Timiresh Kumar Das

Burden of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes in tribal population of India: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE To estimate the burden of diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes in tribal populations of India. METHODS The authors reviewed studies from 2000 to 2011 that documented the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in various tribal populations of India. The search was performed using electronic and manual methods. Meta-analysis of data on point prevalence was performed. RESULTS A total of seven studies were retrieved. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus ranged from 0.7% to 10.1%. The final estimate of diabetes prevalence obtained after pooling of data from individual studies, was 5.9% (95% CI; 3.1-9.5%). The prevalence for impaired fasting glucose (IFG) varied from 5.1% to 13.5% and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), from 6.6% to 12.9%. CONCLUSION Chronic disease research in tribal populations is limited. The reported prevalence of IFG/IGT was higher than the prevalence of diabetes and this observation could be suggestive of a potential increase in diabetes in the coming years. Given that lifestyle changes have occurred in the tribal populations, there is a need to synthesize evidence(s) relating to diabetes and other chronic diseases in these marginalized populations and inform policy makers.

A Study of Workplace Violence Experienced by Doctors and Associated Risk Factors in a Tertiary Care Hospital of South Delhi, India.

INTRODUCTION The increasing incidences of violence against doctors in their workplaces are an important reason for stress among these healthcare workers. Many incidences of workplace violence against doctors have been reported in the past and are also being continuously reported from different parts of the country as well as the world. AIM To determine the prevalence of workplace violence among doctors and to study the associated risk factors in a tertiary care hospital of Delhi, India. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. The contents were: data related to the workplace, incidences at work, violence prevention policy of the institution, reporting of incidences and follow-up, education and training for violence management. A total of 151 doctors participated in the study. RESULTS Total participants in the study were 151. The mean age of study participants was 26.73±4.24 years. Almost half (47.02%; 44.56% of males and 50.84% of females) of the doctors reported having an experience of violence during work hours in past 12 months. Among the cases, 39.4% were reported from Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology while Surgery, Medicine and other departments reported 29.6%, 26.8% and 4.2% respectively. Patients or their relatives were perpetrators in most of the cases. Maximum (87.3%) of the reported cases were of verbal violence while 8.6% of the cases were of physical violence. Younger doctors with less work experience were more prone to physical violence. Regarding the time of violence, 35.1% of such cases occurred during afternoon while 30.1% of them took place at night. CONCLUSION A large number of doctors had experienced violence in past 12 months in a tertiary care hospital of South Delhi, India. Verbal violence came out to be most common form of violence experienced by the doctors. Afternoon or night hours were the timings when majority of such cases were reported.

A study on compliance of antenatal care among the mothers attending immunisation clinic of Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal

Introduction: Maternal death is more common in developing countries than developing countries. Though the death rate is declining, there are new targets set to accelerate the decline. One of the main way to reduce the maternal death is through proper Antenatal care. Objective: To determine number of antenatal visits and to assess the knowledge and practice regarding antenatal care among mothers. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted in Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital, of West Bengal state with the sample of 154 using pretested questionnaire. Results: Out of 154 participants, awareness about antenatal care is present for 35.7% and 90.26% had more than 3 antenatal visit. Around 40.9% had awareness about IFA tablets and TT immunisation. Around 41.6% had gender preference and 27.3% had preference for male child. Conclusion: Community awareness should be created to improve early registration and antenatal care.

Spontaneously occurring lung lesions in sheep and goats

The present study was aimed for documenting various pathological conditions affecting the lungs of sheep and goats. A total of 1350 lungs were screened, out of which, 270 lungs (20%) exhibited pneumonic lesions; 121 in sheep (44.1%) and 149 in goats (55.1%). Out of 270 lungs selected for the study, 111/270 cases (41.1%) belonged to sheep and 55/270 cases (20.3%) to goats from slaughtered cases, and 10/270 cases (3.70%) to sheep and 95/270 cases (35.18%) to goats from fallen animals. The pneumonic lesions were classified as: acute bronchopneumonia (90 cases, 33.33%), sub-acute bronchopneumonia (18 cases, 6.66%), fibrinous bronchopneumonia (30 cases, 11.1%), suppurative bronchopneumonia (10 cases, 3.70%), chronic bronchopneumonia (15 cases, 5.5%), Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) (25 cases, 9.25%), broncho-interstitial pneumonia (5 cases, 1.85%), Maedi or ovine progressive pneumonia (3 cases, 1.11%), ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (31 cases, 11.48%), Hydatidosis (20 cases, 7.40%), atelectasis and emphysema (7 cases, 2.60%) and other nonspecific lesions (16 cases, 5.92%).