Tommy E. Thompson
United States Department of Agriculture
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Featured researches published by Tommy E. Thompson.
Field Crops Research | 1981
Tommy E. Thompson; D.C. Zimmerman; C.E. Rogers
Abstract An extensive effort was made during 1976 and 1977 to collect and catalogue all species and subspecies of North American Helianthus . Seed or live plant material of all species and all subspecies except two were collected and are being maintained at Bushland. Seed oil percentages and fatty acid composition data are reported for the first time for 23 species. Achene (seed) oil content ranged form less than 20 to 40.2% for the 28 species (305 collections) evaluated. It appears that H. niveus (Benth.) Brandegee and H. salicifolius A. Dietr. are potential sources of genetic variability to increase oil percentage of cultivated sunflower. Much variability in fatty acid composition was also observed. Based upon our collection efforts, we now believe that H. nuttallii ssp. parishii (A. Gray) Heiser is probably extinct. Also, H. exilis A. Gray, and H. paradoxus Heiser are considered to be endangered species and H.× multiflorus L. (a natual hybrid) apparently exist only under artificial cultivation. H. debilis spp. vestitus (E.E. Wats.) Heiser, H. deserticola Heiser, H. anomalus Blake, H. schweinitzii T. and G., and H. smithii Heiser are considered to be rare species. Morphology, habitat diversity, and cross-compatibility of the different species are discussed as they relate to commercial sunflower cultivar improvement.
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society | 1993
John M. Halloin; Thomas G. Cooper; E. James Potchen; Tommy E. Thompson
Magnetic resonance images of plant tissues typically are manifestations of water protons in tissues. Within oilseeds, however, lipids contain a major portion of the mobile protons, which should enable specific imaging of lipids. In this study, experiments were done to demonstrate spin-echo imaging (SEI) and chemical-shift imaging (CSI) of lipid within nonimbibed and imbibed embryos of pecan (Carya illinoensis), a high-lipid seed. Magnetic resonance spectra of airdry embryos contained a single major peak for lipid, whereas those of imbibed embryos contained separate peaks for water and lipid. This separation of spectral peaks enabled CSI of distributions of either lipids or water in imbibed embryos. A longer spin-spin relaxation time of lipid protons than of water protons in imbibed embryos allowed selective SEI of lipids in those embryos. SEI of normal, dry embryos revealed fairly uniform distribution of lipids across tissues. Similar images of embryos damaged by the fungusPhoma exocarpina or the insectZerara viridula were less intense than those of a normal embryo, reflecting the lower oil contents of the damaged embryos. Magnetic resonance imaging should provide a useful technology for studying lipid distribution and metabolism within oil seeds.
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society | 1980
Tommy E. Thompson; C.E. Rogers; D. C. Zimmerman
Sunflower seed (Helianthus annus L.) from plants infected with head rot caused byRhizopus spp. exhibited serious oil quality problems. Free fatty acid content of this oil was 19.4%, compared with 0.8% for oil from seed of healthy plants. Oil from diseased seed was also higher in palmitic, stearic, arachidic, behenic and lignoceric fatty acids. In addition, diseased plants yielded only 81% as much seed and only 55% as much oil.
Journal of The American Society for Horticultural Science | 1993
Tommy E. Thompson; J.F. Baker
Journal of The American Society for Horticultural Science | 2003
L.J. Grauke; Muhammad J. Iqbal; Avutu S. Reddy; Tommy E. Thompson
Hortscience | 1995
L.J. Grauke; Tommy E. Thompson; Robert D. Marquard
Journal of The American Society for Horticultural Science | 1996
Tommy E. Thompson; L.J. Grauke; E.F. Young
Journal of The American Society for Horticultural Science | 1995
Robert D. Marquard; L.J. Grauke; Tommy E. Thompson; Ruth S. Janos
Hortscience | 1993
Tommy E. Thompson; Samuel D. Senter; L.J. Grauke
Acta Horticulturae | 2003
L.J. Grauke; Tommy E. Thompson