Tatsuro Miyake

A low ratio of high molecular weight adiponectin to total adiponectin associates with periodontal status in middle-aged men.

Background: Periodontitis has been reported to relate closely to systemic diseases. However, a biomarker for periodontal status has not been established. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using oral and systemic health checkup data of 151 middle-aged men. The serum levels of adiponectin and its subfractions were also analysed. Results: The ratio of high molecular weight adiponectin to total adiponectin was significantly lower in subjects with periodontal pockets. Moreover, this ratio independently associated with periodontal condition. Conclusions: The ratio of HMW adiponectin to total adiponectin could be a novel biomarker for evaluation of periodontal health in middle-aged men.

Dendritic cell‐targeting DNA‐based nasal adjuvants for protective mucosal immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae

To develop safe vaccines for inducing mucosal immunity to major pulmonary bacterial infections, appropriate vaccine antigens (Ags), delivery systems and nontoxic molecular adjuvants must be considered. Such vaccine constructs can induce Ag‐specific immune responses that protect against mucosal infections. In particular, it has been shown that simply mixing the adjuvant with the bacterial Ag is a relatively easy means of constructing adjuvant‐based mucosal vaccine preparations; the resulting vaccines can elicit protective immunity. DNA‐based nasal adjuvants targeting mucosal DCs have been studied in order to induce Ag‐specific mucosal and systemic immune responses that provide essential protection against microbial pathogens that invade mucosal surfaces. In this review, initially a plasmid encoding the cDNA of Flt3 ligand (pFL), a molecule that is a growth factor for DCs, as an effective adjuvant for mucosal immunity to pneumococcal infections, is introduced. Next, the potential of adding unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotide and pFL together with a pneumococcal Ag to induce protection from pneumococcal infections is discussed. Pneumococcal surface protein A has been used as vaccine for restoring mucosal immunity in older persons. Further, our nasal pFL adjuvant system with phosphorylcholine‐keyhole limpet hemocyanin (PC‐KLH) has also been used in pneumococcal vaccine development to induce complete protection from nasal carriage by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Finally, the possibility that anti‐PC antibodies induced by nasal delivery of pFL plus PC‐KLH may play a protective role in prevention of atherogenesis and thus block subsequent development of cardiovascular disease is discussed.

Erratum to: Analysis of factors associated with maintenance discontinuation in implant patients

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1569-3.].