Tamara Levet
Ghent University
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Equine Veterinary Journal | 2009
Tamara Levet; Ann Martens; Lindsey Devisscher; Luc Duchateau; Lies Bogaert; Lieven Vlaminck
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY There is a lack of evidence-based data on the prevalence, outcome and risk factors of distal limb cast sores, and no objective tool has been described for the early detection of cast sores. OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence, location, outcome and risk factors of cast sores after application of a distal limb cast and to determine whether static thermography of the cast is a valuable tool for the assessment of sores. METHODS A prospective study was conducted on horses treated with a distal limb cast. At each cast removal, cast sores were graded as superficial sores (SS), deep dermal sores (DS) or full thickness skin ulcerations (FS). In several cases, a thermographic evaluation of the cast was performed immediately prior to removal and differences in temperature (AT) between the coolest point of the cast and 2 cast regions predisposed for sore development (dorsoproximal mc/mtIII and palmar/plantar fetlock) were calculated. RESULTS Mean +/- s.d. total casting time of 70 horses was 31 +/- 18 days. Overall, 57 legs (81%) developed at least SS. Twenty-four legs (34%) ultimately developed DS and one horse had an FS. Multivariable analysis showed that the severity of sores was positively associated with increasing age (OR: 1.111, P = 0.028), a normal (vs. swollen) limb (OR: 3387, P = 0.023) and an increase in total casting time (OR per week: 1.363, P = 0.002). The thermographic evaluation (35 casts) revealed that the severity of sores was positively associated with increasing deltaT (OR: 2.100, P = 0.0005). The optimal cut-off values for the presence of SS and DS were set at, respectively, deltaT = 23 and 43 degrees C. CONCLUSION AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE Distal limb cast is a safe coaptation technique with increasing risk of developing sores with time. Thermography is a valuable and rapid clinical tool to monitor the development of cast sores.
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics | 2009
Frank Gasthuys; S. De Boever; Stijn Schauvliege; Tim Reyns; Tamara Levet; Pieter Cornillie; C. Casteleyn; P. De Backer; Siska Croubels
The reliability of a silicone double-lumen catheter implanted into the external jugular vein and tunnelled towards the neck region was investigated in eight pigs. Surgery was uneventful without interference with the normal homoeostasis during 8 days. After injection of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid through the distal port of the catheter, analysis of drug components in the simultaneous blood samples obtained by the proximal port and a Venoject system were comparable in one pig. Histological control of the catheterized jugular veins pointed to an acceptable tissue reaction while bacteriological examination of the tip of the catheters was negative in only three animals. A moulding of the intestinal veins was made in a pig cadaver to determine the optimal length of insertion of a silicone portal catheter from the splenic vein towards the portal vein. Surgery was straightforward in four pigs whereby the catheter was exteriorized towards the back region. No complications were encountered during and after surgery for 9 days. The technique of a double-lumen catheter placed into the jugular vein and a transsplenic portal catheter is a useful tool for the study of the pharmacokinetics and also the first-pass effect of drugs in experimental pigs.
Equine Veterinary Journal | 2009
Stijn Schauvliege; M. Gonzalo Marcilla; Luc Duchateau; Ann Martens; Lieven Vlaminck; Frederik Pille; Jeroen Declercq; Tamara Levet; Frank Gasthuys
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY No studies have been reported on the effects of enoximone in anaesthetised colic horses. OBJECTIVE To examine whether enoximone improves cardiovascular function and reduces dobutamine requirement in anaesthetised colic horses. METHODS Forty-eight mature colic horses were enrolled in this prospective, randomised clinical trial. After sedation (xylazine 0.7 mg/kg bwt) and induction (midazolam 0.06 mg/kg bwt, ketamine 2.2 mg/kg bwt), anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen and a lidocaine constant rate infusion (15 mg/kg bwt, 2 mg/kg/h). Horses were ventilated (PaCO2 < 8.00 kPa). If hypotension occurred, dobutamine and/or colloids were administered. Ten minutes after skin incision, horses randomly received an i.v. bolus of enoximone (0.5 mg/kg bwt) or saline. Monitoring included respiratory and arterial blood gases, heart rate (HR), arterial pressure and cardiac index (CI). Systemic vascular resistance (SVR), stroke index (SI) and oxygen delivery index (DO2I) were calculated. For each variable, changes between baseline and T10 within each treatment group and/or colic type (small intestines, large intestines or mixed) were analysed and compared between treatments in a fixed effects model. Differences between treatments until T30 were investigated using a mixed model (a = 0.05). RESULTS Ten minutes after enoximone treatment, CI (P = 0.0010), HR (P = 0.0033) and DO2I (P = 0.0007) were higher and SVR lower (P = 0.0043) than at baseline. The changes in CI, HR and SVR were significantly different from those after saline treatment. During the first 30 min after enoximone treatment, DO2I (P = 0.0224) and HR (P = 0.0003) were higher than after saline administration. Because the difference in HR between treatments was much clearer in large intestine colic cases, an interaction was detected between treatment and colic type in both analyses (P = 0.0076 and 0.0038, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Enoximone produced significant, but short lasting, cardiovascular effects in colic horses. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE Enoximones cardiovascular effects in colic horses were of shorter duration than in healthy ponies.
Veterinary Surgery | 2010
Sara Torfs; Tamara Levet; Catherine Delesalle; Jeroen Dewulf; Lieven Vlaminck; Frederik Pille; Laurence Lefère; Ann Martens
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Italian Association of Equine Veterinarians, Carrara, Italy 2010 | 2010
Inge Durie; Laurence Lefère; Tamara Levet; Gunther van Loon
20th Annual scientific meeting of the European College of Veterinary Surgeons (ECVS 2011) | 2011
Tamara Levet; Ann Martens
Journées annuelles AVEF, 37èmes, Posters | 2009
Aurélie Guy; Tamara Levet; Jimmy Saunders; Ann Martens; Frederik Pille
Journées annuelles AVEF, 37èmes, Communications | 2009
Tamara Levet; Ann Martens; Frederik Pille; Wim Van Den Broeck; Mireia Jordana-Garcia; Jimmy Saunders
ECVS Annual Scientific Meeting, 18th, Abstracts | 2009
Tamara Levet; Sara Torfs; Ann Martens; Jeroen Dewulf
Association Vétérinaire Equine Française, 37èmes Journées annuelles, Posters | 2009
Tamara Levet; Sara Torfs; Ann Martens; Jeroen Dewulf; Frederik Pille; Lieven Vlaminck