Tommi Kaartinen

Acid neutralization capacity of waste - specification of requirement stated in landfill regulations

The EU regulation of landfill aims to the safe disposal of waste in the long term. The regulation requires the collection of information on waste characteristics before landfilling. Acid neutraliza ...

Evaluation of Long-Term Post Process Inactivation of Bioleaching Microorganisms

The H2020 BioMOre project (www.biomore.info, Grant Agreement #642456) tests the feasibility of in-situ bioleaching of copper in deep subsurface deposits in the Rudna Mine, Poland. Copper is leached using biologically produced ferric iron solution, which is recycled back to the in-situ reactor after re-oxidation by iron-oxidizing bacteria (IOB). From a post operational point of view, it is important that the biological processes applied during the operation can be controlled and terminated. Our goal was to determine the possibility to use natural saline mine water for the inactivation of introduced IOB remaining in the in-situ reactor after completion of the leaching process of the Kupferschiefer ore. Aerobic and anaerobic microcosms containing acid-leached (pH 2) sandstone or black shale from the Kupferschiefer in the Rudna mine were further leached with the effluent from an iron-oxidizing bioreactor, at a temperature of 30°C, for 10 days, to simulate in-situ leaching. After the removal of the iron solution, residing IOB were inactivated by filling the microcosms with saline water (65 g L-1 Cl-) originating from the mine. The saline water completely inactivated the IOB and the naturally occurring saline water of the mine can be used for long-term post process inactivation of bioleaching microorganisms.

Sulphate removal from mine water with chemical, biological and membrane technologies

Chemical, physical and biological technologies for removal of sulphate from mine tailings pond water (8 g SO42-/L) were investigated. Sulphate concentrations of approximately 1,400, 700, 350 and 20 mg/L were obtained using gypsum precipitation, and ettringite precipitation, biological sulphate reduction or reverse osmosis (RO) after gypsum pre-treatment, respectively. Gypsum precipitation can be widely utilized as a pre-treatment method, as was shown in this study. Clearly the lowest sulphate concentrations were obtained using RO. However, RO cannot be the only water purification technology, because the concentrate needs to be treated. There would be advantages using biological sulphate reduction, when elemental sulphur could be produced as a sellable end product. Reagent and energy costs for 200 m3/h tailings pond water feed based on laboratory studies and process modelling were 1.1, 3.1, 1.2 and 2.7 MEur/year for gypsum precipitation, ettringite precipitation, RO and biological treatment after gypsum precipitation, respectively. The most appropriate technology or combination of technologies should be selected for every industrial site case by case.

MSWI BA treated with Advanced Dry Recovery: a field scale study on materials’ leaching properties

ABSTRACT In many European countries, the environmental properties of waste-derived aggregates are mostly assessed based on laboratory leaching tests such as the standardised percolation tests CEN/TS/14405, ISO/TS 21268-3, or DIN 19528. These tests are conducted under specified conditions, which are similar yet somewhat different from realistic field conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the leaching properties of ADR (Advanced Dry Recovery) recovered MSWI BA in the field in order to understand more about its environmental impacts in actual civil engineering structures. Two field scale studies (a lysimeter and a larger interim storage field study) were constructed and the leachate quality was investigated. These results were then complemented with the results of previously conducted laboratory leaching tests using a liquid to solid ratio (L kg−1) comparison. The results demonstrated that the leaching behaviours of many potentially harmful substances, such as chloride, copper and antimony, was similar despite the study scale. In addition, this study illustrated the importance of investigating the leaching properties of waste-derived aggregates on a larger scale, even though the uncertainties in such studies may not be easily controlled.

Water Conscious Mining (WASCIOUS)

The main objective of the NordMin WASCIOUS project was to develop a technology concept for water conscious mining, where innovative water and tailings treatment technologies provide good-quality wa ...