Takumasa Kondo

A new African soft scale genus, Pseudocribrolecanium gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), erected for two species, including the citrus pest P. andersoni (Newstead) comb. nov.

Abstract A new African genus of soft scale insects, Pseudocribrolecanium gen. nov. is erected to accommodate Akermes colae Green & Laing and Cribrolecanium andersoni (Newstead). The adult females and first-instar nymphs of the two species are redescribed and illustrated. Taxonomic keys to separate the adult females and first-instar nymphs are provided. The affinity of Pseudocribrolecanium with the tribe Paralecaniini in the subfamily Coccinae is discussed.

Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Ortheziidae, and Monophlebidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Espírito Santo, Brazil

Culik, M.P., Martins, D.S., Ventura, J.A., Peronti, A.L.B.G., Gullan, P.Y. & Kondo, T. Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Ortheziidae, and Monophlebidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Biota Neotrop. Sep/Dez 2007 vol. 7, no. 3 http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v7n3/pt/abstract?article+bn00507032007. ISSN 1676-0603. New plant hosts are recorded for nine scale insect species recently collected in Espirito Santo, Brazil, and eleven scale insect species are recorded for the first time from the state: Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock, Coccus longulus (Douglas), Coccus viridis (Green), Eucalymnatus tesselatus (Signoret), Pseudokermes sp., Saissetia coffeae (Walker), Phenacoccus madeirensis Green, Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller, Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti), Icerya purchasi Maskell, and Icerya genistae Hempel. This is also the first record of Co. longulus in Brazil. Information on the host plants and geographic distribution of the 26 species of scale insects of the families Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Ortheziidae, and Monophlebidae, currently known from Espirito Santo is provided.

Taxonomy and biology of the mealybug genus Plotococcus Miller & Denno (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Brazil, with descriptions of two new species.

Two new species of Brazilian mealybugs, Plotococcus capixaba Kondo sp. n. and Plotococcus hambletoni Kondo sp. n. (Pseudococcidae), are described and illustrated. Plotococcus capixaba is a newly recognized pest from the leaves of the jaboticaba tree, Myrciaria jaboticaba (Vell.) O. Berg (Myrtaceae), from Espirito Santo and from Leandra erinacea Cogn. (Melastomataceae) from Sao Paulo. Plotococcus hambletoni was collected in Sao Paulo on a myrtaceous plant. A revised key to the species of Plotococcus Miller & Denno, and a key to the different growth stages of P. capixaba are provided. All female instars are described for P. capixaba, but only the adult female is known for P. hambletoni. The biology of Plotococcus is discussed, with emphasis on P. capixaba.

Neotype Designation and Redescription of Toumeyella liriodendri (Gmelin) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae)

Abstract In order to clarify the taxonomic status and to preserve the stability of the species, a neotype is designated for the tuliptree scale: Coccus liriodendri Gmelin (now Toumeyella liriodendri). The adult female of this scale insect is redescribed and illustrated from newly collected specimens in its native range and on its type host, the tulip tree, Liriodendron tulipifera L. (Magnoliales: Magoliaceae).

A second species of Etiennea (Coccidae: Coccoidea: Sternorrhyncha) from the New World.

Abstract The genus Etiennea Matile-Ferrero (Coccidae: Coccoidea) currently contains 19 species, all but one of them restricted to Africa, the exception being from Guyana. The present paper describes the adult female of a further species, Etiennea bursera sp. nov., from the New World (Mexico). The key in Hodgson (1991) is augmented to separate the new species from the others in the genus. The relationships of Etiennea to other coccid genera are briefly discussed.

Taxonomic review of the genus Xenolecanium Takahashi and description of the new genus Takahashilecanium Kondo (Hemiptera: Coccidae; Coccinae, Paralecaniini)

The genus Xenolecanium Takahashi is reviewed and transferred from the subfamily Myzolecaniinae to the Coccinae (tribe Paralecaniini). The type species Xenolecanium mangiferae Takahashi is redescribed, and Xenolecanium takahashii Kondo sp.u2003nov. from Indonesia is described based on the adult female and first instar nymph. A taxonomic key is provided to separate adult females of the two species of Xenolecanium. Xenolecanium rotundum Takahashi is transferred to become the type species of a new monotypic genus, Takahashilecanium Kondo, which is also placed in the Paralecaniini. The morphological justification for placing Xenolecanium and Takahashilecanium in the Paralecaniini is discussed, and we provide a taxonomic key for separating both genera from all other members of the Paralecaniini.

Establishment and host records of Icerya aegyptiaca (Douglas) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Monophlebidae) in the Sakishima Islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan, with notes on its worldwide distribution.

The monophlebid scale insect Icerya aegyptiaca is reported for the first time in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan, where it was found in four islands: Kurima Island, Kuro Island, Miyako Island and Yonaguni Island. Icerya aegyptiaca was collected from 36 plant species belonging to 23 families. Information on the distribution and natural enemies of I. aegyptiaca and a key to separate known species of Icerya occurring in Japan are provided.

Synonymy of Etiennea Matile-Ferrero with Hemilecanium Newstead (Hemiptera: Coccidae), based on morphology of adult females, adult males and first-instar nymphs, and description of a new potential pest species from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan

The genus Etiennea Matile‐Ferrero is synonymized with Hemilecanium Newstead (Hemiptera: Coccidae). We base this decision on a morphological comparative study of adult females, adult males and first‐instar nymphs (crawlers), including a phylogenetic analysis. We recovered a sister group relationship between the type species of the two genera, Etiennea villiersi Matile‐Ferrero and Hemilecanium theobromae Newstead; that is, each was more closely related to the other than either was to other species in their respective genera. All species hitherto included in Etiennea are transferred to Hemilecanium: H.u2003bursera (Hodgson & Kondo) comb. nov., H.u2003cacao (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003candelabra (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003capensis (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003carpenteri (Newstead) comb. nov., H.u2003cephalomeatus (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003combreti (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003ferina (De Lotto) comb. nov., H.u2003ferox (Newstead) comb. nov., H.u2003gouligouli (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003halli (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003kellyi (Brain) comb. nov., H.u2003madagascariensis (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003montrichardiae (Newstead) comb. nov., H.u2003multituberculum (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003petasus (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003sinetuberculum (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003tafoensis (Hodgson) comb. nov., H.u2003ulcusculum (Hodgson) comb. nov., and H.u2003villiersi (Matile‐Ferrero) comb. nov. Keys to the adult females of all 26 species and known adult males and first‐instar nymphs are provided. The adult males and first‐instar nymphs of H.u2003theobromae Newstead and E.u2003villiersi Matile‐Ferrero are for the first time fully described and illustrated. One new potential pest species of Hemilecanium, H.u2003uesatoi Kondo & Hardy sp. nov., which was collected on three islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan, is described and illustrated based on the adult female, adult male and first‐instar nymph. We discuss evidence that H.u2003uesatoi is a new introduction to the Ryukyu Archipelago. The first‐instar nymphs of Hemilecanium can be divided into two distinct morphological groups, the petasus group and the theobromae group.

Notes on the Morphology and Biology of Syneura cocciphila (Diptera: Phoridae)

Abstract Herein we provide information on the morphology and duration of the different stages of development of Syneura cocciphila (Coquillett; Diptera: Phoridae), a phorid-fly predator of the Colombian fluted scale Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo and Unruh (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae). The time from oviposition to adult emergence was 20.04 d. The duration of the different growth stages was as follows: egg 1.38 (±0.18) d; three larval stages combined 4.5 (±0.19) d; prepupa 1.63 (±0.09) d; and pupa 12.53 (±0.12) d. On average, adult females lived 13.23 (±0.77) d and adult males lived 11.13 (±0.61) d under laboratory conditions. S. cocciphila is a common species in the city of Cali, department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia, and is an effective biological control agent of the scale insect pest C. multicicatrices. This is the first detailed study on the biology of S. cocciphila.

Two myrmecophilous scale insects, Cryptostigma urichi (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Coccidae) and Farinococcus multispinosus Morrison (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae), cohabiting inside branches of Anadenanthera falcata (Benth.) Speg. (Fabales, Fabaceae) in the Cerrado area of São Paulo State, Brazil

The soft scale Cryptostigma urichi (Cockerell, 1894) and the mealybug Farinococcus multispinosus Morrison, 1922 are reported cohabiting inside branches of Anadenanthera falcata (Benth.) Speg. (Angico-preto), both tended by the ant Azteca oecocordia Longino, 2007 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). This interaction was observed in the Cerrado region sensu stricto, at the Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Brazil. A. oecocordia is recorded for the first time in Brazil.