Thelma Alvim Veiga Ludwig

Diatomáceas de rios da bacia hidrográfica Litorânea, PR, Brasil: Coscinodiscophyceae e Fragilariophyceae

The survey is a floristic inventory of Coscinodiscophyceae and Fragilariophyceae diatoms from lotic systems of Litorânea watershed, east Parana, Brazil. Diatoms were collected from periphytic and planktonic microhabitats on December 1998, February and July 2000. Nine rivers were sampled: Iporanga, Nhundiaquara, Nunes, Cachoeira, Salto, Cambara, Onca, Cabaraquara and Engenho. Twenty taxa were identified. Aulacoseira distans (Ehr.) Sim. var. distans was first recorded in the State. Asterionella formosa Hass. var. formosa and Cyclotella stelligera (Cl. & Grun.) V. Heurck var. stelligera occurred only at planktonic samples and Cyclotella pseudostelligera Hust. var. pseudostelligera e Fragilaria capucina var. vaucheriae (Kutz.) Lang.-Bert. were exclusively registered at periphytic ones.

Diatomáceas perifíticas em um sistema eutrófico brasileiro (Reservatório do Iraí, estado do Paraná)

O estudo sobre a diversidade das diatomaceas do reservatorio do Irai ampliou o conhecimento da flora diatomologica perifitica de ambientes eutroficos do estado do Parana e contribuiu para subsidiar futuros trabalhos que utilizem diatomaceas como bioindicadoras das condicoes troficas da agua. Coletas trimestrais foram realizadas no reservatorio durante um ano. As amostras perifiticas foram obtidas pela remocao do biofilme aderido a caules da macrofita Polygonum sp. e a lâminas de vidro. Estas foram colocadas em complexos de madeira e deixadas submersas durante 30 dias para colonizacao. O estudo taxonomico resultou na identificacao de 11 citacoes pioneiras para o estado do Parana entre as 96 especies de diatomaceas determinadas. Maior diversidade de especies foi registrada para o substrato macrofita. Achnanthidium minutissimum foi dominante na maior parte das amostras analisadas, sendo considerada tolerante as condicoes eutroficas do reservatorio do Irai. Fragilaria rumpens, Fragilaria vaucheriae var. capitellata e Gomphonema gracile foram abundantes. Informacoes ecologicas sobre as especies foram obtidas em literatura, sendo 35% caracteristicas de sistemas aquaticos em processo avancado de eutrofizacao, 18% de ambientes mesotroficos e 19% classificadas como tolerantes e indiferentes ao estado trofico dos ambientes.

Diatomáceas cêntricas de rios na região de abrangência da usina hidrelétrica de Salto Caxias, PR, (Bacia do rio Iguaçu)

The survey is a floristic inventory of centric diatoms from the region to be flooded by the construction of the Salto Caxias hydroelectric power plant reservoir, in southeast Parana State, Brazil. Planktonic sampling was carried out monthly, from March/97 to February/98. Nineteen infrageneric taxa were identified. Aulacoseira ambigua var. ambigua, A. granulata var. granulata, A. granulata var. angustissima and Melosira varians being the most common taxa, occuring in 85% of the 171 samples studied. Aulacoseira agassizii var. agassizii and Melosira undulata var. normanii are new records for the State of Parana, and Terpsinoe musica var. musica registered for the first time in freshwater environments in this state.

Coscinodiscophyceae, Fragilariophyceae e Bacillariophyceae (Achnanthales) dos rios Ivaí, São João e dos Patos, bacia hidrográfica do rio Ivaí, município de Prudentópolis, PR, Brasil

A floristic study of Coscinodiscophyceae, Fragilariophyceae and Bacillariophyceae (Achnanthales) in the Ivai, Sao Joao and Patos rivers from the upper Ivai river basin, located at Prudentopolis, Parana State, Brazil is presented. Forty-one samples were collected in March, June and July/2002 and January/2003, and analysed. Phytoplankton samples were collected with a plankton net (25 µm mesh); periphyton was collected by removing the attached material from submerged portions of aquatic macrophytes, rocks, sediment or the sandy substratum. Nine species of the class Coscinodiscophyceae, eight of the class Fragilariophyceae and fourteen of the order Achnanthales were identified. Thalassiosira weissflogii (Grunow) Fryxell & Hasle, Achnanthidium sp., Planothidium biporomum (Hohn & Hellerman) Lange-Bertalot and Cocconeis placentula var. pseudolineata Geitler were new diatom records for Parana State.

Eunotiaceae (Bacillariophyceae) em igarapés da Amazônia Central, Manaus e Presidente Figueiredo, Brasil

Floristic and taxonomical studies about diatoms to Amazonian region are commonly well represented by Eunotia and Actinella (Eunotiaceae). The available works include diatom assemblage from Brazilian, Ecuadorian, Colombian and Peruvian Amazonia. The local streams often present acid pH which provides environmental conditions to develop a very particular diatom community dominated by specimens of Eunotiaceae. Thus, the aim of this paper is to give a floristic survey of Eunotiaceae from central Amazonian rivers and to register the typical morphologic frustule variations of some species. Planktonic and periphytic samples were collected from five rivers located at the BR-174 highway, near Manaus and Presidente Figueiredo districts, during 1996 and 1997. Slides were prepared in accordance with the technique of slow oxidation for the qualitative determination. Twenty-three species of Eunotia and six of Actinella were identified. Dicotomic keys, taxonomic comments and photographic illustrations were added. Morphotypes of Eunotia zygodon were registered. Species scarcelly mentioned on diatom literature were registered, such as, Eunotia falcifera and Eunotia rostellata.

Diatomáceas perifíticas em Polygonum hydropiperoides Michaux, reservatório do Passaúna, Região Metropolitana de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil

The periphytic diatoms attached to Polygonum hydropiperoides Michaux were studied with sampling, in the reservoir of the Passauna river, Parana State, Brazil. Parts of the macrophyte were scraped to remove the periphytic matrix which was cleaned to make permanent slides. One hundred and six taxa were determined. Fragilariaceae was the most representative family, with eight genera. Navicula Bory, Gomphonema Ehrenberg and Nitzschia Hassall showed the greater species richness among the 39 genera observed. Fifteen taxa are new records to Parana state.

Eunotia Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyceae) do rio Guaraguaçu, litoral do Paraná, Brasil

The survey is a inventory floristic of Eunotiaceae family from Guaraguacu river, one of the important lotic ecosystems of Litoranea watershed, State of Parana, South Brazil. Samples were collected on April and October of 2003 from plankton and periphyton at six localities along the river. Forty species were identified and 16 taxa were registered for first time to State of Parana: Eunotia anamargaritae,E. auriculata, E. batavica, E. convexa var. convexa f. impressa, E. dacostae,E. denticulata,E. fallax var. groenlandica, E. herzogii,E. meridiana, E. muscicola var. tridentula,E. nymanniana, E. pseudoindica, E. trinacria, Eunotia sp. 2, Eunotia sp. 3 and Eunotia sp. 4.

Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) of Iguaçu National Park, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil

This study represents a taxonomic survey of class Bacillariophyceae diatoms found in samples collected in the Iguacu River (Iguacu National Park, municipality of Foz do Iguacu, in the state of Parana, Brazil) between August 2007 and July 2008. Two sampling stations were utilized, the first located upstream of Iguacu Falls (Cais Bananeiras Station) and second downstream of the falls (Cais Macuco Safari Station). The study resulted in the identification of 86 taxa, including 74 at the specific level and seven taxonomic varieties. Two of these had never before been documented in the state of Parana: Gomphonema gibberum Hustedt and Pinnularia meridiana Metzeltin & Krammer. Nine are first-time records for Brazil: Cymbella charrua Metzeltin, Lange-Bertalot & Garcia-Rodriguez, Placoneis ovillus Metzeltin, Lange-Bertalot & Garcia-Rodriguez, Gomphonema affinopsis Metzeltin, Lange-Bertalot & Garcia-Rodriguez, , Gomphosphenia lingulatiformis (Lange-Bertalot & Reichardt) Lange-Bertalot, Luticola aequatorialis (Heiden) Lange-Bertalot & Ohtsuka, Sellaphora garciarodriguezii Metzeltin & Lange-Bertalot, Eolimna submuralis (Hustedt) Lange-Bertalot Kulikovskiy, Geissleria neosubtropica Metzeltin, Lange-Bertalot & Garcia-Rodriguez and Stauroneis cf. sylviabonillae Metzeltin, Lange-Bertalot & Garcia-Rodriguez.

Diatomáceas perifíticas em Potamogeton polygonus Cham. & Schltdl.: citações pioneiras para o estado do Paraná

Periphytic diatoms on Potamogeton polygonus Cham. & Schltdl.: first records from Parana State. A taxonomic study of periphytic diatoms associated to aquatic macrophyte Potamogeton polygonus was carried out. Specimens were collected on February, May and November/2005 and March/2006, in an artificial lagoon and in the Salto Amazonas river, located at General Carneiro, Parana State. Based on the analysis of permanent slides with cleaned periphytic samples, one hundred and forty-seven taxa had been registered, 55 diatoms were exclusive of the lentic environment, 34 of the lotic environment and 58 occurred on both ones. The most representative families were Eunotiaceae (13.6%), Pinnulariaceae (11.6%) and Naviculaceae (9.6%). The genera with greater number of species and varieties were Eunotia with 20 taxa and Pinnularia with 17. The study contributed with 18 new registers to the state, and was pioneer to document forms of diatom attachment on aquatic macrophyte of systems lotic and lentic in the Parana state.

Thalassiosirales (Diatomeae) do rio Guaraguaçu, Bacia Litorânea, PR, Brasil

The floristic inventory of Thalassiosirales from Guaraguacu river was based on planktonic and periphytic samples collected at six sampling stations throughout the river, considering a salinity gradient. A total of 28 species were identified with 19 included in Thalassiosiraceae family. Among the diatoms recorded, 85,7% were marine/estuarine and 14,3% were continental species. Cyclotella atomus Hustedt, C. choctawhatcheeana Prasad, Thalassiocyclus lucens (Hustedt) Hakansson & Mahood, Thalassiosira minima Gaarder, T. prochkinae Makarova, T. pseudonana Hasle & Heimdal, T. tealata Takano, T. tenera Proschkina-Lavrenko and Thalassiosira sp. were the nine new records for the State of the Parana. Identification keys, taxonomic descriptions, measurements, MO and MEV illustrations complement the study.