Teresa Noga

APPLICATION OF DIATOMS TO ASSESS THE QUALITY OF THE WATERS OF THE BARYCZKA STREAM, LEFT-SIDE TRIBUTARY OF THE RIVER SAN

The Baryczka stream is a small (about 20 km long), left bank tributary of the River San (Podkarpackie Voivodeship). Studies on diversity of diatom communities using OMNIDIA software were conducted in 2010 and 2011. Diatomaceous indices IPS, GDI and TDI and Van Dam et al. classification system were used for water quality assessment. Planothidium lanceolatum, Cocconeis placentula var. lineata, Achnanthidium minutissimum var. minutissimum, Nitzschia linearis, Rhoicosphenia abbreviata, Navicula lanceolata and Naicula gregaria were the most numerous. Values of the IPS index indicate good water quality (II–III class). Based on the GDI index, waters of the Baryczka stream were classified to III class water quality. The TDI index indicated poor and bad ecological state on the most sampling sites. On all sampling sites alaliphilous (pH>7) diatoms taxa predominated. The most common were eutraphentic and hypereutraphentic diatoms. With respect to trophy, it was shown that αand β-mesosaprobous diatoms were the most common (III and II class water quality).

DIATOMS (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) IN RIVERS AND STREAMS AND ON CULTIVATED SOILS OF THE PODKARPACIE REGION IN THE YEARS 2007–2011

Diatoms Bacillariophyceae are a specialized, systematic group of algae, living in different types of ecosystems, and they are very good indicators of water quality. Recently, detailed studies have been carried out in the territory of the Podkarpacie Province on the diversity of diatoms in running waters. The area of study covers mostly the catchment of the biggest rivers of the province (mainly the Wislok River) and cultivated soils. Running waters in the Podkarpacie Province are characterized by a huge species richness of diatoms, 738 different taxa have been found so far. The highest number of taxa was noted in the Wislok River (400), while the Żolynianka and Rozanka streams and the Mleczka were also characterized by huge diversity (from 200 to over 350 taxa). In the majority of studied sites diatoms of alkaline (pH>7) and nutrient rich (eutrophic) waters dominated: Navicula lanceolata, N. gregaria, N. capitatoradiata, Nitzschia palea, N. dissipata ssp. dissipata, Achnanthidium minutissimum var. minutissimum, A. pyrenaicum, Amphora pediculus, Diatoma vulgaris, Rhoicosphenia abbreviata, Planothidium lanceolatum, Cocconeis pediculus and C. placentula var. lineata. About 150 taxa were indentified on cultivated soils, among which the largest populations were formed by Hantzschia amphioxys, Mayamaea atomus, Nitzschia palea, N. pusilla, Pinnularia obscura and Stauroneis thermicola.

USE OF DIATOMS TO ASSES WATER QUALITY OF ANTHROPOGENICALLY MODIFIED MATYSÓWKA STREAM

Matysowka stream is small, under 6 km long watercourse, which is a right-bank tributary of Strug River. In 2009–2011studies on the subject of diversity of diatom communities using diatom indices IPS, GDI and TDI for water quality assessment were conducted. On the stream 271 diatom taxa were identified, among which: Achnanthidium minutissimum var. minutissimum, Navicula cryptotenella, N. gregaria, N. lanceolata, N. tripunctata, Nitzschia linearis, N. pusilla, N. recta, Planothidium frequentissimum, Rhoicosphenia abbreviata were the most frequent. Middle and lower section of Matysowka stream was characterized by increased concentrations of phosphates, nitrites, ammonium, total phosphorus and nitrogen, BOD 5 . On the basis of diatom indices IPS and GDI waters were characterized as III–IV quality classes, while the TDI index revealed the worst water quality classes (IV–V).

Ecological assessment of the San River water quality on the area of the San Valley Landscape Park

Water of the San River was characterized by good and high ecological status and high diatom richness. During four studied seasons at two sites 353 diatom taxa were identified in total, from which the most numerous were Achnathidium pyrenaicum (Hust.) Kobayasi and Achnanthidium minutissimum (Kutz.) Czarnecki var. minutissimum. Water of the San River, was characterized by high and good water quality (II and I class) in all seasons and at both studied sites.

THE EFFECT OF ANTHROPOGENIC CHANGE IN THE STRUCTURE OF DIATOMS AND WATER QUALITY OF THE ŻOŁYNIANKA AND JAGIELNIA STREAMS

The studies on bentic diatoms were conducted in 2009–2011 at eight samplings sites over the Żołynianka stream and its tributary, the Jagielnia. 427 diatom taxa were recorded in total. Achnanthidium minutissimum var. minutissimum, Aulacoseira ambigua, Fragilaria capucina var. capucina, Gomphonema parvlum, Navicula gregaria, Nitzschia palea and Planothidium lanceolatum were dominant taxa in both watercourses. Chemical analysis of water showed high chemical status of water at most of sampling sites. The results of diatomaceous analysis conducted with OMNIDIA software revealed moderate and poor condition of water. The best water quality was recorded in the Jagielnia stream (good or moderate status). The values of the analyzed indices showed the worst water quality on the Żołynianka at site four, showing bad ecological status. TDI index deviated the most from the other two indices (IPS and GDI), always indicating poorer water quality.

The Pinnularia genus in south-eastern Poland with consideration of rare and new taxa to Poland

In the studies conducted in 2007–2012 in south-eastern Poland, 56 diatom taxa were found from the Pinnularia genus. Pinnularia brebissonii (Kützing) Rabenhorst, P. obscura Krasske, P. viridiformis Krammer, P. lundii Hustedt, and P. viridis (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg occurred at most of the investigated sites. Eighteen taxa were considered as new to Polish flora. Some taxa are very rare in Poland and Europe and are found in only a few localities. Eight taxa are listed on the Polish Red List of Algae, including six taxa classified as endangered (E): P. nobilis (Ehrenberg) Ehrenberg, P. nodosa (Ehrenberg) W. Smith, P. subrupestris Hantzsch, P. schoenfelderii Krammer, P. subgibba Krammer and P. viridiformis Krammer.

ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF DIATOM COMMUNITIES IN THE WISŁOK RIVER WITH APPLICATION OF THEIR INDICATORY ROLE TO THE EVALUATION OF WATER QUALITY

Research conducted in 2007–2008 on eight sites designated along the Wislok River showed great diatoms diversity – indicated a total of 401 diatom taxa. Achnathidium pyrenaicum, A. minutissimum var. minutissimum, Navicula gregaria, N. lanceolata, Amphora pediculus, Cyclotella meneghiniana, Gomphonema olivaceum var. olivaceum, Nitzschia dissipata ssp. dissipata were most frequent. Based on diatomaceous indices IPS, GDI and TDI has been shown that the upper part of Wislok had a high and good ecological status. However, the middle and lower section of river was characterized by moderate and poor ecological status, on the base of the IPS and GDI indices (III and IV class). TDI value indicated bad water quality (V class) in the middle and lower section.

The use of diatoms to assess the water quality in the Wisloka River in the town of Debica and the surrounding area

Abstract The objective of this work was to examine the water quality using three diatom indices SPI, GDI and TDI. The material for the study was collected during four seasons from autumn 2010 to summer 2011, from four sampling sites located on the Wisłoka River, in the town of Dębica and the surrounding area. The Wisłoka at all selected sites was characterized by alkaline or close to neutral pH (pH 6.5-7.7). Electrolytic conductivity ranged from 364 to 480 µS cm-1. The Wisłoka at the selected sites in the urban area and in the surrounding areas was characterized by high diatom species richness. The total of 238 taxa from 53 genera were recorded, of which the most numerous were: Nitzschia (44), Navicula (33) and Gomphonema (12). Achnanthidium minutissimum var. minutissimum, Amphora pediculus, Navicula gregaria, N. lanceolata, and Nitzschia dissipata ssp. dissipata were usually the dominant species. Chemical parameters indicated very good quality of water. However, the diatom indices used to assess the water quality, classified the studied water into a group corresponding to quality class III or IV.

THE USE OF DIATOMS (BACILLARIOPHYTA) TO ASSESS WATER QUALITY OF BIAŁA TARNOWSKA RIVER

The Biala Tarnowska River is a right-bank tributary of Dunajec. It flows from the Low Beskid Mountains, flowing on the border of Ciezkowickie and Roznowskie foothills and then flows into the Dunajec on the territory of Vistula Lowland (Nizina Nadwiślanska). The aim of this work was to investigate the diatoms diversity at the individual sites and attempt to evaluate pollution of the river with the use diatoms as water quality indicators. The waters of Biala Tarnowska River were characterized by alkaline or circumneutral pH. Values of nitrates concentration indicated II water quality class, only at the last site (5) corresponded to the standards for the I class. At the studied sites located along river course 205 diatom taxa were identified. The riches in species were genera: Nitzschia (29), Navicula (21) and Gomphonema (15). The most popular dominant was Achnanthidium pyrenaicum (Hust.) Kobayasi. Very numerous communities were created by Navicula lanceolata (Agardh) Kutz, at the lower current of river, on two last sites. In order to determine the ecological status of Biala Tarnowska River the analysis of the diatom assemblages structure was performed. The results of the analysis were shown by the selected diatomaceous indices. According to IPS index Biala Tarnowska has a good ecological status (II class) at the most of study sites. Values of TDI index were the worst and indicated poor and bad water quality (IV and V class) especially in middle and lower current.

New localities of rare species Kobayasiella okadae (Skvortzov) Lange-Bert. and K. tintinnus Buczkó, Wojtal & Jahn in Europe — morphological and ecological characteristics

The aim of the present work conducted in the area of Międzyrzeki Strict Nature Reserve in the Roztocze National Park was to show new sites of rare and species new to Poland from the Kobayasiella genus (K. okadae (Skvortzov) Lange-Bert., K. tintinnus Buczkó, Wojtal & Jahn) with regard to morphological and ecological characteristics. Chemical parameters show that investigated habitats are poor and oligotrophic with a low content of chlorides, sulfates and nitrates. K. okadae, K. subtilissima (Cleve) Lange-Bert. and K. tintinnus were found in the studied area. The authors suggest the use of synonym Navicula hoeflerii Cholnoky for the Kobayasiella okadae. LM and SEM images were used in the analysis of the material.