Tania Maria Marinho Sampaio

Habilidade pragmática e Síndrome de Down

PURPOSE: to investigate the pragmatic abilities and their influence on the communicative use in subjects with Downs syndrome. METHODS: the pragmatic assessment (ABFW). The participants were 10 children and adolescents, male and female, from seven to 13-year old. The behavior patterns were analyzed by using the communicative functions, the communication means (vocal, gestural or verbal) and the communicative acts. Data collection was provided from a free play situation with a family member. The Kruskal Wallis test was used for statistic analysis (p < 0.05 Q1 = n/4 Q2 = n/2 Q3 =3n/4 (n = 10) First Quartile, Median, Third Quartile). RESULTS: the median of the communicative acts was 2.88. The comment and narrative functions were the more frequent among the communicative functions and the verbal was the more frequent communicative mean. All the participants used the functions: comment, recognitions of the other and game shared functions. The children and adolescents were responsible for 90% of the direction of the communication. CONCLUSION: the verbal and gestural communication means and the comment and narrative functions were the most used among the participants; mothers were responsible for just 10% of the communication direction and it was carried out predominantly by the children and adolescents that took part in the study.

Frequência fundamental da voz de crianças

OBJETIVO: determinar a frequencia fundamental (Fo) da voz de 50 meninos e 50 meninas, nascidos e residentes em Belo Horizonte na faixa etaria de seis a oito anos. METODOS: foram selecionadas criancas de ambos os sexos da cidade de Belo Horizonte. O protocolo de gravacao das vozes foi realizado a partir da digitalizacao da vogal sustentada [e] em tom e intensidade adequada, com duracao de tres segundos, e em ambiente silencioso. Utilizou-se o programa de Analise de Voz Voxmetria®. RESULTADOS: os achados mostraram a media total da frequencia fundamental em 249,71 Hz, a diminuicao significante nos valores de F0 com o aumento da idade nos dois sexos, e diferencas significantes de F0 entre os sexos comparando os sexos e as idades das criancas. CONCLUSAO: a frequencia fundamental da voz de criancas na faixa etaria estudada apresentou media de 249,71 Hz.

Autismo: uma avaliação transdisciplinar baseada no programa TEACCH

PURPOSE: to submit a transdisciplinary approach for evaluating autistic disorders. It was based on the program referred to as Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication handicapped Children - TEACCH and its application in children pertaining to Non-Governmental Organization - Centro de Referencia e Apoio as Desordens do Desenvolvimento - CRADD. METHODS: six subjects who belong to the education program of the aforementioned institution, all with a positive autism diagnostic, ages between seven and twelve year old, were evaluated in three distinctive instances along the year (January, June and December). RESULTS: the progress of each one in the areas of social interaction, behavior, cognitive aspects and language had been verified. CONCLUSION: one concluded that there were improvements in all investigated areas with no relationship to the degree or type of autistic disorder. Providing the effective recovery of their communicative functions.OBJETIVO: apresentar protocolo de avaliacao transdisciplinar no autismo baseado no programa denominado Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communicattion handicapped Children - TEACCH e sua aplicacao no programa desenvolvido na Organizacao Nao -Governamental Centro de Referencia e Apoio as Desordens do Desenvolvimento - CRADD. METODOS: foram escolhidos seis individuos, entre sete e doze anos, com diagnostico de autismo que frequentam o programa da referida e que foram avaliados em tres momentos durante o ano (janeiro, junho e dezembro). RESULTADOS: foram verificados os progressos de cada um deles nas areas de interacao social, comportamento, aspecto cognitivo e linguagem. CONCLUSAO: independente do grau e do tipo de autismo, a aplicacao da abordagem transdisciplinar nos sujeitos, demonstrou que existe desenvolvimento em todas as areas avaliadas, proporcionando o efetivo estabelecimento das suas funcoes comunicativas.

FREQUÊNCIA FUNDAMENTAL DE CRIANÇAS DA CIDADE DE NITERÓI

PURPOSE: to quantify the fundamental frequency in a group of 122 children - boys and girls, whose age varied from six to eight-year-old, who do not have vocal alterations. METHODS: an auditory-perceptive analysis took place by means of the RASAT scale; the computerized acoustic analysis was performed by using a software referred to as Vox Metria, where samples regarding the mean value for the fundamental frequency of the sustained vowel [e] were analyzed. For this study, in which 122 children took part, 58 boys and 64 girls, with ages ranging from 6 to 8-year and 11 months. They were students from the Elementary Schools of the Municipal Education System of Niteroi-RJ. They were born and reside in this municipality and were pre-selected by means of a choice protocol. RESULTS: the results obtained in this study were 239.60 Hz for the girls and 237.17 Hz for the boys, with an overall mean value of 238.44 Hz. Due to the small difference; we obtained 237.57 Hz for the girls and 233.31 Hz for the boys. CONCLUSION: the findings enabled the comparison with previously carried out research and contributed providing the literature with new data for the standardization of the fundamental frequency of Brazilian Childrens Voices, opening a new channel for further research.

O repensar da fonoaudiologia na epistemologia científica contemporânea

OBJETIVO: refletir sobre a forca politica do saber da Fonoaudiologia na contemporaneidade. METODOS: sao apresentados os dois modelos da epistemologia cientifica, neles focando a Fonoaudiologia, a saber: o fazer cientifico classico e o fazer cientifico contemporâneo. CONCLUSAO: a Fonoaudiologia exerce a autonomia politica do seu saber, contextualizada na area da saude, dela dispondo, desde a formacao do fonoaudiologo, ate, efetivamente, a pratica dos seus profissionais.