Tomasz Brodzicki

A gravity panel data analysis of foreign trade by regions: the role of metropolises and history

ABSTRACT A gravity panel data analysis of foreign trade by regions: the role of metropolises and history. Regional Studies. The paper investigates the determinants of the intensity of foreign trade of the Polish NUTS-2 regions over 1999–2011 with an augmented panel gravity model. In an attempt to obtain unbiased results, it estimates a semi-mixed effect model with the Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML) method. The results clearly demonstrate the robustness of the gravity model. Furthermore, path dependence within the context of regional development, due to the historical partitions of Poland, still plays a significant and robust role. Trade persistence has been confirmed. Metropolitan regions, ceteris paribus, trade more intensely, which proves their role as nodes in global trade flows.

The intensity of market competition and the innovative performance of firms

ABSTRACT This paper examines the relationship between the intensity of market competition and intensity of innovation in Poland analysed at the firm-level. The current theoretical and empirical literature on the subject provides rather ambiguous results. The evidence for transition economies is rather scant. In order to fill this gap, we utilise a unique dataset combining quantitative financial data with qualitative data from an extensive survey of a representative sample of 709 companies from Poland. We first measure the intensity of competition. Second, we model the intensity of innovation as a function of the intensity of competition controlling for a number of firm-specific and region-specific features. The results of negative binomial regression models are robust to different modifications. The relationship between the intensity of competition and innovation proves to be of inverted U-shape. Furthermore, there is evidence for the relationship being steeper for neck-and-neck industries in accordance with the major theoretical postulates.

Spatial Dependence Structure of Total Factor Productivity in Polish Local Administrative Districts

The interaction between space (location) and the processes of accumulation (growth) is one of the most interesting and at the same time the most difficult areas of modern economic theory. The up till now empirical research on determinants of regional productivity in the case of Poland is however relatively scarce. Most studies focus on explaining the variation in regional income per capita mostly at NUTS–2 and NUTS–3 levels, and only a few take into account a highly spatially disaggregated NUTS–4 level. We aim to fill this important gap. The present article has several objectives. We try to explain the spatial patterns of productivity, to identify the spatial range of productivity spillovers empirically and to identify the determinants of the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth in Poland with the use of spatial econometric modeling and the extended version of the Nelson‑Phelps (1966) model. The study adopts an NUTS-4 level of local administrative districts (powiats) which we find superior on both theoretical (market closing) and empirical grounds (spatial modeling). TFP in Poland assumes the highest values in the metropolitan centers and spreads out on their nearest surroundings with the maximum value for Warsaw. The secondary local hills in TFP are located in cities or towns with county rights. TFP, in general, shows a downward trend as one moves from the west to the east with the lowest values observed in the south‑eastern part of Poland. The range of TFP spillover is found to be of roughly 175–200 km and is nonlinearly decreasing from the local productivity hills. Furthermore, the rate of growth of TFP shows spatial autocorrelation and is found to depend positively on the rate of increase in human capital endowment and on the gap from the leader under certain assumptions. We find no evidence of the channel through imports. However, the FDI channel is found to be robust and strong.

The role of technology gap in the trade of Poland. Panel estimation in the gravity framework

Rola luki technologicznej w wymianie handlowej Polski. Estymacja panelowa modelu grawitacyjnego