmacy on the Rectal Membrane

Effects of Witepsol base, P. E. G. base and aminophylline suppositories (Witepsol base, P. E. G. base) on the rectal mucous membrane in rabbits were investigated. These suppositories were administered once in a single dose or once a day for 2 weeks. The rectum extirpated 6 hrs after last insertion was examined with unaided eyes and optical and scanning electron microscopes. As a result, no damage by aminophylline suppositories and bases was observed, and irritative effect of Witepsol base was in about the same degree as that of P. E. G. base.

Stability of Cefapirin Sodium for Injection

Stability of cefapirin sodium (CEPR), a cephalosporin antibiotic, in 15 different infusion solutions and in an aqueous solution was studied with high-pressure liquid chromatography. It was found that the compound was quite stable in the infusion solutions for 6 hours at room temperature, and may be feasible for regular drip infusion. Des CEPR or CEPR lactone with low anti-bacterial activity was produced as CEPR degraded in solutions at pH 10 or 2.