Thomas Hüpf

Electrical resistivity of high melting metals up into the liquid phase (V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W)

Objective of the collaboration of TU Graz and DLR Cologne is the measurement of specific electrical resistivity comparing pulse-heating and levitation results. The TU Graz measurements on V, Nb, Ta, Mo and W will be presented and discussed with regard to volume expansion and resistivity.

Normal spectral emissivity near 680 nm at melting and in the liquid phase for 18 metallic elements

Optical and thermophysical properties of pure metals at the melting point and in the liquid phase are of general interest for technological applications. This is especially true for those metals that are commonly applied. Many of these elements are used either in their pure form or as alloying components. Due to their widespread use in industry an ongoing need for new and more accurate data exists. Based on an ohmic pulse-heating apparatus, properties of conducting materials can be obtained from temperatures of about 1200 K, at which most metals are in the solid state, up to about 5000 K in the liquid state. To enable a fast and accurate temperature measurement over such a vast range, pyrometric temperature detection based on Plancks radiation law is employed. Furthermore, a microsecond-resolution ellipsometric device with no moving parts, called μs-DOAP (Division-of-Amplitude-Photopolarimeter) as first described by Azzam [1], is applied to measure normal spectral emissivity close to the wavelength of the pyrometer (650 nm). In the present paper, measurements of normal spectral emissivity at 684.5 nm, obtained by means of the above-mentioned pulse-heating technique combined with a μs-DOAP, are summarized for 18 metals, namely cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf-3%Zr), iron (Fe), iridium (Ir), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), niobium (Nb), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), rhenium (Re), silver (Ag), tantalum (Ta), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), vanadium (V) and zirconium (Zr). The results are very important in order to eliminate uncertainties arising from the unknown behavior of emissivity at melting and in the liquid phase when investigating temperature-dependent thermophysical properties.Optical and thermophysical properties of pure metals at the melting point and in the liquid phase are of general interest for technological applications. This is especially true for those metals that are commonly applied. Many of these elements are used either in their pure form or as alloying components. Due to their widespread use in industry an ongoing need for new and more accurate data exists. Based on an ohmic pulse-heating apparatus, properties of conducting materials can be obtained from temperatures of about 1200 K, at which most metals are in the solid state, up to about 5000 K in the liquid state. To enable a fast and accurate temperature measurement over such a vast range, pyrometric temperature detection based on Plancks radiation law is employed. Furthermore, a microsecond-resolution ellipsometric device with no moving parts, called μs-DOAP (Division-of-Amplitude-Photopolarimeter) as first described by Azzam [1], is applied to measure normal spectral emissivity close to the wavelength of th...