Tarunbir Singh

Expression of Erythroblastic Leukemia Viral Oncogene Homolog 2 (ERBB2) from Canine Mammary Tumor

The ERBB2 oncogene encodes a trans-membrane glycoprotein (p185) with tyrosine kinase activity, which is closely related to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). All four members of the family have been reported to be expressed in breast cancer cells in vitro. ERBB2 expression predicts poor prognosis in cancer. The present study has evaluated the association of the expression levels of ERBB2 with mammary tumor development in dogs and checked the heterologous expression of ERBB2 protein in prokaryotic system. Gene expression was measured using qRT-PCR. Mammary tissue samples were collected from healthy canine mammary gland (nxa0=xa010) and from tumor subjects (nxa0=xa010). ERBB2 expression was found to be upregulated (5.659 times) in canine mammary tumor state suggesting malignant behavior of canine mammary tumor association with increased transcription of ERBB2 gene. Ectodomain encoding ERBB2 gene was cloned in E. coli and the recombinant protein produced was successfully purified by Ni–NTA affinity chromatography which was further confirmed by western blotting. Recombinant ERBB2 protein can be used as a marker for prognosis of canine mammary tumor.

Defect nonunion of a metatarsal bone fracture in a cow: successful management with bone plating and autogenous cancellous bone graft.

A two-and-half-year-old cow was presented with a defect nonunion of the right metatarsal III/IV bone following a severely comminuted open fracture two months previously. The animal underwent open fixation using a 4.5 mm, broad, 10-hole, dynamic compression plate and autogenous cancellous bone graft collected from the contralateral iliac shaft. The animal started partial weight bearing after the third postoperative day and resumed complete weight bearing after the 10th day. Fracture healing was complete and the implants were removed after the 120th postoperative day. Stable fixation by means of a bone plate in conjunction with a cancellous bone graft facilitated complete healing and restoration of the bone column of the defect and the metatarsal fracture. The animal made a complete recovery.

Surgical Repair of Radial-Ulnar Fracture by Static Intramedullary Interlocking Nailing in a Crossbred Heifer

OBJECTIVEnu2003Study included surgical management of radius and ulna fracture in a 2-year-old, 220 kg crossbred heifer presented with a 2-day-old history of injury resulting in severe, non-weight bearing lameness of the left forelimb.nnnMETHODSnu2003The condition was diagnosed clinically and confirmed radiographically as a middle third oblique comminuted fracture of the left radius and ulna. Static intramedullary interlocking nailing was performed for fracture fixation. An interlocking nail of 12-mm diameter and 26-cm length was introduced in a retrograde manner from the distal aspect of the radius.nnnRESULTSnu2003The animal was able to bear weight on the affected limb within 7 days post surgery. Good callus formation and complete weight bearing were observed by 35th day. Bending of the screws and osteophytic reaction were the major postoperative complications observed radiographically.nnnCLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEnu2003From this case study, it was established that static intramedullary interlocking nailing can be used as an alternative technique for fracture repair of the radius and ulna in cattle where stable fracture fixation by bone plating is questionable.