Tian-Shu Chu

A DFT/TDDFT study of the excited state intramolecular proton transfer based sensing mechanism for the aqueous fluoride chemosensor BTTPB

The sensing mechanism of the aqueous fluoride chemosensor N-(3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4-(tert-butyldiphenyl silyloxy)phenyl)-benzamide (BTTPB) has been studied in detail by DFT/TDDFT methods. The desilylation reaction which has a moderate transition barrier of 17.6 kcal mol−1 and the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) of the desilylation reaction product (3-BTHPB) work together for the fluorescent sensing mechanism. The constructed potential energy curves among the optimized 3-BTHPB (enol form) and 3-BTHPB-e (keto form) geometries on the S0 and S1 states, indicated that the ESIPT is a low barrier process (0.1 kcal mol−1), and the energies of the optimized geometries showed that the ESIPT process is exothermic. The calculated vertical excitation energies in the ground state and the first singlet excited state reproduced the experimental UV-Vis absorbance and fluorescence emission spectra well.

A time-dependent wave-packet quantum scattering study of the reaction H2+(v=0–2,4,6;j=1)+He→HeH++H

The quantum scattering dynamics calculation was carried out for the titled reaction in the collision energy range of 0.0-2.4 eV with reactant H(2) (+) in the rotational state j = 1 and vibrational states v = 0-2, 4, and 6. The present time-dependent wave-packet calculation takes into account the Coriolis coupling (CC) and uses the accurate ab initio potential-energy surface of Palmieri et al. [Mol. Phys. 98, 1835 (2000)]. The importance of including the CC quantum scattering calculation has been revealed by the comparison between the CC calculation and the previous coupled state (CS) calculation. The CC total cross sections for the v = 2, 4, and 6 states show collision energy-dependent behaviors different from those based on the CS calculation. Furthermore, the collision energy dependence of the total cross sections obtained in the present CC calculation only exhibits minor oscillations, indicating that the chance is slim for reactive resonances in total cross sections to survive through the partial-wave averaging. The magnitude and profile of the CC total cross sections for v = 0-2 in the collision energy range of 0.0-2.5 eV are found to be consistent with experimental cross sections obtained recently by Tang et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 122, 164301 (2005)] after taking into account the experimental uncertainties.

A five-dimensional quantum dynamics study of the F(2P)+CH4 reaction

By applying the semirigid vibrating rotor target (SVRT) model to the title reaction, five-dimensional wave packet quantum dynamics calculations have been carried out on the new potential energy surface PES-2006 [Espinosa-Garcia et al., J. Phys. Chem. A 111, 2761 (2007)]. The reaction probabilities have been calculated for total angular momentum J up to 105 to obtain the converged integral cross sections over a collision energy range of 0.01-0.345 eV. With the polyatomic system initially in its ground rovibrational state |000>, no obvious resonance signature has been observed in the integral cross sections although it appears in the reaction probabilities for J < or = 40. However, when the umbrella mode of the collision system is initially excited to nu(alpha0) = 1 level, |001> state, there is resonance signature in both the reaction probabilities with J < or = 55 and the integral cross sections. In addition, rate constants are calculated by Boltzmann averaging of the |000> integral cross sections over collision energy and compared with both the previous kinetic calculations and the experimental measurements. A reasonable agreement has been achieved over the investigated temperature range of 180-400 K.

Coriolis coupling effects in the calculation of state-to-state integral and differential cross sections for the H+D2 reaction

The quantum wavepacket parallel computational code DIFFREALWAVE is used to calculate state-to-state integral and differential cross sections for the title reaction on the BKMP2 surface in the total energy range of 0.4-1.2 eV with D2 initially in its ground vibrational-rotational state. The role of Coriolis couplings in the state-to-state quantum calculations is examined in detail. Comparison of the results from calculations including the full Coriolis coupling and those using the centrifugal sudden approximation demonstrates that both the energy dependence and the angular dependence of the calculated cross sections are extremely sensitive to the Coriolis coupling, thus emphasizing the importance of including it correctly in an accurate state-to-state calculation.

A time-dependent wave packet quantum scattering study of the reaction HD+ (v = 0 - 3;j0 = 1) + He --> HeH+(HeD+) + D(H).

Time-dependent wave packet quantum scattering (TWQS) calculations are presented for HD(+) (v = 0 - 3;j(0)=1) + He collisions in the center-of-mass collision energy (E(T)) range of 0.0-2.0 eV. The present TWQS approach accounts for Coriolis coupling and uses the ab initio potential energy surface of Palmieri et al. [Mol. Phys. 98, 1839 (2000)]. For a fixed total angular momentum J, the energy dependence of reaction probabilities exhibits quantum resonance structure. The resonances are more pronounced for low J values and for the HeH(+) + D channel than for the HeD(+) + H channel and are particularly prominent near threshold. The quantum effects are no longer discernable in the integral cross sections, which compare closely to quasiclassical trajectory calculations conducted on the same potential energy surface. The integral cross sections also compare well to recent state-selected experimental values over the same reactant and translational energy range. Classical impulsive dynamics and steric arguments can account for the significant isotope effect in favor of the deuteron transfer channel observed for HD(+)(v<3) and low translational energies. At higher reactant energies, angular momentum constraints favor the proton-transfer channel, and isotopic differences in the integral cross sections are no longer significant. The integral cross sections as well as the J dependence of partial cross sections exhibit a significant alignment effect in favor of collisions with the HD(+) rotational angular momentum vector perpendicular to the Jacobi R coordinate. This effect is most pronounced for the proton-transfer channel at low vibrational and translational energies.

Spin-orbit effect in the energy pooling reaction O2(aΔ1)+O2(aΔ1)→O2(bΣ1)+O2(XΣ3)

Five-dimensional nonadiabatic quantum dynamics studies have been carried out on two new potential energy surfaces of S2(A′1) and T7(A″3) states for the title oxygen molecules collision with coplanar configurations, along with the spin-orbit coupling between them. The ab initio calculations are based on complete active state second-order perturbation theory with the 6‐31+G(d) basis set. The calculated spin-orbit induced transition probability as a function of collision energy is found to be very small for this energy pooling reaction. The rate constant obtained from a uniform J-shifting approach is compared with the existing theoretical and experimental data, and the spin-orbit effect is also discussed in this electronic energy-transfer process.

Quantum dynamical study of the electronic nonadiabaticity in the D + DBr → Br(Br*) + D2 reaction on new diabatic potential energy surfaces

A set of diabatic potential energy surfaces, that describe the D + DBr → Br(P(1/2,3/2)) + D(2) reaction, is constructed based on MRCI/aug-cc-pV5Z calculations at 29,526 grid points. Time-dependent wave packet calculations are performed for ground-state DBr initially with collision energies up to 2.0 eV to investigate possible electronic nonadiabaticity in this reaction. Reaction probabilities and integral cross sections are calculated. The results show negligible nonadiabatic effects for the title reaction in the energy range considered here, confirming experimental work of Zare and co-workers. In addition, the calculated thermal rate constants are in good agreement with experimental ones.

A DFT/TD-DFT study of thiazolidinedione derivative in dimethylformamide: Cooperative roles of hydrogen bondings, electronic and vibrational spectra

The time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method has been applied to investigate the thiazolidinedione (TZD) derivative A and its hydrogen-bonded complexes with dimethylformamide (DMF) (A-DMF and A-2DMF). The calculation results showed that the excited-state hydrogen bondings of O-H⋯O=C and N-H⋯O=C are strengthened and weakened in the hydrogen-bonded trimer A-2DMF, and their cooperation effect caused a blue shift in the electronic spectrum of A-2DMF. This modulation mechanism of the hydrogen-bond strengthening and weakening and its role in influencing the spectroscopy property of the TZD derivative A in DMF have been analyzed and showed in details.

Full six-dimensional nonadiabatic quantum dynamics calculation for the energy pooling reaction O2(aΔ1)+O2(aΔ1)→O2(bΣ1)+O2(XΣ3)

Six new potential energy surfaces of four singlet states and two triplet states for the title oxygen molecule reaction along with the spin-orbit coupling among them have been constructed from the complete active space second-order perturbation theory with a 6-311+G(d) basis. Accurate integral cross sections are calculated with a full six-dimensional nonadiabatic time-dependent quantum wave packet method. The thermal rate constant based on the integral cross sections agrees well with the result of the experimental measurements, and the intersystem crossing effects are also discussed in this electronic energy-transfer process.

Computational efficiency improvement with Wigner rotation technique in studying atoms in intense few-cycle circularly polarized pulses

We show that by introducing Wigner rotation technique into the solution of time-dependent Schrödinger equation in length gauge, computational efficiency can be greatly improved in describing atoms in intense few-cycle circularly polarized laser pulses. The methodology with Wigner rotation technique underlying our openMP parallel computational code for circularly polarized laser pulses is described. Results of test calculations to investigate the scaling property of the computational code with the number of the electronic angular basis function l as well as the strong field phenomena are presented and discussed for the hydrogen atom.