Thales Vinícius de Araújo Viana

Pinhão-manso: crescimento sob condições diferenciadas de irrigação e de adubação no semiárido nordestino

One of the viable alternatives for the occupation of the space left by the cotton in the semiarid of Ceara is the cultivation of Jatropha curcas L. aiming the production of biodiesel. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of irrigation water (735.53, 963.30, 1191.03, 1418.82 and 1646.60 mm) and nitrogen fertilizer (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg N ha-1) on the growth of the Jatropha curcas L crop. The data regarding the growth of fresh biomass epigeal phytomass were obtained at seven different crop cycle times (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 days after pruning). According to the results, the stem height and the relative growth rate in stem height had a linear increase with the increase of water depths. The collection time influenced the values of height and stem diameter, resulting in both a linear behavior over the course of the experiment. There was a decline in the values of relative growth rate in height and stem diameter caused by climatic factors (temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and evaporation) and the onset of flowering and fruit formation.

Irrigação e fertirrigação potássica na cultura da videira em condições semiáridas

The potassium irrigation management and fertigation adjustment may improve grape yield and quality. Aiming at evaluating the biometric and productive characteristics of the ‘Ribier’ grapevine, under five irrigation levels (50%, 75%, 100%, 125% and 150% of the class A pan evaporation - CAE) and five potassium fertilization doses (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days), applied by fertigation, two experiments were carried out in a randomized blocks design, with five treatments and five replications, in Limoeiro do Norte, Ceara State, Brazil. The variables bunch number, size and average weight, soluble solids and yield were evaluated for the five irrigation levels, while the bunch average weight and width, number of berries, soluble solids and yield were evaluated for the five potassium fertigation intervals. The maximum irrigation level (150% of the CAE) and the seven days interval for the potassium fertigations provided the best yield for the ‘Ribier’ grapevine, under the Ceara State semiarid conditions.

Efeito de diferentes lâminas de irrigação na cultura do mamão

The objective of this work was to study the effect of the different irrigation levels at the Carica papaya L. crop, Formosa group, variety Tainung No 1, under the edapho-climatic conditions at the Jaguaribe Apodi Irrigation District (DIJA), Limoeiro do Norte, Ceara. It was applied irrigation levels corresponding to 50; 75; 100; 125 and 150% of the Class A Pan evaporation (ECA). The experimental delineation used was randomized blocks design with three repetitions and five treatments. The analyzed attributes were: average weight of the fruit, productivity and levels of total soluble solids in the fruit. The results demonstrated that the use of bigger irrigation depths increases the productivity. However, it does not modify the average weight of the fruit and the levels of total soluble solids.

Adubação potássica aplicada por fertirrigação e pelo método convencional na cultura do amendoim

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of potassium doses on peanut yield, when applied by drip fertigation or conventionally. The experiment was conducted in the field, in an Alfissol in Fortaleza, Ceara. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks in a factorial arrangement plus one additional treatment [(3 x 2) + 1] and four replications, being studied three K doses (D1 - 25, D2 - 50 and D3 -100 kg ha-1) and two application methods (F1 - Fertigation, F2 - Conventional fertilizer application), plus one additional treatment (control). At 90 days after sowing, harvesting was performed, with 5 plants being taken at random from the central line of each treatment, in each block. These plants were separated by treatment and placed in a screened greenhouse for five days, for the pods to dry. The evaluated variables were: number of fruits per plant, pod weight, yield, 100 seed weight and pod size. The fertigated potassium dose corresponding to the maximum peanut crop yield (1530.68 kg ha-1) was estimated at 69.39 kg ha-1 of K2O. As to the conventionally applied potassium dose that maximized yield was estimated at 65.80 kg ha-1 of K2O, corresponding to a maximum peanut crop yield of 1092.22 kg ha-1.

Crescimento inicial do milho sob diferentes concentrações de biofertilizante bovino irrigado com águas salinas

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation with water of high and low salinity on the initial growth of corn plants grown in soil fertilized with bovine bio-fertilizer. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of the Department of Soil Science - UFC. The seeds were planted in vessels with a 12 kg capacity, containing Alfissol as substrate and one plant per pot. The experiment followed a completely randomized design, in a 5x2 factorial scheme, with four replications, referring to five concentrations of bio-fertilizer: C1 = 50% biofertilizer + 50% water (1:1), C2 = 33.33% biofertilizer + 66.67 + water (1:2), C3 = 25% biofertilizer + 75% water (1:3), C4 = 20% biofertilizer + 80% water (1:4) and C5 = 11.12% biofertilizer + 88, 88% water (1:5) and two salinity levels of irrigation water for S1 = 0.8 dS m-1 (low salinity) and S2 = 3.4 dS m-1 (high salinity). We analyzed the early growth of plants as compared to the readings of electrical conductivity of water saturated soil extracts (ECse) by using the collected data on plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, shoot dry matter, root dry matter and total dry matter. Irrigation with low salinity water was found more efficient in promoting the initial growth of plants under increasing concentrations of biofertilizer, except for root dry matter. Under the same concentrations of biofertilizer, plus irrigation with saline water, soil salinity increased, but did so with less intensity in soil irrigated with low salinity water.

Produtividade do meloeiro fertirrigado com potássio em ambiente protegido

We studied the effects of three kalium doses applied via fertigation on the yield of melon plants (Cucumis melo L.). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse installed in Limoeiro do Norte County, Ceara State, Brazil. Plants were irrigated from April to August, 2002 by a regular or a subsurface drip irrigation system. Seeds of the hybrid Bonus 2 were sown at 0.5 x 1.0 m. Streaks were installed to induce the vertical growth of the plants, up to 2.0 m height. The experimental design followed a 2 x 3 factorial random blocks design. The treatments consisted of the combination of three kalium doses (40; 120 and 200 kg ha-1) and tof two depths of application (0.0 m - surface and 0.20 m - subsurface) with four replications per treatment. The total dry matter, leaf dry matter, average fruit weight, soluble solid content of fruits and yield of fruits were evaluated. The subsurface drip irrigated plants produced higher total dry matter and leaf dry matter. The applied kalium levels, however, resulted in no statistic difference for all evaluated variables.

ASPECTOS PRODUTIVOS DA MELANCIEIRA SOB IRRIGAÇÃO COM DÉFICIT E DIFERENTES COBERTURAS UTILIZANDO O MODELO ISAREG

The objective of this work was to assess the pulp resistance, soluble solids and yield of watermelon fruits grown under different irrigation managements (determined by the ISAREG model) and mulches, and their interactions. After a survey carried out on local producers, two experiments were conducted, using a completely randomized block design in split-plot arrangement with four replications, in the Teaching, Research and Extension Unit (UEPE) of the Federal Institute of Ceara (IFCE), Jaguaribe-Apodi Irrigation District (DIJA), State of Ceara, Brazil. The treatments consisted of four irrigation managements in the plots, M1 (100% of the available-water capacity (AWC) of the soil), M2 (80%), M3 (60%) and M4 (average water depth used by local producers) and four mulch types in the sub-plots, without mulching (C0) with rice husk (C1), white plastic (C2) and black plastic (C3) as mulches. The results were subjected to analysis of variance, and significant results were subjected to regression (irrigation managements), average test (mulches) and trend graphs (interaction between the factors). The irrigation management practiced during the watermelon crop cycle by the local producers of the Irrigation District of Jaguaribe-Apodi (DIJA) in the State of Ceara, Brazil, is not appropriated, since they usually apply more water than the highest water depth determined by the ISAREG model (100% of the AWC). The plants grown under irrigation water depth of 365.20 mm (M1) and soils with mulches of rice husk or white plastic had the highest yields and fruits with better quality of soluble solids and pulp resistance.

Growth, gas exchange and yield of peanut in frequency of irrigation

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different irrigation frequencies on growth, gas exchange and yield of the peanut (Arachis ypogea L). The experiment was conducted in the field using the experimental design of randomized blocks with five treatments, five replications with four plants per plot. The treatments were composed: F2 = (irrigation every 2 days), F4 = (irrigation every 4 days), F6 = (irrigation every 6 days), F8 = (irrigation every 2 days) and F10 = (irrigation every 10 days). At 60 days after sowing (DAS), the gas exchange variables (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration) and growth variables (plant height, leaf number, stem diameter and shoot dry matter) were evaluated. The highest irrigation frequency tested (every two days) promoted the best results for plant growth (leaf number, plant height, shoot dry matter) e for leaf gas exchange. The highest yield of field grown peanuts at the conditions prevailing in Fortaleza, Ceara, is associated with the adoption of an irrigation frequency interval of two days.

Fertirrigation potassica in the culture of the fig in Semiárido from Ceará.

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as variaveis de producao da figueira, cultivar Roxo de Valinhos, sob o efeito de diferentes doses de adubacao potassica, aplicadas via fertirrigacao, nas condicoes edafoclimaticas do Distrito de Irrigacao Jaguaribe Apodi (DIJA), Limoeiro do Norte, Ceara. O experimento foi conduzido, em uma area experimental da empresa Figood, Quadra 3, lote 41, no municipio de Limoeiro do Norte (05o20’ S, 38o5’ W, 143 m) com o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repeticoes. Os tratamentos foram definidos em funcao da adubacao potassica: 50; 75; 100; 125 e 150% da recomendacao da analise de solo (RAS). Foram avaliadas as variaveis: peso dos frutos, numero de frutos, diâmetro de frutos e produtividade. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a aplicacao de doses diferenciadas de K2SO4aplicadas via fertirrigacao, nao alterou significativamente nenhuma das variaveis analisadas. Como os resultados nao foram significativos, o produtor deve aplicar a dosagem minima analisada (50% da recomendacao da analise de solo) devido a grande quantidade de potassio existente no solo da regiao, alem de reduzir os custos de producao e diminuir o risco de salinizacao do solo.

Yield of strawberry crops under different irrigation levels and biofertilizer doses

Strawberry is produced and appreciated in different regions of the world, due to its productive and commercial characteristics. Biofertilizer is an organic fertilizer that is easy to prepare and effective to nourish plants. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of different irrigation levels and anaerobically fermented bovine biofertilizer doses, on biomass accumulation and strawberry crop yield. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the UFC, in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil, from August to December 2012, under a screened environment. The experimental design was randomized blocks designed into subdivided plots, in which irrigation levels were applied via drip irrigation (equivalent to 33.3, 66.6, 100, 133.3 and 166.6% of the evaporation measured in the Class A tank - ECA), corresponding to the plots. The four doses of bovine biofertilizer (125, 250, 375 and 500 mL plant-1 week-1) were the subplots, with four replications. The assessed parameters were: biomass (root, shoot and total dry matter), fruit diameter, fruit length, number of fruits per plant, average fruit mass and yield. The biofertilizer and irrigation increased strawberry shoot biomass and total biomass. The interaction between irrigation and bovine biofertilizer raised the root matter to 3.7 g. The biofertilizer was nutritionally efficient for the strawberry regarding number of fruit, fruit diameter and yield. Irrigation increased strawberry length and average mass.