Tomas Cahlik

Comparison of the Maps of Science

The aim of this article is to describe some methods of comparison of maps of science and to show possibilities that these methods give for further research in this interesting area.

Law of cumulative advantages in the evolution of scientific fields

SummaryThe evolution of scientific fields analyzed by co-word analysis and presented in strategic diagrams is simulated based on the law of cumulative advantages - the probability of a new tie between two keywords depends positively on the frequencies in which both keywords have taken part already. The results we get from simulations are compared with the results of real scientific field evolution. We consider the high correspondence of both to be a proof of the working of the law of cumulative advantages in the development of scientific fields and we believe that our research opens new possibilities for predictions of the development of scientific fields.

Školné či dotace? (simulace s modely systému vysokých škol)

The impact of different financing alternatives on two simple models of the university system is analysed in this paper. Both models are agent - based, the reason is that we analyse a system of heterogeneous universities instead of a representative university. Models differ in the rules for the decision-making of universities. In the first - optimising model - each university in each period maximalizes the probability of survival, control variables are the income of universities and the salary of teachers. In the second model we implicitly assume constrained rationality or shortage of relevant information and each university in each period reacts according to simple rules on the difference between the number of applicants and its capacity. Basic result is that the behaviour of models in different situations differs with the financing alternatives and it would be an oversimplification to generalize that some of the financing alternative is always the best.

Predikce využívající experimentální trhy

According to the effective market theory, the stock prize on an effective market is the best estimate of the stocks current value. This is the basic assumption for predictions using experimental markets. This article describes the first experimental market organised in the Czech Republic, the experimental political market for Czech parliamentary elections in June 2002. In the beginning we briefly describe the methodology of the predictions via electronic markets. Than we give some description of our market- number of traders, their individual results, development of the market activity in time, etc. Finally we compare the result of our election market with the traditional opinion polls. On the basis of his comparison we discuss the advantages and the limitations of the prediction using the experimental markets.

Analýza ekonomického výzkumu

George J. Stigler in his Nobel price lecture in 1982 suggested to apply the ideas of economics of information on the market of new ideas of economic science. On the border between the economics of information and some other social sciences, co-word method and citation analysis are proposed for searching fundamental research themes and fundamental articles. In this article, these methods are applied to economics.