Teodora Ivanuša

OSINT: A “Grey Zone”?

Ga sper Hribar is a doctoral candidate at the University of Maribor, Slovenia, where he received his Master of Science degree in Criminal Justice and Security (Security Services) under the mentorship of Dr. Iztok Podbregar and Dr. Teodora Ivanu sa of the university’s Faculty of Criminal Justice and Security. Active in publishing and research, his fields of interest include Crisis Management, National Security, the Security Services, Intelligence, and Counterintelligence.

eWar - reality of future wars

The rapid development of information and communication technologies, especially the invention of digital computers and the Internet, pushed almost a whole world into information age, where information became so powerful that it can be directly used as a weapon of destruction. We can expect that beside conventional warfare, information warfare and cyber warfare are becoming more and more a possible option in future conflicts. Few cyber conflicts have shown that digital weapons can be successfully used to achieve attacker goals. Specially, the Stuxnet worm has proven, that digital weapons can also have kinetic effects and that the wars in the future will not be held only in a cyberspace, but rather the cyberspace will be exploited to achieve some advantages over the enemy. This paper contains a short analysis of the possible applications of modern information and communication technologies in the future conflicts.

Solutions to Threats and Risks for the National Security of Slovenia

Either peace with no crisis, or war – this is the current dilemma, again. Over the recent decades, this dilemma was solved in both developed and undeveloped countries. The main threat and risk today is the current general social crisis, largely due to the lack of requisite holism (RH) in values/culture/ethic/norms (VCEN) and behaviour, hence based on one-sided and short-term behavior of the influential people and their organizations, including enterprises and governments. Problems can be solved by innovation of VCEN of one-sided behaviour toward RH under the label of social responsibility (SR) and of its legal framework, leading to realization of shared interests of all humankind, such as peace, justice, and survival. The current threats and risks to security of any country, including Slovenia, can best be avoided in this way.

Reliability of Fingerprint Biometry (Weibull Approach)

Biometrics refers to the identification of a person on the basis of their physical and behavioural characteristics. Today we know a lot of biometric systems which are based on the identification of these, for everyones unique identity. Some biometric systems include the characteristics of: fingerprints, hand geometry, voice, iris, etc., and can be used for identification. Most biometric systems are based on the collection and comparison of biometric characteristics which can provide identification. This study begins with a historical review of biometric and radio frequency identification (RFID) methods and research areas. The study continues in the direction of biometric methods based on fingerprints. The survey parameters of reliability, which may affect the results of the biometric system in use, prove the hypothesis. A summary of the results obtained the measured parameters of reliability and the efficiency of the biometric system we discussed. Each biometric system includes the following three processes: registration, preparation of a sample, and readings of the sample. Finally the system provides a comparison of the measured sample with digitized samples stored in the database. Also in this chapter we show the optimization of a biometric system with neural networks resulting in multibiometric or multimodal biometric systems. This procedure combines two or more biometric methods in the form of a more efficient and more secure biometric system. During our research we carried out a »Weibull« mathematical model for determining the effectiveness of the fingerprint identification system. By means of ongoing research and development projects in this area, this study is aimed at confirming its effectiveness empirically. Efficiency and reliability are important factors in the reading and operation of biometric systems. The research focuses on the measurement of activity in the process of the fingerprint biometric system, and explains what is meant by the result achieved. The research we refer to reviews relevant standards, which are necessary to determine the policy of biometric measures and security mechanisms, and to successfully implement a quality identification system. The hypothesis, we have assumed in the thesis to the survey has been fully confirmed. Biometric methods based on research parameters are both more reliable and effective than RFID identification systems while enabling a greater flow of people.

Intelligence and the Significance of a Secret Agent's Personality Traits

Dr. Iztok Podbregar is a member of the Management Board of the Aerodrom Ljubljana and a Professor of Leadership and Management in Security Organizations. He is also a senior research scientist. His Ph.D. in Organizational Science and Management was awarded by the University of Maribor’s Faculty in Organizational Science. With extensive experience in the Slovene Armed Forces, Dr. Podbregar has held numerous ranking positions in that field. He was a member of the Slovenian delegation for the country’s membership in NATO. Head of the Air Force Department in Slovenian Armed Forces from 1991–1994, Deputy Chief of Defense from 1995 to 1998, and Defense Chief from 1998–2001. Holding the rank of Lieutenant General in the Slovenian Armed Forces, he has been awarded numerous honors, including the Golden Merit of the Republic of Slovenia.