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International Journal of Molecular Sciences | 2012

Compositional Variation in Sugars and Organic Acids at Different Maturity Stages in Selected Small Fruits from Pakistan

Tahir Mahmood; Farooq Anwar; Mateen Abbas; Mary C. Boyce; Nazamid Saari

Selected soluble sugars and organic acids were analyzed in strawberry, sweet cherry, and mulberry fruits at different ripening stages by HPLC. The amounts of fructose, glucose and sucrose were found to be: strawberry (1.79–2.86, 1.79–2.25 and 0.01–0.25 g/100 g FW), sweet cherry (0.76–2.35, 0.22–3.39 and 0.03–0.13 g/100 g) and mulberry (3.07–9.41, 1.53–4.95 and 0.01–0.25 g/100 g) at un-ripened to fully-ripened stages, respectively. The strawberry, sweet cherry and mulberry mainly contained tartaric, citric and ascorbic acids in the range of 16–55, 70–1934 and 11–132 mg/100 g; 2–8, 2–10 and 10–17 mg/100 g; 2–118, 139–987 and 2–305 mg/100 g at un-ripened to fully-ripened stages, respectively. Fructose and glucose were established to be the major sugars in all the tested fruit while citric and ascorbic acid were the predominant organic acids in strawberry and mulberry while tartaric acid was mainly present in sweet cherry. The tested fruits mostly showed an increase in the concentration of sugars and organic acids with ripening.


International Journal of Molecular Sciences | 2012

Effect of Maturity on Phenolics (Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids) Profile of Strawberry Cultivars and Mulberry Species from Pakistan

Tahir Mahmood; Farooq Anwar; Mateen Abbas; Nazamid Saari

In this study, we investigated how the extent of ripeness affects the yield of extract, total phenolics, total flavonoids, individual flavonols and phenolic acids in strawberry and mulberry cultivars from Pakistan. In strawberry, the yield of extract (%), total phenolics (TPC) and total flavonoids (TFC) ranged from 8.5–53.3%, 491–1884 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g DW and 83–327 mg catechin equivalents (CE)/100 g DW, respectively. For the different species of mulberry the yield of extract (%), total phenolics and total flavonoids of 6.9–54.0%, 201–2287 mg GAE/100 g DW and 110–1021 mg CE/100 g DW, respectively, varied significantly as fruit maturity progressed. The amounts of individual flavonols and phenolic acid in selected berry fruits were analyzed by RP-HPLC. Among the flavonols, the content of myricetin was found to be high in Morus alba (88 mg/100 g DW), the amount of quercetin as high in Morus laevigata (145 mg/100 g DW) while kaempferol was highest in the Korona strawberry (98 mg/100 g DW) at fully ripened stage. Of the six phenolic acids detected, p-hydroxybenzoic and p-coumaric acid were the major compounds in the strawberry. M. laevigata and M. nigra contained p-coumaric acid and vanillic acid while M. macroura and M. alba contained p-hydroxy-benzoic acid and chlorogenic acid as the major phenolic acids. Overall, a trend to an increase in the percentage of extraction yield, TPC, TFC, flavonols and phenolic acids was observed as maturity progressed from un-ripened to fully-ripened stages.


Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis | 2001

Phosphorus nutrition of cotton cultivars under deficient and adequate levels in solution culture

Zaheer Ahmad; Maqsood Ahmad Gill; Riaz Hussain Qureshi; Hamud-ur-Rehman; Tahir Mahmood

In low-input agricultural systems that characterize most of the developing world, nutrient-efficient crop cultivars may play significant role in improving crop productivity. Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a common phenomenon in cotton growing areas of Pakistan, however the farmers are reluctant to apply it due to its price and fear of lack of response. A solution culture experiment was conducted to evaluate 10 commonly grown cotton cultivars for their relative efficiency to utilize deficiently and adequately supplied P, using Johnsons solution. Phosphorus deficiency markedly reduced shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), whole plant dry weight controlled by plant P contents under P deficient conditions, suggesting an internal regulation in addition to the influence exerted by external P supply. The conclusions from experiment were that differences in growth existed among cotton cultivars exposed to same P concentration in the growth medium. Cultivars, which were efficient in both P-acquisition and P-utilization, were efficient accumulators of biomass under adequate as well as deficient level of P supply.


Journal of Plant Nutrition | 2012

MINERAL COMPOSITION OF STRAWBERRY, MULBERRY AND CHERRY FRUITS AT DIFFERENT RIPENING STAGES AS ANALYZED BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA-OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY

Tahir Mahmood; Farooq Anwar; Tahira Iqbal; Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti; Muhammad Ashraf

Mineral contents of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa), mulberry (Morus alba, M. nigra, M. macroura, and M. laevigata) and cherry (Prunus avium) fruits at un-ripened, semi-ripened and fully-ripened stages were investigated. The concentrations (mg kg−1) of potassium (K), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) in the fruits (DW), at fully-ripened stage, varied from 2600 (mulberry) to 3300 (strawberry), 1854 (cherry) to 2954 (mulberry), 1855 (cherry) to 4375 (mulberry) and 1025 (cherry) to 2225 (mulberry), respectively. Sizeable amounts (mg kg−1) of Zn 408 (strawberry) to 1110 (mulberry) and Fe 236 (cherry) to 1080 (mulberry) were also determined. Moreover, the tested fruits contained considerable amounts of sodium (Na), manganese (Mn), aluminum (Al), and copper (Cu). Overall, the concentrations of these minerals except K were found to decrease as fruit maturity progressed. The tested fruits, especially Morus species, can be explored as a rich source of Zn and Fe, the two essential elements that are in short supply in human diet.


Pakistan Journal of Botany | 2009

Does exogenous application of glycinebetaine as a pre-sowing seed treatment improve growth and regulate some key physiological attributes in wheat plants grown under water deficit conditions?

Tahir Mahmood; Muhammad Ashraf; Muhammad Shahbaz


Pakistan Journal of Botany | 2010

Growth modulation and ion partitioning in salt stressed sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) by exogenous supply of salicylic acid.

Tahir Mahmood; Naeem Iqbal; Hammad Raza; Muhammad Qasim; Muhammad Ashraf


Archive | 2013

EFFECT OF MATURITY ON PROXIMATE COMPOSITION, PHENOLICS AND ANTIOXIDANT ATTRIBUTES OF CHERRY FRUIT

Tahir Mahmood; Farooq Anwar; Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti; Tahira Iqbal


Reactive & Functional Polymers | 2017

Biocompatible waterborne polyurethane-urea elastomer as intelligent anticancer drug release matrix: A sustained drug release study

Ali Bahadur; Aamer Saeed; Shahid Iqbal; M. Shoaib; Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman; Muhammad Imran Bashir; Muhammad Irfan Asghar; Muhammad Asif Ali; Tahir Mahmood


Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences | 1998

Differential Growth Behavior of Cotton Varieties at Adequate and Deficient Levels of Nitrogen and Phosphorus.

Zaheer Ahmad; Maqsood Ahmad Gill; Abdul Matin Shah; Tahir Mahmood; Hamud-ur-Rehman; Muhammad Yaseen


Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology | 2017

Sustained drug delivery of doxorubicin as a function of pH, releasing media, and NCO contents in polyurethane urea elastomers

M. Shoaib; Ali Bahadur; Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman; Shahid Iqbal; Muhammad Arshad; Muhammad Asif Tahir; Tahir Mahmood

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M. Shoaib

Quaid-i-Azam University

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Zaheer Ahmad

University of Agriculture

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Ali Bahadur

Quaid-i-Azam University

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Hamud-ur-Rehman

University of Agriculture

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Tahira Iqbal

University of Agriculture

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