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Featured researches published by Teruo Henmi.


Soil Science and Plant Nutrition | 1982

Comparison of an oxalate-extraction methon and an infrared spectroscopic method for determining allophane in soll clays

R.L. Parfitt; Teruo Henmi

Abstract The day fractions of nine New Zealand soils and an andesitic pumice, separated using minimal prctreatment, were examined by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and by dissolution in acid oxalate and pyrophosphate reapnts. Allophane, with an Al/Si ratio dose to 2/1, was prcsent in most samples and was estimated quantitatively for acid-oxalate extraction of Si and from the IR absorbance at 348 cm−1. These two methods pvc quantitative results wbich were in good agreement not only for clays formed from volcanic ash but also for clays lormed from basalt and clays formcd in podzolizcd soils. The hipt allopbane contents in the soil clays occurred in the cJays from the Mairoa Ash soil and from the Addison and One Tree Point podzolized soils.


Clays and Clay Minerals | 1980

Identification and structure of two types of allophane from volcanic ash soils and tephra.

Roger Lynhurst Parfitt; R. J. Furkert; Teruo Henmi

Samples containing allophane with molar Al/Si ratios from 1.0 to 2.0 have been examined by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, and phosphate adsorption methods. The infrared spectra of allophane with Al/Si ratios close to 2.0 showed that the wall of the allophane spherules is made up of imogolite structural units similar to “proto-imogolite.” X-ray fluorescence gave no clear evidence of Al in tetrahedral sites (AlIV), while pyridine adsorption results suggested that a small number of Bronsted acid sites (AlIVOH) are present in silica-rich allophanes. Lewis acid sites (AlH2O) are present in both silica-rich and alumina-rich allophanes. The results suggest that the framework for the allophane structure is an Al octahedral sheet.Allophanes with Al/Si ratios close to 1.0 contain condensed silicate units either on the outside surface of the Al octahedral sheet, giving rise to a halloysite-h’ke structure, or bonded on the inside surface of an imogolite-like structure. Allophanes with Al/Si ratios between 1.0 and 2.0 appear to be mixtures of the “proto-imogolite” structure and the allophane (Al/Si = 1.0) structure.РезюмеОбразцы, содержащие аллофан с молярными отношениями Al/Si от 1,0 до 2,0, были исследованы методами инфракрасной спектроскопии, рентгеновской флюоресценции, и фосфатной адсорбции. Инфракрасные спектры аллофана с отношениями Al/Si близкими к 2,0 показали, что оболочка аллофановых сфер состоит из имоголитовых структурных единиц похожих на «прото-имоголит». Рентгеновская флуоресценция не дала ясного доказательства присутствия Аl в тетраэдрических структурах (AlIV), тогда как результаты пиридиновой адсорбции указывают на то, что небольшое количество кислотных структур Бронстеда (AlIVOH) присутствует в аллофанах богатых кремнеземом. Кислотные структуры Льюиса (АlН2O) присутствуют как в аллофанах богатых кремнеземом, так и в аллофанах богатых алюминием. Результаты показывают, что основой для аллофановой структуры является октаэдрический лист.Аллофаны с пропорциями Al/Si близкими к 1,0 содержат уплотненные силикатные единицы. Возможные расположения этих единиц находятся на наружной поверхности октаэдрического листа А1 для галлуазитообразной структуры или связаны с внутренней поверхностью имоголитообразной структуры. Аллофаны с отношениями Al/Si между 1,0 и 2,0 представляют смесь «протоимоголитовой» структуры и аллофан (Al/Si = 1,0) структуры. [N.R.]ResümeeProben, die Allophan mit molaren Al/Si-Verhältnissen von 1,0 bis 2,0 enthielten, wurden mittels Infrarotspektroskopie, Röntgenfluoreszenz, und Phosphatadsorptionsmethoden untersucht. Die Infrarotspektren der Allophane mit Al/Si-Verhältnissen nahe 2,0 zeigten, daß die Wand der Allophankügelchen aus Einheiten mit Imogolitstruktur aufgebaut sind, die dem “Proto-Imogolit” ähnlich sind. Die Röntgen-fluoreszenzuntersuchung brachte keinen eindeutigen Hinweis für AI auf Tetraederplätzen (AlIV). Die Ergebnisse der Pyridinadsorption deuten darauf hin, daß in den Silizium-reichen Allophanen eine kleine Anzahl von Bronstedsäureplätzen (AlIVOH) vorhanden sind. Lewissäureplätze (A1H2O) sind sowohl in Silizium-reichen als auch in Aluminium-reichen Allophanen vorhanden. Dieses Ergebnis deutet darauf hin, daß das Gerüst der Allophanstruktur eine Aluminiumoktaederschicht ist.Allophane mit Al/Si-Verhältnissen nahe 1,0 enthalten kondensierte Silikateinheiten. Die möglichen Lagen für diese Einheiten sind auf der äußeren Oberfläche der Aluminiumoktaederschicht, wodurch sie eine Halloysit-ähnliche Struktur ergeben, oder sie sind an die innere Oberfläche einer Imogolit-ähnlichen Struktur gebunden. Allophane mit Al/Si-Verhältnissen zwischen 1,0 und 2,0 scheinen Mischungen aus der “Proto-Imogolit”-Struktur und der Allophan (Al/Si = 1,0) struktur zu sein. [U.W.]RésuméDes échantillons contenant des proportions molaires Al/Si de 1,0 à 2,0 ont été examinés par des méthodes de spectroscopie infrarouge, de fluorescence aux rayons X, et d’adsorption de phosphate. Le spectre infrarouge de l’allophane avec des proportions Al/Si près de 2,0 montre que la paroi des sphérules d’allophane est composée d’unites structurales d’imogolite semblables à la “proto-imogolite.” La fluorescence aux rayons X n’a pas démontré clairement la presence d’Al dans les sites tetraèdres (AlIV), tandis que les résultats d’adsorption de pyridine suggèrent qu’un petit nombre de sites acides Bronsted (AlIVOH) sont présentes dans les allophanes riches en silice. Des sites acides Lewis (AlH2O) sont présents à la fois dans les allophanes riches en silice et dans ceux riches en aluminium. Les résultats suggèrent que la charpente pour la structure allophane est un feuillet Al octaèdre.Des allophanes avec des proportions Al/Si près de 1.0 contiennent des unités de silice condensées. Les positions possibles pour ces unités sont sur la surface extérieure du feuillet octaèdre Al pour donner une structure semblable à l’halloysite, ou liées à la surface intérieure d’une structure semblable à l’imogolite. Les allophanes ayant des proportions d’entre 1,0 et 2,0 semblent être des mélanges de la structure “protoimogolite” et de la structure semblable à l’allophane (Al/Si = 1,0). [D.J.]


Clays and Clay Minerals | 1981

Effect of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ratio on the thermal reactions of allophane; II, Infrared and X-ray powder diffraction data

Teruo Henmi; Kazuhiko Tange; Tetsuo Minagawa; Naganori Yoshinaga

Allophanes with SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios from 1.38 to 1.92 were heated at temperatures up to 500°C, and the changes induced were investigated by means of infrared spectroscopy (IR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Heat treatment caused the IR absorption band near 1000 cm−1 due to Si-O stretching to shift towards higher frequencies, and the band near 450 cm−1 due to O-Si-O bending to increase markedly in intensity. These results are probably due to condensation of SiO tetrahedra, following breakdown of Si-O-Al linkages and dehydroxylation of SiOH groups. Concurrent intensity increase of the IR absorption at about 700 cm−1 suggested an increase in the amount of 4-coordinated Al in the heated materials. ‘Imogolite structures’ were decomposed progressively at higher temperatures and were almost absent at about 400°C, as indicated by the weakening and disappearance of the IR band at 348 cm−1 and of the XRD reflections at 2.25 and 1.40 Å. The XRD reflection at 3.3–3.45 Å shifted to about 3.6 Å, probably as a result of thermal condensation of the silica component. The observed thermal changes were much greater for samples with low SiO2Al2O3 ratios (1.38–1.51) than for those with high ratios (1.81–1.92), indicating a lower thermal stability for the former materials. Thus, the thermal stability of allophanes appears to be related to the content of ‘imogolite structures’ and to the polymerization status of the silica component.РезюмеАллофаны с молярным соотношением SiO2/Аl2Оэ в диапазоне от 1,38 до 1,92 нагревались в температурах до 500°С. Перемены, вызванные этим нагревом, исследовались при помощи инфракрасной спектроскопии (IR) и порошквой рентгеновской дифракции (XRD). Нагрев образцов вызывал сдвиг полосы абсорбции IR в поблизости 1000 см−1, принадлежащей к Si–O растягивающему колебанию, к более высоким частотам, и заметное увеличение интенсивности полосы около 450 см−1, принадлежащей O–Si–O изгибающему колебанию. Эти результаты были вызваны вероятно конденсацией тетраэдров SiO после резрыва связи Si–O–Аl и дегидроксилирования групп SiOH. Одновременное увеличение интенсивности абсорбции IR в поблизости 700 см−1 указывало на увеличение количества 4-координированных А1 в нагретых образцах.” Имоголитовые структуры” раскладывались постепенно в повышенных температурах и почти отсутствовали при 400°С, на что указывало ослабление и исчезновение полос IR при 348 см−1 и отражений XRD при 2,25 и 1,40 Å. Сдвиг отражения ХРD от 3,3-3,45 Å до около 3,6 Å есть, вероятно, результатом телловой конденсации кремниевого компонента. Наблюдаемые тепловые перемены были более интенсивные для образцов с низкими соотношениями SiO2/Аl2O3 (1,38-1.51), чем для образцов с высокими соотношениями (1,81-1,92), что указывает на более инзкую тепловую устойчивость первых. Таким образом тепловая устойчивость аллофанов кажется быть связанной с количествам “имоголитовых структур” и с полимеризацией кремниевого компонента. [Е.С.]ResümeeAllophane mit molaren SiO2/Al2O3-Verhältnissen von 1,38–1,92 wurden auf Temperaturen bis zu 500°C erhitzt. Die daraus resultierenden Veränderungen wurden mittels lnfrarotspektroskopie (IR) und Röntgenpulverdiffraktometrie (XRD) untersucht. Die Hitzebehandlung verursachte eine IR-Absorptions bande bei 1000 cm−1, die auf eine Verschiebung der Si-O-Streckschwingung nach höheren Frequenzen zurückzuführen ist. Weiters nahm die Bande bei etwa 450 cm−1, die durch eine O-Si-O-Deformationsschwingung hervorgerufen wird, beträchtlich an Intensität zu. Diese Ergebnisse werden wahrscheinlich durch eine dichtere Packung der SiO-Tetraeder verursacht, die dem Zusammenbrechen von Si-O-Al-Bindungen und einer Dehydroxylierung der SiOH-Gruppen folgt. Eine gleichzeitige Intensitätszunahme der IR-Absorption bei etwa 700 cm−1 deutete auf eine mengenmäßige Zunahme von 4-koordiniertem Al in den erhitzten Substanzen hin. “Imogolit-Strukturen” wurden bei höheren Temperaturen in zunehmendem Maße zersetzt und fehlten bei etwa 400°C nahezu vollständig. Dies ging aus der Schwächung und dem Verschwinden der IR-Bande bei 348 cm−1 und aus den XRD-Reflexen bei 2,25 und 1,40 Å hervor. Der XRD-Reflex bei 3,3–3,45 Å verschob sich nach etwa 3,6 Å, was wahrscheinlich durch eine dichtere Packung der Siliziumdioxid-Komponente auf thermischem Wege zurückzuführen ist. Die beobachteten thermischen Veränderungen waren bei Proben mit niedrigen SiO2/Al2O2-Verhältnissen (1,38–1,51) viel größer als bei Proben mit hohen Verhältnissen (1,81–1,92). Dies deutet auf eine geringere thermische Stabilität der ersten Proben hin. Aus diesem Grund scheint die thermische Stabilität der Allophane mit dem Gehalt an “Imogolit-Strukturen” und mit dem Polimerisationszustand der Siliziumdioxid-Komponente zusammenzuhängen. [U.W.]RésuméDes allophanes ayant des proportions molaires SiO2/Al2O3 de 1,38 à 1,92 ont été chauffés à des températures jusqu’à 500°C, et les changements induits ont été investigués au moyen de spectroscopie infrarouge (IR) et de diffraction poudrée aux rayons-X (XRD). Le traitement à la chaleur a causé la bande d’adsorption IR près de 1000 cm−1 à cause de 1’étirement Si-O de s’approcher de plus hautes fréquences, et la bande près de 450 cm−1 à cause du pliage de O-Si-O d’intensifier de manière marquée. Ces résultats sont probablement dus à la condensation de tétraèdres SiO, suivant la dissolution des liens Si-O-Al et la déshydroxylation des groupes SiOH. Un accroissement concourant d’intensité de l’adsorption IR à à peu près 700 cm−1 a suggéré un accroissement de la quantité d’Al coordonné-4 dans les matériaux échauffés. Des ’structures imogolites’ ont été progressivement décomposées à de plus hautes températures et étaient presqu’absentes à peu près 400°C, tel que l’ont montré l’affaiblissement et la disparition de la bande IR à 348 cm−1 et les réflections XRD à 2,25 et 1,40 Å. La réflection XRD à 3,3–3,45 Å s’est rapprochée de 3,6 Å, probablement un résultat de la condensation thermique du composé silice. Les changements thermiques observés étaient beaucoup plus importants pour les échantillons ayant des proportions SiO2/Al2O3 basses (1,38–1,51) que pour ceux ayant des proportions élevées ( 1,81–1,92), indiquant une stabilité thermique plus basse pour les premiers matériaux. Ainsi, il semble que la stabilité thermique des allophanes est apparentée au contenu des ’structures imogolites’ et au statut de polymérisation du composé silice. [D.J.]


Clays and Clay Minerals | 2013

Spectral and hydration properties of allophane and imogolite

Janice L. Bishop; E. B. Rampe; David L. Bish; Zaenal Abidin; Leslie L. Baker; Naoto Matsue; Teruo Henmi

Allophane and imogolite are common alteration products of volcanic materials. Natural and synthetic allophanes and imogolites were characterized in the present study in order to clarify the short-range order of these materials and to gain an understanding of their spectral properties. Spectral analyses included visible/near-infrared (VNIR), and infrared (IR) reflectance of particulate samples and thermal-infrared (TIR) emissivity spectra of particulate and pressed pellets. Spectral features were similar but not identical for allophane and imogolite. In the near-infrared (NIR) region, allophane spectra exhibited a doublet near 7265 and 7120 cm−1 (1.38 and 1.40 μm) due to OH2v, a broad band near 5220 cm−1 (1.92 μm) due to H2Ov+δ, and a band near 4560 cm−1 (2.19 μm) due to OHv+δ. Reflectance spectra of imogolite in this region included a doublet near 7295 and 7190 cm−1 (1.37 and 1.39 μm) due to OH2v, a broad band near 5200 cm−1 (1.92 μm) due to H2Ov+δ, and a band near 4565 cm−1 (2.19 μm) due to OHv+δ. A strong broad band was also observed near 3200–3700 cm−1 (~2.8–3.1 μm) which is a composite of OHv, H2Ov, and H2O2δ vibrations. Visible/near-infrared spectra were also collected under two relative humidity (RH) conditions. High-RH conditions resulted in increasing band strength for the H2O combination modes near 6900–6930 cm−1 (1.45 μm) and 5170–5180 cm−1 (1.93 μm) in the allophane and imogolite spectra due to increased abundances of adsorbed H2O molecules. Variation in adsorbed H2O content caused an apparent shift in the bands near 1.4 and 1.9 μm. A doublet H2Oδ vibration was observed at 1600–1670 cm−1 (~6.0–6.2 μm) and a band due to OH bending for O3SiOH was observed at ~1350–1485 cm−1 (~6.7–7.4 μm). The Si-O-Al stretching vibrations occurred near 1030 and 940 cm−1 (~9.7 and 10.6 μm) for allophane and near 1010 and 930 cm−1 (~9.9 and 10.7 μm) for imogolite. OH out-of-plane bending modes occurred near 610 cm−1 (16.4 μm) for allophane and at 595 cm−1 (16.8 μm) for imogolite. Features due to Si-O-Al bending vibrations were observed at 545, 420, and 335 cm−1 (~18, 24, and 30 μm) for allophane and at 495, 415, and 335 cm−1 (~20, 24, and 30 μm) for imogolite. The emissivity spectra were obtained from pressed pellets of the samples, which greatly enhanced the spectral contrast of the TIR absorptions. Predicted NIR bands were calculated from the mid-IR fundamental stretching and bending vibrations and compared with the measured NIR values. Controlled-RH X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments were also performed in order to investigate changes in the mineral structure with changing RH conditions. Both allophane and imogolite exhibited decreasing low-angle XRD intensity with increasing RH, which was probably a result of interactions between H2O molecules and the curved allophane and imogolite structures.


Journal of Hazardous Materials | 2009

Synthesis of Linde type A zeolite-goethite nanocomposite as an adsorbent for cationic and anionic pollutants

Joseph Kugbe; Naoto Matsue; Teruo Henmi

Linde type A zeolite (LTA)-goethite nanocomposite was synthesized by adding sodium orthosilicate solution to goethite, followed by addition of sodium aluminate and NaOH solutions at 100 degrees C. Optimum condition at the Si addition step required for nanocomposite formation was pH 10.0 and Si/Fe=2.7. The final product composed mainly of LTA and goethite crystals. Formation of LTA-goethite nanocomposites in the final product was suggested by differences in IR spectra and SEM images between the final product and a mixture of LTA and goethite. The mixture separated into LTA and goethite components after washing with water, but the final product did not show such separation. Precipitation of silica on the surface of goethite and subsequent formation of Si-O-Fe bonds at the Si addition step contributed to formation of the LTA-goethite nanocomposite. The amount of adsorption of phosphate on the final product was more than 1.6 times the amount adsorbed on the mixture, indicating generation of synergistic effect in the LTA-goethite nanocomposite.


Clays and Clay Minerals | 2007

NANOMETER-SCALE CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF NANO-BALL ALLOPHANE

Zaenal Abidin; Naoto Matsue; Teruo Henmi

Nano-ball allophane is a hydrous Al silicate with a hollow-sphere morphology that contains some defects or pores along the spherule walls. Enlargement of the pore openings by dilute alkali treatment was confirmed by cation exchange capacity determinations using various alkylammonium cations as replacement cations. An allophane sample with a low Si/Al ratio (0.67) was equilibrated with 10 mM CaCl2 (pH = 6.0) and the Ca2+ retained was extracted using aqueous 1 M NH4C1 or alkylammonium chloride salts. The Ca2+ extracted by


Clays and Clay Minerals | 1980

Effect of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ratio on the thermal reactions of allophane

Teruo Henmi

{\rm{NH}}_4^ +


Soil Science and Plant Nutrition | 1984

Formation of imogolite and allophane in shattered sandstone underlying brown forest soil

Naganori Yoshinaga; Makoto Nakai; Tetsuo Minagawa; Teruo Henmi

NH4+ was 15.1 cmolc kg−1, but


Developments in soil science | 2002

Reactions of some short-range ordered aluminosilicates with selected organic ligands

Eko Hanudin; Naoto Matsue; Teruo Henmi

{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{NH}}_3^ +


Catalysis Letters | 2013

Facile Synthesis of TiO2–Zeolite Composite and Its Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

Satoru Fukugaichi; Teruo Henmi; Naoto Matsue

CH3NH3+ (mean diameter = 0.38 nm) only extracted 7.9 cmolc kg−1 of Ca2+. After 10 mM NaOH treatment (0.25 g:100 mL) of the allophane, the Ca2+ extracted by

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Takao Ando

Industrial Research Institute

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Kimio Hiyoshi

Industrial Research Institute

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Masato Saito

Industrial Research Institute

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