Tetsuya Miyoshi

Input device using eye tracker in human-computer interaction

This paper describes the development of the eye-gazing input system using the eye tracking system. The eye-gazing input system consists of a subsystem that detects the users eye movement and a subsystem that calculates the coordinate of the mouse pointer from the eye movement patterns. This paper mainly describes the algorithm to calculate the coordinate of pointer from eye movements and the usability of the input system for the configuration of a selected object. The usability of the developed input system using eye movement is discussed by comparing it with the computer mouse. In this investigation, the size, moving distance and moving direction are considered as the configuration of the objects, and the effect of the configuration of buttons on pointing time using an eye-gazing input system is analyzed.

Usability of input device using eye tracker on button size, distance between targets and direction of movement

This paper describes the usability of an eye-gazing input system with respect to the configuration of a selected object. In this study, we analyzed the effect of the configuration of buttons on pointing time using an eye-gazing input system. The configuration included button size, moving distance and moving direction. The input properties of the eye-gazing input system are compared with those of a standard mouse, and the differences are discussed.

A method to evaluate properness of GUI design based on complexity indexes of size, local density, aliment, and grouping

This paper presents a numerical tool for evaluating the usability of a screen design based on its complexity measures. An objective performance (search time) and a subjective evaluation (opinion of the ease of search) were analyzed as a function of the complexity of the screen. In developing the tool, we defined four measures of complexity: size, local density, aliment, and grouping factors. Multiple regression analysis was used to model the relationship between the modified measures of complexity and search time. A subjective evaluation of the screen layout with respect to its ease of search was performed using the. pairwise comparison technique The results of the subjective evaluation are discussed in comparison with the numerical results of the multiple regression model.

Effects of duration of immersion in a virtual environment on postural stability

A few studies have been carried out to examine the relationship between postural stability and subjective reports (feelings) of motion sickness. Two views seem to exist on the relationship between immersion in a VR environment and subjective feeling of motion sickness. One predicts that the immersion induces both postural instability and motion sickness. Another view is that pre-immersion postural instability predispose us to motion sickness. However, these views are not successfully supported by empirical researches. Longer immersions in a VR environment may induce higher levels of postural instability and symptoms of motion sickness. Effects of long-hours immersion in a virtual environment on postural stability were examined using a force platform measurement and conducting a self-reported questionnaire on motion sickness.

Trade-off relationship between width and depth of visual information processing in measurement of functional visual field

A method to measure the functional visual field was proposed, and the trade-off between the width of functional visual field and the depth of cognitive information processing was quantitatively verified. The missing rate on the peripheral vision tended to increase with the increase of both task complexity on the foveal vision and visual angle. The percentage correct of the addition task at the foveal vision tended to decrease with the increase of the visual angle of the peripheral stimuli. The percentage correct, however, did not differ among four levels of task complexity. It tended that the response time to the peripheral stimuli increased with the increase of the task complexity. These results indicated that the visual resource available for visual information processing was limited. On the basis of these results, we empirically propose a quantitative model that can explain the trade-off relationship between the width of functional visual field and the depth of cognitive information processing.

Effect of instruments arrangement for human monitoring behavior

We carried out two experiments in order to investigate the affective factors for sampling behavior in a multiple-instruments setting. The first experiment was conducted in order to test whether or not the sampling behavior would always be affected by the arrangements of fast instruments. The second experiment was designed to compare the effect of the shape of arrangements with one of eye transitions during trials, and revealed which of them affected the sampling behavior more strongly. In the sampling behavior of multiple instruments, the fast instruments were mainly sampled and the sampling performance was better in condition where the fast instruments were located in a single group. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the eye transitions affected the sampling performance more strongly than the shape of the arrangements under certain conditions.

Cognitive layout of multi-window system-effects of background color and size of peripheral window on visual interference

The aim of this study was to explore how the ratio of size and the background color of foveal and peripheral windows affected the work efficiency at the foveal window. On the basis of the results, an attempt was made to clarify the cognitive layout of multiple windows that makes the visual interference minimum. It was clarified that the area ratio of the peripheral window to the foveal window was one of the determinant factor that affected the visual interference. Moreover, it was found that the visual interference occurred not during the perceptual process, but during the cognitive process. It was also indicated that the background color on the peripheral window did not affect the visual interference. The background color on the foveal window seems to affect the counting accuracy on the foveal window according to the attractiveness of colors. Some implications for designing multi-window systems were given.