Thomas Albert Johnson

Shape-selective mordenite-catalyzed amination of ethanolamine to ethylenediamine

Abstract Hydrogen mordenite and dealuminated hydrogen mordenites catalyze the reaction of ethanolamine with ammonia to form ethylenediamine at low pressure. Selectivity to ethylenediamine depends on the degree of mordenite dealumination; best results are obtained with a moderately dealuminated catalyst. Self-amination of ethanolamine leads to N-(aminoethylethanolamine, the major byproduct.

Amination of olefins by zeolites

Abstract Direct addition of ammonia to olefins is catalyzed by acidic zeolites such as H-offretite, H-clinoptilolite, H-Y, and rare earth-exchanged Y. Selectivity to the corresponding amines is high (at least 97%). Conversions are controlled by temperature-dependent equilibria between the starting materials and product amines. Olefin ami nation occurs via Markownikoff addition. Reaction is believed to involve a carbocationic intermediate which is formed by interaction of the olefin with a surface proton or ammonium ion. Catalyst activity is proportional to the total number of strongly acidic sites as measured by ammonia chemisorption. Highest activities are obtained with small to medium pore acidic zeolites, such as H-clinoptilolite, H-erionite, and H-offretite.

Direct amination of ethylene by zeolite catalysis

Formation of ethylamine by addition of ammonia to ethylene is catalysed by acidic zeolites such as H-Y, H-mordenite, and H-erionite.

A Process for Coproduction of Mono- and Diaminoalkylated Glycols

Abstract A process for coproduction of mono- and diaminoalkylated glycols has been developed which involves Michael addition of excess diethylene glycol to acrylonitrile followed by catalytic hydrogenation of the nitrile mixture over a chromium-promoted sponge cobalt catalyst.